Gambar Sampul Bahasa Inggris · i_Chapter 9 A Powerful Character
Bahasa Inggris · i_Chapter 9 A Powerful Character
Achmad Doddy

24/08/2021 16:37:14

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A Powerful Character

Chapter

9

189

Source

:

www.wheatley.park.oxon.uk

In This Chapter

Listening:

Learning how to respond to movies

Listening to movie reviews

Listening and responding to contemporary dramas

Speaking:

Talking about movie reviews

Identifying the elements of drama

Learning how to act or perform in a drama

• Performing dramas

Reading:

Reading and elaborating short stories and novels

Reading speeches of famous people

Writing:

Learning the elements of stories and novels

• Writing stories

Rewriting stories from different point of views

190

Developing English Competencies

for Grade XII of Language Programme

1. What are the pictures about?

2. Are they interesting or not? Why?

3. Do you like watching movies/

fi

lms?

4. What kind of movies do you like best?

5. What kind of movies don't you like? Why?

Look at the pictures and answer the following questions.

1. Is Anto interested in a movie?

2. What movie do they talk about?

3. Who is the actor of the movie?

4. What does Anto think about the actor?

5. What does Rina suggest then?

6. Where does the James Dean movie playing?

7. Is Anto interested in that movie? Why?

Source:

www.movieposters.com

1

Listen to the people talking about movies and answer

the questions.

2

Listening

In this section, you will learn how to:

respond to movies;

listen movie reviews;

respond to contemporary drama.

Listening

Activity

1

Activity

2

191

A Powerful Character

Listen to people talking about movies. Then identify

the best adjective to describe what the speakers say

about each one.

Listen to the following movie review and complete

it. Compare your answers with your friends.

1. Speaker 1

2. Speaker 2

3. Speaker 3

4. Speaker 4

fascinating

wonderful

terri

fi

c

boring

silly

sad

dreadful

interesting

strange

boring

exciting

ridiculous

Troy Movie Review

From N.S. Gill,

Warner Bros. Troy vs. the Trojan Legend

the

5

. Without the hand of

Aphrodite, Paris should have died,

killed at the hand of

6

– or,

in the alternate reality of the movie,

fled for

7

to his brother. In

this alternate Hollywood reality, it

makes some sense that Hector would

8

Menelaus to save his brother's

life, although the code of

9

that

the warriors followed – in ancient times

as in the

10

– make this action

questionable.

Perhaps it was only because of the

11

of the gods that the Trojan

War lasted ten years in the

12

rather then the two weeks of Wolfgang

Petersen's godless rendition. You'll

have to get over the time

13

,

the presence of

14

in the Trojan

Horse, and the killing by Hector of

Menelaus and Ajax in order to enjoy

15

.

Source:

www.moviereview.imdb.com

Source:

www.allposters.com

Activity

3

Activity

4

In the Warner Bros. movie of Troy,

certain decisions were made that had

1

and, depending on how you

look at the Troy movie, devastating

2

. Chief among these was the

great

3

of the involvement of

the gods and goddesses in the lives of

men. Without the hand of

4

to guide the arm of Paris, Achilles

should have survived and might well

have lived long enough to be inside

192

Developing English Competencies

for Grade XII of Language Programme

Listen to the two critics talking about a new movie

and complete the following form.

What do they like or not like about it? Mark the chart

like this:

3

= Like it very much

2 = OK

1

= Doesn't like it

Critic 1

Critic 2

Acting

Story

Photography

Special Effects

Movie Elements

1. What is in picture 1?

2. What is in picture 2 ?

3. Which do you like most, action or drama? Why?

4. Have you ever watched drama performance?

5. What do you know about drama?

Source:

www.macedoniacenter.com

Source:

www.moviereview.bostoncom

1

2

Look at the pictures and answer these questions.

Activity

5

Activity

6

193

A Powerful Character

Listen to the excerpt of the play

Oedipus the King

and

complete it. Compare your answers with your friends.

OEDIPUS: You know all things in

1

and earth,

TIRESIAS: Things you may speak of openly, and secrets

Holy and not to be

2

. You know,

Blind though you are, the plague that ruins

Thebes. And you, great

3

, you alone

can save us. Phoebus has sent an answer to

our question. And answer that the

4

may have told you. Saying there was no cure

for our condition. Until we found the killers

of King Laius. And

5

them or had

them put to death. Therefore, Teresias, do

not

6

your skill. In the voice of birds

other prophecy. But save yourself, save me,

save the

7

. Save everything that the

pestilence de

fi

les. We are at your mercy, and

man’s

8

task. Is to use all his powers

in helping others.

TIRESIAS: How dreadful a thing, how dreadful a things

is wisdom, when to be

9

is useless!

This I knew. But I forgot, or else I would

never have come.

OEDIPUS: What is the matter? Why are you so trouble?

TIRESIAS: Oedipus, let me go home. Then you will bear.

Your

10

, and I mine, more easily.

1. Who are involved in the dialogue?

2. How many characters are there in the play?

3. Who do you think Oedipus is?

4. Who do you think Tiresias is?

5. What do they talk about?

6. Can you guess what the story of the play is?

Listen and study the play script in Activity 7 once

more and answer the following questions.

New Horizon

There are countless

ways that you can talk

about how language

works in a play, a

production, or a

particular performance.

Given a choice, you

should probably focus

on words, phrases,

lines, or scenes that

really struck you, things

that you still remember

weeks after reading

the play or seeing the

performance.

Taken from

en.wikipedia.org

Activity

7

Activity

8

194

Developing English Competencies

for Grade XII of Language Programme

Speaking

In this section, you will learn how to:

talk about and discuss movies;

identify the elements of drama and movie;

act or perform in a drama.

1. Have you seen any of these movies?

2. What information do you get from each poster?

3. Can you guess the story of each movie?

4. Which movie do you like best? Why?

5. Name one of the best movie you have ever seen?

6. What did you like about it?

7. What are your three favourite Indonesian movies?

Source:

www.mdpictures.com

Look at these movie posters and answer the questions.

Read these words related to movies and

fi

nd their

meanings.

1. cast/

kæst

/

2. genre/

ˈzyanra

/

3. sequel/

ˈsiekwəɪ

/

4. actor/'

ˈæktər

/

5. director/

dərektər

/

6. stellar/'stel

ə

r/

7. creepiness/

krɪepenəs

8. tearjerker/

ˈtəˌdʒɜ:ka/

9. outstanding/

əʊtˈstændɪŋ/

10. blockbusters/

ˈbolkˌbʌstəz/

1

2

Activity

1

Activity

2

195

A Powerful Character

Read and study the following dialogue talking about

movies. Then practise it with your partner.

Desy and David are talking about an actor in a movie they

like.

Desy : Hi, David. What are you doing here?

David : I'm going to buy some DVDs. I like watching

movie very much.

Desy : Oh really? What kind of movie do you like?

David : Well, I like comedy, drama, and action.

Desy : What about horror?

David : Mmm... It depends on the movie and the actress.

I like

Resident Evil

. It's a good combination

between action and horror.

Desy : You know... There's a new sequel of the 'Bourne'

movies playing.

David : Oh, Matt Damon? I really don't like his acting.

I think he overacts.

Desy : Oh, come on! I think he's great. Well, then, how

about a Jackie Chan's movie? They're showing

Rush Hour 3

at Cinema City.

David : Are you sure? Now that sounds interesting!

I like Jackie Chan's movies.

Desy : Will you buy the DVD?

David : De

fi

nitely. I will buy the original one.

New Horizon

When we learn our

own (native) language,

learning to speak comes

before learning to write.

In fact, we learn to speak

almost automatically.

Taken from

Microsoft Encarta

Premium,

2008

1. Expressions for giving opinion

2. Expressions for making recommendations

3. Expressions for likes or dislikes

4. Expressions for giving compliments

5. Expressions for making suggestions

Read the dialogue in Activity 3 once again and identify

the following expressions.

Activity

3

Activity

4

196

Developing English Competencies

for Grade XII of Language Programme

Lord of the Rings

Darker and on an even larger scale

than the first installment, The Two

Towers is an awesome spectacle that

seamlessly integrates breathtaking

visual and computer generated effects

with its central story that even the

smallest person can change the course

of the world.

I must admit it took me a little while

to pick up where the

fi

rst

fi

lm left off,

especially with the story strand of the

two hobbits that have escaped into the

Fangorn Forest, where they get caught

up with an ancient Treebeard tree. The

walking/talking tree with the gnarled

trunks and soulful eyes is a wonderful

computer–generated character, but

it's the deformed, dual–personality

creature Gollum that is absolutely

mesmerizing. Although Gollum is

a completely digital character, he is

bewitchingly real.

Taking actor Andy Serkis's body

and voice design through motion

capture photography, computer

generated imagery and digital sound

mixing, this repulsive, yet poignant

compelling creature is an extraordinary

accomplishment. The scale of the

climactic battle sequence at Helm's

Deep is epic, as thousands of Uruk-

hai soldiers storm the fortress. Viggo

Mortensen's heroic warrior Aragorn

replaces Frodo as the central character,

and Aragorn's dream segments with

the exquisite Liv Tyler as his elfish

dream girl are breathtakingly beautiful.

Mortensen is a superb hero exuding

great charisma beyond his dark good

looks. Also breathtaking and a total

contrast to the dark and intense battle

scenes are those with the splendid

horses, whose majesty is unrivalled.

The Two Towers is a worthy con-

tinuation to the

fi

rst

fi

lm, and while

we are once again dazzled by the

complexity of Jackson's vision, we are

never overwhelmed by the vastness

of scale, which only complements its

integral heart.

Source

: www.americanrhetoric.com

Read the following movie review and answer the

questions that follow.

Activity

5

197

A Powerful Character

1. What kind of movies are you interested in? Why?

2. Have you ever read a movie review?

3. Which

fi

lm is the movie review in Task 5 about?

4. Who are the main characters in the movie review?

5. Which characters do you like? Why?

6. What are the main events that happen in the story?

7. What did you like about the movie reviews?

8. Would you recommend the movie to your friends?

Why or why not?

Read these movie critics reviews of

The Last Emperor

.

How did each critic rated the

fi

lm?

excellent

fair

very good

poor

Movie Director's

Last Epic

In

The Last Emperor

,

director Bernardo Bertolucci

not only gives us a fascinating

history lesson but also a

compelling human drama.

It is the story of Pu Yi, who

came to the throne in 1908 at

the age of 2. The performances

are outstanding, and the

movie is spectacular in every

way. The three hours fly

by, and the audience leaves

feeling they have got to know

a great country and sensitive,

unusual man.

Source:

Interchange 2

, 2004

The Emperor's

New Clothes

Don't go and see

The Last

Emperor

if you're expecting

a history lesson. Bertolucci's

epic about the rise and fall of

Pu Yi is hard to follow and

confusing at times. But he

has done a remarkable job

of portraying the Chinese

culture, and he has captured

China as described in beautiful

images. There are also some

touching scenes, as when the

young Pu Yi's nurse is taken

from him. Unfortunately, the

movie is too long and tends to

drag at times.

Activity

6

198

Developing English Competencies

for Grade XII of Language Programme

1. What are the similarities between drama and

fi

lm?

2. Have you ever read a play or movie script?

3. Which do you think is more dif

fi

cult to write?

4. What do you know about act, scene character, setting,

and dialogue in a play?

Answer the following questions orally.

Action

Refers to what the characters do in

the story

Events are usually presented in the

order in which they take place to

avoid confusing the audience

Stage directions (usually enclosed

within brackets) tell the actors what

to do on stage

Setting

:

• The playwright provides infor-

mation about the setting.

Where the scene is taking place

• The props (furniture, costume,

etc) required, if any

The kind of lighting necessary

Characters

How many characters there are

What they look like

• Information about characters,

e.g. how they move and speak,

is usually provided in the

introduction.

Dialogue

• Refers to the words actually

spoken by the characters

• Each character's dialogue is

identi

fi

ed

Names in the margin indicate

which character's turn it is to

speak

Elements of a Script

Read and study the following explanation about the

elements of a play script.

Activity

7

Activity

8

199

A Powerful Character

A Midsummer Night's Dream

a Play by Shakespeare

Scene II. Athens. Quince's house.

Enter Quince, Snug, Bottom, Flute, Snout, And Starveling

Quince : Is all our company here?

Bottom : You were best to call them generally, man by

man, according to the script.

Quince : Here is the scroll of every man's name, which

is thought

fi

t, through all Athens, to play in

our interlude before the duke and the duchess,

on his wedding-day at night.

Bottom : First, good Peter Quince, say what the play

treats on, then read the names of the actors,

and so grow to a point.

Quince : M

arry, our play is, The most lamentable

comedy, and most cruel death of Pyramus

and Thisby.

Bottom : A very good piece of work, I assure you, and

a merry. Now, good Peter Quince, call forth

your actors by the scroll. Masters, spread

yourselves.

Quince : Answer as I call you. Nick Bottom, the weaver.

Bottom : Ready. Name what part I am for, and proceed.

Quince : Y o u , N i c k B o t t o m , a r e s e t d o w n f o r

Pyramus.

Bottom : What is Pyramus? a lover, or a tyrant?

Quince : A lover,

that kills himself most gallant for

love.

Study the following script and pay attention to the

structure of the script. Then practise the dialogue in

the script with your friends.

New Horizon

A production of a play is

a series of performances,

each of which may have

its own idiosyncratic

features. For example,

one production of

Shakespeare's

Twelfth

Night

might set the play

in 1940's Manhattan and

another might set the

play on an Alpaca farm

in New Zealand.

Taken from

www.wikipedia.com

Work in groups and

fi

nd a drama or play’s script from

literary books, magazines or the Internet. Discuss the

following questions. Then perform one of the scenes.

1. What is the chief emphasis (ideas, character,

atmosphere)?

2. What is the purpose? (entertainment, humour,

excitement)?

Activity

9

Activity

10

Title and source of play

Setting

Characters

Dialogue

Stage directions

200

Developing English Competencies

for Grade XII of Language Programme

Answer the following questions.

Reading

In this section, you will learn how to:

read and elaborate short stories and novels;

read speeches of a famous people.

1. Do you like reading stories?

2. What kind of stories do you like to read?

3. What story are you reading at this moment?

4. What is the story about?

5. Which one do you prefer to read short stories or

novels?

6. What do you know about classical and modern

stories?

• Harry Potter

• Hamlet

• Robinson Crusoe

• Lord of the Rings

• The Man without a Country

• The Chronicles of Narnia

• Da Vinci Code

• The Legend of Sleepy Hollow

• Gulliver's Travel

Look at the following titles of stories. Classify them

into classical or modern stories.

Classical Stories

Hamlet

Modern Stories

Lord of the Rings

Activity

1

Activity

2

201

A Powerful Character

The Second King

Sir Lancelot escaped with the queen

to his own lands across the Channel;

there he forti

fi

ed his castle and prepared

to withstand King Arthur's assault and

siege. He was not without supporters, for

many knights owed him their oaths and

their lives. So they gathered and waited

for retribution.

It came, as all knew it must.

For

fi

fteen weeks, war raged outside

the walls of Lancelot's keep. Sir Gawain's

wild northern men battered the stones in

an effort to slake their thirst for revenge.

King Arthur stayed to see proper justice

done, despite the appeals of Lancelot

and Guinevere, who had no desire to

see more blood shed. Each day brought

a new challenge; Lancelot was no weak

strategist, and used every tactic he had

learned in Britain's long-ago wars to

defend his home from the British forces.

Each day unfolded between the two

men in a slow dance of feint and attack.

Messages had been sent; Arthur might

well have answered the call for parley,

had the situation been different. But

Gawain commanded half of Britain's

army, and he raged at the thought of

dealing with a murderer. He would not

forget for a moment that he had lost his

most beloved kin.

So would they all, in the days to

come, though none yet knew it. Back

Read another story. It is a chapter in a novel. Pay

attention to the story. What kind of novel it is.

across the sea, Arthur's broad domain

had been left in the care of Sir Mordred.

This soft-spoken, intense man had

earned himself a great deal of respect

and support among the British elite; he

ruled con

fi

dently in Arthur's absence,

and made dif

fi

cult decisions without

apology. He strengthened his ties with

the new generation of rulers, those sons

and nephews who had inherited the

power of their battle-scarred elders.

And it had been Mordred, after all, who

exposed Guinevere's scandalous affair.

Many praised him for his boldness...

and many more could see the bene

fi

t of

a young unmarried king. It was not long

before a new crown was fashioned, set

with the glittering wealth of the land,

and laid across the brow of Morgan Le

Fay's eldest son.

Arthur received an urgent dispatch

from those at Camelot still loyal to him.

Weeks had already passed, and King

Mordred had no doubt tightened his

grip on the reins of power. Whatever

else he was, Mordred was as brilliant as

Arthur in his own way – he was certainly

prepared for civil war. Even Sir Gawain

could not ignore the danger; Mordred's

warriors would be fresh, unwearied by

months of combat. And a land could

have only one High King.

Activity

3

202

Developing English Competencies

for Grade XII of Language Programme

The order was given. Men struck

camp and prepared to march out of Sir

Lancelot's reach. Their route would take

them back toward the coast; past the

fearful stares of the local peasants, for the

British were still strangers to Lancelot's

people. King Arthur's faithful ship

Prydwen would lead them back across

1. Describe in detail the elements below.

a. The characters

b. The setting

c. The con

fl

ict of the story

2. Mention the places where the story takes place.

3. Determine the parts of the plot.

4. Determine the point of view used in the story.

Work in groups of four and have a discussion on the

elements of the story in Activity 3.

the sunlit waters... back to the green and

precious

fi

elds of their homeland. Back

to where they would meet their British

kin in war.

Back to the battle

fi

eld of Camlann,

where both father and son would fall.

Taken from

www.heatherdale.com

1. What is the poster about?

2. What kind of books are there?

3. Identify the kinds of books in the poster.

Source:

Publisher's Weekly

, 2001

Look at and study the following poster advertisement.

Then answer the questions.

Activity

4

Activity

5

203

A Powerful Character

Now, read the following speech taken from a famous

literary work. Then, explain what this text means in

your own words.

To be, or not to be : that is the question:

Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer

The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,

Or to take arms against a sea of troubles, And by opposing

end them? To die: to sleep;

No more; and by a sleep to say we end

The heart-ache and the thousand natural shocks

That

fl

esh is heir to, 'tis a consummation

Devoutly to be wish'd. To die, to sleep;

For who would bear the whips and scorns of time,

The oppressor's wrong, the proud man's contumely,

The pangs of despised love, the law's delay,

The insolence of of

fi

ce and the spurns

That patient merit of the unworthy takes,

To grunt and sweat under a weary life,

But that the dread of something after death,

The undiscover'd country from whose bourn

With this regard their currents turn awry,

And lose the name of action.–Soft you now!

The fair Ophelia! Nymph, in thy orisons

Be all my sins remember'd.

Shakespeare

Taken from

www.americanrhetoric.com

1. What does the speech talk about?

2. What kind of speech is it?

3. On what occasion was the speech delivered?

4. How does Shakespeare begin the speech?

5. What does he say to the audience?

6. What do you think of the language that he used?

7. How is the end of the speech?

8. What do you think of the speech? Is it good or not?

Read and study the speech once more and answer the

following questions.

Activity

6

Activity

7

204

Developing English Competencies

for Grade XII of Language Programme

Writing

In this section, you will learn how to:

identify the elements of stories or novels;

write a short story and a novel;

rewrite stories from different points of view.

Answer these questions.

1. What do you know about points of view?

2. Mention the available points of view.

3. Which one is the most common in a story?

4. What do you know about the setting?

5. What does the setting of place mean?

6. What does the setting of time mean ?

7. Why are they important?

Read and study the following information about point

of view in a story.

Types of Point of View

In the

fi

rst person point of view, the narrator

does participate in the action of the story. When

reading stories in the

fi

rst person, we need to

realize that what the narrator is recounting

might not be the objective truth.

With the objective point of view, the writer tells

what happens without stating more than can be

inferred from the story's action and dialogue.

Here the narrator does not participate in the

action of the story as one of the characters, but

lets us know exactly how the characters feel. We

learn about the characters through this outside

voice

First person point of view

Objective point of view

Third person point of view

Activity

1

Activity

2

205

A Powerful Character

Read these excerpts from short stories. Which of them is

a

fi

rst-person narrative? Which of them is a third-person

narrative?

The Defarges, husband and wife,

came lumbering under the starlight,

in their public vehicle, to that gate of

Paris whereunto their journey naturally

tended. There was the usual stoppage

at the barrier guardhouse, and the

usual lanterns came glancing forth for

the usual examination and inquiry.

Monsieur Defarge alighted: knowing

one or two of the soldiery there, and one

of the police. The latter he was intimate

with, and affectionately embraced.

When Saint Antoine had again

enfolded the Defarges in his dusky

wings, and they, having

fi

nally alighted

near the Saint’s boundaries, were picking

their way on foot through the black mud

and offal of his streets, Madame Defarge

spoke to her husband:

“Say then, my friend; what did

Jacques of the police tell thee?”

Taken from

”Still Knitting” in Microsoft Encarta

Premium,

2008

I spent the whole morning reading

the papers. Strange things are happening

in Spain. I read that the throne has been

left vacant and that the nobility are

having a great deal of trouble choosing

an heir, with the result that there’s a lot of

civil commotion. This strikes me as very

strange. They’re saying some “donna”

must succeed to the throne. But she can’t

succeed to the throne: that’s impossible.

A king must inherit the throne. And

they say there’s no king anyway. But

there must be a king. There can’t be

a government without one. There’s a

king all right, but he’s hiding in some

obscure place. He must be somewhere,

but is forced to stay in hiding for family

reasons, or perhaps because he’s in

danger from some foreign country,

such as France. Or there may be another

explanation

Taken from

Diary of a Madman” in Microsoft Encarta

Premium,

2008

Text 1

Text 2

Activity

3

206

Developing English Competencies

for Grade XII of Language Programme

Study the following information and its explanation.

Narratives are about events in the past and the storyteller

must be able to use a number of different past tenses to

represent things that happened in the past.

F

or example we use past perfect tense. We use this tense

for events which were completed before the main events

of the story. We form this tense in this way:

had +

past tense form of the main verb

play – had played

Example:

The Trojans

had

fi

nished

their banquet when they fell a

sleep.

This means that the Trojans

fi

nished their banquets before

they went to sleep.

Grammar

Review

Past Perfect Tense

The Past Perfect Tense expresses an activity that

was completed before another activity or time in the

past.

Examples:

1.

My

father

had already eaten

by the time I got

home.

2.

Until yesterday, I

had never heard

that story.

3.

The thief simply walked in. Someone

had forgotten

to lock the door.

I

f either

before

or

after

is used in the sentence, the

past perfect is often not necessary because the time

relationship is already clear.

Example

Andi read the book before I got there.

The sentence have

the same meaning with

Andi had already read the book

before I got there.

Activity

4

207

A Powerful Character

Write down the events which occurred

fi

rst in the

following sentences. Here are some sentences which

use the past or past perfect tense.

Example:

The Trojans

had fallen

asleep

when

the trapdoor opened.

1. The Trojan army attacked after they had unloaded

their weapons.

2. King Arthur had beaten his enemies and now he was

a king.

3. The soldiers had checked out the horse before they

fode them.

4. Alice had eaten the cake and now she was ten feet

tall.

5. The Greeks sailed to Troy when the y had trained the

soldiers for war.

6. All the Trojans had fallen asleep when a secret

trapdoor in the side of the giant horse opened

silently.

Read and study the following explanation.

One of the elements that a

fi

ction writer uses to draw

in the reader is the setting of the work—the time and place

that the story occurs.

Time as an aspect of setting is something we

sometimes overlook. But time is as important as place;

Jakarta of 2005 is a very different place from Jakarta of

1845 or 2145. Different time periods have different looks

and atmospheres, even if most of the buildings are the

same. And even a few years can make a difference—how

has the Jakarta of today changed from the Jakarta of 2000?

Not only has the landscape changed, but so has the feeling

of being in that city.

Of course, what year it happens to be is not the only

temporal aspect of setting to consider. How might the

time of year change both the physical setting and the

atmosphere? And what about the time of day?

Activity

5

Activity

6

208

Developing English Competencies

for Grade XII of Language Programme

Read the following texts. Identify the differences in

setting of time between them.

How Icarus Flew too Close to the Sun

This is a well-known story from

Greece, 2,500 years ago. The Ancient

Greeks had lots of stories like this, called

myths. A myth is a story about ancient

gods or heroes. Myths are not true, but

sometimes they teach us something.

On the Greek island of Crete there

lived a brilliant inventor called Daedalus,

with his son, Icarus. For many years,

Daedalus worked happily for King

Minos. But, one day, he made the mistake

of helping one of Minos’ enemies. Minos

was so furious that he threw Daedalus

and Icarus in prison.

Daedalus still had to work for Minos

in prison. He also had to train Icarus,

because Minos wanted Icarus to design

more wonderful inventions for Minos

to use. But Daedalus did not like being

forced to work, so he devised a plan to

escape with his son.

Daedalus knew they could not

escape by sea or by land, as Minos would

send men after them. Although humans

had never

fl

own before, Daedalus was

clever enough to invent a way to

fl

y.

Secretly he built some wings, using sticks

and feathers,

fi

xed with wax.

Finally, they were ready. Daedalus

gave Icarus very clear instructions.

“Don’t

fl

y too low or too high. If you do,

the waves will soak the feathers or the

sun will melt the wax.”

Daedalus had made the wings so

well that

fl

ying was easy. Like birds,

they

fl

ew away from their prison. But

soon Icarus was showing off. He began

to

fl

y dangerously high. “This is fun!

I’m as clever as the gods!” he shouted

boastfully. Higher and higher he

fl

ew.

Icarus should not have been so

boastful. He

fl

ew so high that the sun

melted the wax, the wings fell apart and

he fell to his death in the sea below.

Taken from

How Icarus Flew too Close to the Sun”

in English Tests: Help Your Child Succeed at Key Stage 2,

1999

How Icarus Failed to Escape from Prison

On the Greek island of Crete there

lived a brilliant inventor called Daedalus,

with his son, Icarus. For many years,

Daedalus worked happily for the ruler

of Crete, Minos. But, one day, he made

the mistake of selling the technology of

Text 1

Text 2

Activity

7

209

A Powerful Character

his invention to Minos’ enemies. Minos

was so furious that he threw Daedalus

and Icarus in prison.

Daedalus still had to work for Minos

in prison. He also had to train Icarus,

because Minos wanted Icarus to design

more wonderful inventions for Minos

to use. But Daedalus did not like being

forced to work, so he devised a plan to

escape with his son.

Daedalus knew they could not

escape by sea or by land, as Minos would

send the navy and the army after them.

Nevertheless, Daedalus was clever

enough to invent a way to

fl

y. Secretly

he built a helicopter.

Finally, they were ready. Daedalus

gave Icarus very clear instructions.

“Don’t

fl

y too low or too high. If you

fl

y

too high, Minos’ radar will detect your

helicopter. If you

fl

y too low, Minos’

marine troops will easily shoot you

down.”.

Daedalus had made the helicopter

so well that

fl

ying was easy. Like birds,

they

fl

ew away from their prison. But

soon Icarus was showing off. He began

to

fl

y dangerously high. “This is fun!

I’m as clever as the gods!” he shouted

boastfully. Higher and higher he

fl

ew.

Icarus should not have been so

boastful. He

fl

ew so high that the radar

of Minos’ air force soon detected him.

They sent an aircraft to chase Icarus. It

fi

red a missile at Icarus’ helicopter. The

helicopter fell apart and Icarus fell to his

death in the sea below

Adapted from

”How Icarus Flew too Close to the Sun”

in

English Tests: Help Your Child Succeed at Key Stage 2,

1999

Now, write your own story. Use the the elements of the

story you have learned, such as setting and point of

view. You may use this short guidelines.

Step 1 Prepare your story

1. Decide what issue you want to illustrate

2. Decide the characteristics of each character in your

story.

3. Make notes about the problems of each character and

how the character resolves them.

Step 2 Write a

fi

rst draft

Step 3 Edit your work

1. Check your writing for spelling, punctuation,

presentation

2. Make any necessary changes

3. Ask your friends or teacher to proofread your

work.

Activity

8

210

Developing English Competencies

for Grade XII of Language Programme

1.

Language Functions

Expressions of Preferences

• I

prefer

watch movie

to

read a novel.

2.

Drama

Drama is the speci

fi

c mode of

fi

ction represented in performance. It is derived from

a Greek word meaning "action" derived from "to do". Dramas are performed in

various media: theatre, radio,

fi

lm, and television.

3.

Movie

To compare the current movie you’re reviewing to one that is already on video/cable

or has been around for dozens of years is a very common practise. This shows that

you know about movies and allows people who have seen the earlier movie to know

what you’re writing about.

4.

Short Story

Humans have been telling stories ever since they

fi

rst started to use language. Story or

narrative act as a form of entertainment and as a way of exploring issues in our society.

The

fi

ve stages of a narrative are orientation, evaluation, coda and resolution.

Chapter Summary

After learning the lesson in this chapter, you are expected to be able to:

1. listen and respond to movie reviews;

2. listen and respond to contemporary dramas;

3. learn how to act or perform in a drama;

4. read speeches of a famous people;

5. read and elaborate short stories and novels;

6. learn the elements of stories and novels;

7. rewrite stories from different points of view.

Now, answer the questions:

1.

What do you know about drama, movies reviews, short stories and novels? Which

do you prefer?

2. What are the elements of a drama or a play? Explain them brie

fl

y? Find a script of

contemporary drama and identify its elements.

3. What is the structure of a narrative (story and novel)? Explain them.

If you

fi

nd some dif

fi

culties, consult with your teacher or discuss with your friend.

Learning Re

fl

ection

211

You are going to listen to some short

dialogues. Questions 1–5 are based on

the dialogues. Choose the best response

to the expression you hear.

1. a. You’re not alone.

b. Never mind.

c. It’s good you admitted that.

d. Apology accepted

2. a. You’d better keep your promise.

b. I do apologise.

c. I honestly regret doing this.

d. That wasn’t true.

3. a. That's awful.

b. I don’t like it.

c. No, mine’s been terrible, too.

d. I can’t stand it.

4. a. I’ll consider that.

b. Come on.

c. Don’t give up.

d. I wouldn’t do that if I were you.

5. a. I’ll consider that.

b. Oh, OK I guess.

c. Well, be patient.

d. Thank you for telling me.

Que

s

tions 6–9 are based on the listening

text you are going to hear.

6. What does the text talk about?

a. A

À

lm entitled Life of Pi.

b. A cartoon series entitled Life of

Pi.

c. A book entitled Life of Pi.

d. A zookeeper named Pi.

7. How old is Pi?

a. 16 years old

c. 6 years old

b. 60 years old

d. 26 y

ears old

8. Where does Pi’s father plan to move?

a. To India.

b. To the USA.

c. To Canada.

d. To the Paci

À

c Ocean.

9. What happens to Pi’s ship?

a. It capsizes in the middle of the

Paci

À

c Ocean.

b. It is wrecked off the coast of

Africa.

c. It hits rocks in a storm.

d. It hits an iceberg.

Questions 10–12 are based on a poem

you are going to hear.

10. What is the theme of the poem?

a. Environmental.

b. Love and friendship.

c. Feelings or emotions.

d. Creatures.

11. What is the

rhyme of the poem in the

À

rst lines you hear?

a. a–a–b–b–a c. a–b–a–b–a

b. a–b–a–a–b d. a–b–b–a–b

12. In the second line, Frost said 'some

say in ice'. He uses

in this

poem.

a. simile c.

metaphor

b. symbol d. personi

À

cation

A. Listening

Listen carefully to the tape to answer the questions.

Review

2

212

Developing English Competencies

for Grade XII of Language Programme

B. Reading

Answer the questions by choosing the best answer.

Questions 13 - 17 are based on this text.

The Frog Prince

One

À

ne evening a young princess

put on her bonnet and clogs, and went

out take a walk by herself in a wood;

and when she came to a cool spring

of water with a rose in the middle of

it, she sat herself down to rest a while.

Now she had a golden ball in her hand,

which was her favourite plaything; and

she was always tossing it up into the air,

and catching it again as it fell.

After a time she threw it up so high

that she missed catching it as it fell; and

the ball bounded away, and rolled along

on the ground, until at last it fell down

into the spring. The princess looked into

the spring after her ball, but it was very

deep, so deep that she could not see

the bottom of it. She began to cry, and

said, “Alas! If I could only get my ball

again, I would give all my

À

ne clothes

and jewels, and everything that I have

in the world.”

Whilst she was speaking, a frog

put its head out of the water, and said,

“Princess, why do you weep so bitterly?”

“Alas!” said she, “What can you do for

me, you nasty frog? My golden ball has

fallen into the spring.” The frog said, “I

do not want your pearls, and jewels, and

À

ne clothes; but if you will love me, and

let me live with you and eat from your

golden plate, and sleep on your bed, I

will bring you your ball again.”

Taken from

366 and More Fairy Tales,

1990

13. What is the text about?

a. A young princess and her

bonnet.

b. A young princess in a cool spring

of water.

c. A young princess with a golden

ball in her hand.

d. The frog prince.

14.

What type of text is used by the

writer?

a. Narrative.

b. Argumentative.

c. Descriptive.

d. Hortatory exposition.

15. The communicative purpose of this

text is

a. to describe a young princess

with a golden ball

b. to amuse or to entertain the

readers

c. to tell about our opinion about a

young princess and her bonnet

d. to persuade the readers to do

something

16. Paragraph 1

a. tells an orientation

b. poses a thesis

c. shows an abstract

d. gives a general classi

À

cation

213

Review 2

The Princess Diaries

Meg Cabot

HarperCollins

Young Adult

ISBN: 0380814021

304 pages

As the hilariously funny tale

called

The Princess Diaries

begins, Mia

Thermopolis is just a regular high

school freshman at Albert Einstein High

School. Well, as regular as you can be

when you live in a loft in downtown

New York with your

Á

ighty artist Mom.

And as regular as you can be when your

best friend is Lilly, a punky and spunky

militant about everything type who

produces her own TV show.

As readers can guess from the

title, this book takes the form of a

diary, written by Mia. Over the span

of a month, she relates her daily woes

and embarrassments in heart breaking

detail. As with most teenaged girls, Mia

thinks she is hopeless, looks-wise. She’s

tall – 5’9”– and klutzy, and not so gifted

in the chest department.

Then there is school. One of Mia’s

biggest problems is the fact she is

Á

unking Algebra and, to make matters

worse, her Mom has begun dating her

teacher. Gross.

In the boy issue department, the

cutest one in school has the locker next

to hers, but doesn’t even know Mia

exists, even as his snooty girlfriend

Lana, a popular cheerleader, torments

her. And to top it off, Mia is developing

some sort of weird crush on Michael,

Lilly’s computer nerd brother.

Then one day, Mia

À

nds out she is

a princess. Okay, I know that doesn’t

sound bad to most girls, but Mia hates

the idea instantly. How does this

fairytale come true? Her father is ruler

of the principality of Genovia and since

Mia is his only child, she is next in line

to the throne. Her dad sends in the

big guns to convince Mia that being

a princess is what she is meant to do:

her formidable grandmother comes to

New York give Mia “Princess Lessons”.

And as the word spreads around Albert

Einstein High School that Mia is royalty,

her life just gets more crazy.

The ending of

The Princess Diaries

is

a twisty one and will leave you jonesing

for more stories of Mia and the rest of

her friends.

— Reviewed by Jennifer Abbots

Taken from

http: www.teenreads.com

Questions 18–23 are based on this text.

17. What does “it” refer to in paragraph

1 line 6?

a. A golden ball.

b. A rose.

c. A cool spring of water.

d. A wood.

214

Developing English Competencies

for Grade XII of Language Programme

18. Who writes The Princess Diaries?

a. Mia Thermapolis.

b. Jennifer Abbots.

c. Meg Cabot.

d. Lilly.

19. Who is the m

ain character of the

novel?

a. Mia Thermapolis.

b. Jennifer Abbots.

c. Meg Cabot.

d. Albert Einstein.

20. She’s tall–5’9’’-and klutzy, and not

so gifted ....

How does a klutzy girl act?

a. She is a shy girl.

b. She is a tough girl.

c. She is a brave girl.

d. She drops things and falls

easily.

21.

... Mia is developing some sort of

weird crush on Michael, Lilly’s

computer

nerd

brother.

A nerd is

.

a. someone who is extremely

interested in computers

b. someone who is fashionable

c. someone who is charming

d. someone who is nervous

22. Who is the reviewer of the novel?

a. Meg Cabot.

b. Jennifer Abbots.

c. Mia Thermopolis

d. Albert Einstein.

23. What is the International Standard

Book Number of

The Princess

Diaries

?

a. 0380814021.

b. 0060294665.

c. 304 pages.

d. 200 pages.

Questions 24–27 are based on this text.

Once when a lion was asleep, a

little mouse began running up and

down upon him; this soon awoke the

lion, who placed his huge paw upon

the mouse, and opened his big jaws to

swallow him.

“Pardon, o King. Forgive me this

time. I shall never forget it: who knows I

may be able to do you a good turn some

of these day?” The lion was so tickled

at the idea of the mouse being able to

help him. Then he lifted up his paw and

let him go.

One day the lion was caught in a

trap. Some hunters who wanted to carry

him alive to the king, tied him to a tree

while they went in search of a wagon to

carry him in. just then the little mouse

happened to pass by and see the sad

plight in which the lion was. The little

mouse went up to him and soon gnawed

away the ropes that bound the king of

the beasts. Soon after the little mouse

had

À

nished gnawing away the ropes,

he asked the lion to run away.

Taken from

UN 2005/2006.

The Lion and the Mouse

215

Review 2

24. Who are the main characters of the

story?

a. The lion and the cat.

b. The lion and the mouse.

c. The lion and the beasts.

d. The lion and the king.

25.

What is the moral lesson from the

text?

a. Don’t look at someone because

of his clothes.

b. It is best to prepare for the days

of necessity.

c. Common people may prove

great one day.

d. United we stand, divided we

fall.

26.

Paragraph three mainly tells that

a. the little mouse asked for for-

giveness

b. the hunter carried the lion alive

to the king

c. the lion was tied to tree by the

hunter.

d. the little mouse could prove that

he could help the lion

27.

What did the little mouse do to prove

his words?

a. He would never forget the lion.

b. He tried hard to help the lion free.

c. He ran up and down upon the lion.

d. He asked for apology to the king

of the beast.

28. Mother :

the slippery road.

Son

: OK. Don’t worry.

a. Be careful to drive on

b. Be proud to go to the

c. It’s wonderful to drive to

d. How nice to walk in

29. Mr Budi : You didn't t

ell your

problem to your mother,

didn't you? Why you

didn't tell it, maybe your

mother has a solution

for it.

Adi

:

.

a. Thanks for telling me, I will do

that.

b. Really?

c. I’m afraid that wasn’t true.

d. Come on.

30. Mira : I have to admit I lost your

book. I do apologise, I'll

change your book with a

new one.

Dita :

.

a. I’ll consider that

b. No use crying over spilt milk

c. It’s good for you admitted that

d. Thank you for telling me

31. Nana : I promise I'll give you a

ring as soon I come back

home.

Ita

:

.

a. That’s right, Nana.

b. You’re not alone.

c. You’d better keep your promise.

d. I’m afraid that wasn’t true.

32. Christopher Paolini began work on

his debut novel Eragon

he was

only 15 years old.

a. if

b. while

c. when

d. because

216

Developing English Competencies

for Grade XII of Language Programme

33. The t

ranslated novel I’m reading

is not as good as we expected. I’m

with the book.

a. excited

b. exciting

c. disappointing

d. disappointed

34. Nina is going to Medan tomorrow.

She has never been there before. She

is really

about going.

a. depressed

b. depressing

c. disappointing

d. excited

35.

its extreme popularity,

SpongeBob has endured much

controversy.

a. Because

b. Despite

c. Although

d. Though

36. The

film wasn’t good. We were

disappointed

the

À

lm.

a. with

c. to

b. of

d. in

37. Adi : What's the matter, Danis?

Danis : I'm t

hinking of leaving

school. I've got to start

earning my living.

Adi :

.

a. I wouldn't do that if I were you.

b. Come on.

c. I have no objection.

d. It's crazy!

38. Nadia :

after leaving

school, Danis?

Danis : I'm thinking of going into

teaching.

a. What's your prediction

b. What's your plan

c. What do you think

d. What do you do

39. Danis : I wish I had studied for

the exam. If I had studied,

I would have passed the

exam.

Nadia :

.

a. I feel the same way.

b. No use crying over spilt milk

c. It's a touching story.

d. I think it's well grounded

40. Adi

: Have you seen

Kuntilanak

?

The film is absolutely

terrible.

Nadia :

. It's extremely

bad.

a. Really?

b. Same here

c. I don't think so.

d. I'm afraid it's not true.

41. Nadia : Have you prepared your-

self for the exam?

Danis : Of course, I have.

the questions will be very

much like the exam of last

year.

a. I plan

b. I intend

c. I hope

d. I predict that

42. Danis

: Who rep

aired the bicycle

for you?

Nadia

: Nobody.

.

a. Dad repaired it

b. Dad and I repaired it

217

Review 2

c. I repaired it myself

d. Why didn't you repair it yourself?

43. Some people are very sel

À

sh. They

only think of

.

a. each other

b. one another

c. themselves

d. them

44. Let's p

aint the house

. It will

be much cheaper.

a. yourselves

b. itself

c. himself

d. ourselves

45. Danis got to the station on time. If he

the train, he would have

been late for his exam.

a. missed

b. has missed

c. had missed

d. has been missing

46. It's good that Nadia reminded me

about Adi's birthday. I

if

she hadn't reminded me.

a. would forget

b. would be forgotten

c. would have forgotten

d. will forget

J.K. Rowling

Bloomsbury 1997

paperback

ISBN 0747532745

223pp

Judging by this

À

rst volume, the

Harry Potter books are a

À

ne addition

to English children's fantasy literature.

Harry Potter, orphaned when his

parents are killed by the evil wizard

Voldemort, is taken in by his aunt and

uncle, who are Muggles — ordinary,

non-magical people. Harry is rather

out of place there, but things improve

greatly for him when he goes to the

Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and

Wizardry — except that one of the staff

is in league with Voldemort.

Part of the attraction of

Harry Potter

and the Philosopher's Stone

comes from

the familiar but at the same time exotic

setting of an English public school,

complete with houses and schoolboy

adventures, in which Harry and his

friends Ron and Hermione struggle

to save the world and win the house

cup.

So

Harry Potter and the Philosopher's

Stone

will be a great Christmas present

for kids who haven't read it yet — and

it is a book that adults (at least those

without stunted imaginations) can read

as well.

A book review by Danny Yee © 2000

http://dannyreviews.com/

Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone

C. Read the following book review and answer the questions.

218

Developing English Competencies

for Grade XII of Language Programme

1. What is the title of the book being

reviewed?

2. Who is the author of the book?

3. Who is the protagonist of the novel?

4. What makes the book attractive?

5. Where is the setting of

Harry Potter

and the Philosopher's Stone

?

6. What makes it better?

7. Who is the reviewer of the book?

8. What do you think of the review?

Preparation

by Robert Frost

Last fall I saw the farmer follow

The plow that dug the long dark

furrows

between the hillslope and the hollow

And winter long the land lay fallow

The woodchuck slept within his

burrow

And heard no hound or farm boy's

hallow

Tonight the rain drives its dark arrows

Deep in the soil, down to its marrow

The arrows of the sun tomorrow

1. According to stanza 1, what did the

writer see the farmer follow? When

did the farmer do this?

2. According to stanza 2, what "lay

fallow," and what slept? What

season does this stanza mention?

3. According to stanza 3, where does

the rain drive its arrows?

4. In what season do you think the

third stanza takes place? How do

you know?

5. How do the farmer, the land,

and the woodchuck make their

"preparations"? What is each getting

ready to do?

D. Read the following poem and answer the questions.

219

219

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Sumii, Sue. 2006.

The River with No Bridge

. Tokyo: Tuttle.

Swan, Michael. 2005.

Practical English Usage

. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Sweerey, Simon. 2003.

English for Business Communication

. Melbourne: Cambridge University

Press.

The World Book Encyclopedia.

2007. Chicago: World Book.

The World Book Student Discovery Encyclopedia

. 2006. Chicago: World Book.

220

Developing English Competencies

for Grade XII of Language Programme

Turton, ND and JB Heaton. 1999.

Longman Dictionary of Common Errors. Harlow

: Addison

Wesley Longman.

Walker, Sharon. 2007.

Biotechnology Demisti

À

ed

. New York: McGraw-Hill.

CD-ROM

Microsoft Encarta Premium,

2008

Perodicals

Publishers Weekly,

October 31, 2005

The Economist,

August 21–27, 2004

Websites

http://en.wikipedia.org/

http://www.georgia.libvt.us/

http://www.aesopfables.com/

http://www.arboreturn.fullerton.edu/

http://www.antelopepublishing.com/

http://www.amazon.com/

http://www.britishcouncil.org/

http://www.diagwatercycle.com/

http://www.ecgc.ca/

http://www.ebaying.com/

http://www.englishclub.com/

http://www.ff.books.co.uk/

http://www.geocities.com;www.ebayimg.com/

http://www.library.thinkquest.org/

http://www.ncrtl.org/

http://www.nicholassparks.com/

http://www.njyac.org/

http://www.sxc.hu/

http://www.static

Á

ickr.com/

http://www.ucas.edu/

http://ww.ucas.edu/

221

Photo Credits

Chapter 1

page 1

Indonesian Children's Favorite Stories,

2005

page 4

http://www.georgia.libvt.us

page 10

http://www.aesopfables.com

page 11

CD Image

page 15

Publishers Weekly,

October 31, 2005

Chapter 2

page 23

http://http://nhn.ou.edu

page 26

http://http://www.arboreturn.fullerton.edu

page 27

http://www.yuw.com.au/

page 28

The Oxford Children’s Pocket Encyclopedia,

2000

http://www.ucas.edu/

Science and Technology Encyclopedia,

2006

page 33

http://www.yuw.com.au/

page 35

Geographica’s Pocket World Reference

, 2005

page 36

Geographica’s Pocket World Reference

, 2005

page 37

http://www.ucas.edu/page

38

http://www.library.thinkquest.org/

page

39

http://www.arboreturn.fullerton.edu/

page

40

http://en.wikipedia.org

page

45

http://www.ecgc.ca/

http://www.diagwatercycle.com/

Chapter 3

page 47

http://www.senatordavidnoris.com/

page

49

www.moran-mountain.co

page 50

Cloning: Frontiers of Genetic Engineering,

2006

page

56

Pilar Magazine, 2001

page

57

www.sxc.hu

www.static

Á

ickr.com

page 58

Sociology in Our Times,

2001

page

60

Sociology in Our Times,

2001

page 65

CD Image

Chapter 4

page 71

http://www.che.utulsa.edu/

page 72

http://www.write.soirit.net/

page

77

http://www.uga.edu/

page 83

http://www.kejut.com/

http://www.achievment.org/

http://www.dayton.hq.nasa.gov/

Chapter 5

page

93

http://www.scottish.parliament.uk

page

101

CD Image

page 104

http://www.freewebs.com/animalrights

222

Developing English Competencies

for Grade XII of Language Programme

Review 1

page

122

Microsoft Encarta Reference Library,

2008

Chapter 6

page

123

http://www.scan.tucoo.com

page

129

Publisher's Documentation

page

132

http://www.britishcouncil.org

page 134

http://www.geocities.com;www.ebayimg.com

Chapter 7

page

145

http://www.moviegoods.com

page

149

http://www.amazon.com/

page

155

http://www.amazon.com/

http://www.amazon.com/

page

156

http://www.amazon.com/

page 157

The World Book Encyclopedia

,2007;

The

Brothers Karamazov,

1992;

Monday or Tuesday:

Eight Stories,

1997

page

158

http://www.ff.books.co.uk/

page

159

contentreserve.com; www.njyac.org

page 162

http://www.nicholassparks.com/

Chapter 8

page

167

On Nothing,

2005

; Selected Poems,

2005,

Life

Sentences,

2004

page

168

Publisher's Documentation

dwottawa.

À

les.wordpress.com

page

173

Publisher's Documentation

Chapter 9

page

189

http://www.wheatley.park.oxon.uk

page

190

http://www.movieposters.com/

page

191

http://www.allposters.com/

page

192

http://www.moviereview.boston.com/

http://www.britishcouncil.org/

page 194

http://www.movieposters.com/

page

202

Publisher's Weekly,

2001

223

Glossary

abortion

/əˈbɔrʃn/

(

n

) an operation on a

pregnant woman so that she will not have

a baby

actor

/'

æktə

(r)/(

n

) a person who acts on

the stage, on television or in

À

lms.

against

/əˈgɛnst/

(

n

) touching or leaning

on sb/sth for support

argument

/ˈargyumənt:/

(

n

) an angry

discussion between two or more people

who disagree with each other

ban

/

bæn

/ (v): to prohibit especially by

legal means (ban discrimination); also

: to prohibit the use, performance, or

distribution of (ban a book; ban a pesticide)

biodiversity

/

baɪəʊdaɪˈvɜ:sɪti

/ (

n

):

biological diversity in an environment as

indicated by numbers of different species of

plants and animals

catastrophe

/

ˈkə:tæstrəfi

/ (

n

): a terrible

event in which there is a lot of destruction

or many people are injured or die

chorus

/'

kɔ:rəs/

(

n

)

:

a part of asong that is

sung after each verse.

climate

/

ˈklaɪmɪt

/ (

n

): the average course

or condition of the weather at a place

usually over a period of years as exhibited

by temperature, wind velocity, and

precipitation

clone

/

kləʊn

/ (

ɳ

): to make an exact copy

of an animal or plant by taking a cell rom it

and developing it arti

À

cially

excerpt

/'

eksɜ:pt/

(

ɳ

) a passage or extract

from abook,

À

lm, plece of music, etc.

exciting

/ɪkˈsaɪt̺ ɪŋ/

(adj) causing strong

feelings of pleasure and interest that’s very

exciting news

fate

/fe

ɪ

t/ (

n

): force predetermining events

fragile

/

ˈfrædʒaɪl

/ (adj): easy to break,

damage, or harm, usually because delicate

or brittle

fragrance

/

ˈfreɪgrəns

/ (

n

): a pleasant smell

genetic engineering

/

dʒə

'

netik,

endʒɪˈnɪərɪn/

(

n

) the delioberate changing

of inherited features by altering the

structure or position of individual genes.

gender

/

ˈdʒendə

/ (

n

): the sex of a person

or organism, or of a whole category of

people or organisms

global warming

/

̩gləʊbl ˈwɔ:mɪŋ

/ (

n

):

an increase in the world’s temperatures,

believed to be caused in part by the

greenhouse effect and depletion of the

ozone layer

hail

/

heɪl

/ (n): frozen rain that falls in

small hard balls

harmful

/

ˈhɑ:mfʊl

/ (adj): causing damage

or injury

horrible

/

ˈhɒrəbl

/ (adj): very bad, very

unpleasant, or caused by anxiety or fear

about something bad

incite

/

ɪnˈsaɪt

/ (v): to stir up feelings in or

provoke action by somebody

instruction

/

ɪnˈstrʌkʃn

/ (

n

) teaching or

being taught: we offer instructions in all

styles of dance

issue

/

ˈɪʃu

:/ (

n

): a topic for discussion or of

general concern

judge

/

dʒʌdʒ

/ (

n

) to act as a judge in

court of law he said it was the hardest case

he had ever had to judge

judgement

/

ˈdʒʌdʒmənt

/ (

n

) the ability

to form sensible opinions or to make wise

decisions

lesson

/

ˈlɛsn

/ (

n

) a period of time when

you learn or teach sth, ussualy not in

school she teaches piano lesson

legalise

/

ˈlɪˈgəlaɪz

/ (v): to make an activity

legal by making or changing a law

lofty

/

ˈlɒfti

/ (adj): behaving in a falsely

superior or haughty manner

metaphor

/

ˈmetəfə/

(

n

) the imaginatif use

of word or pharese to describe somebody/

something as another object in order to

show that they have the same qualities and

to make the description more forceful.

motive

/

ˈməʊtɪv

/ (

n

): the reason for doing

something or behaving in a particular way

neglect

/

nɪˈglekt

/ (

n

): the failure to give

proper care or attention to somebody or

something

224

Developing English Competencies

for Grade XII of Language Programme

pattern

/

ˈpætn

/ (

n

): a regular or repetitive

form, order, or arrangement

phenomenon

/

fɪ:nɒmɪnən

/ (

n

): a fact or

occurrence that can be observed

platform

/

plæt

f

ɔ:m

/ (

n

): the publicly

plotline

/

plɒtlaɪn

/ (

n

): the plot

or storyline in a book or dramatic

presentation, or the dialogue needed to

develop the plot

plot

/

plɒt

/ (

n

): events in the story of

À

lm,

novel, etc.

purpose

/

ˈ

p

ə

rp

ə

s/ (

n

) having an aim or

plan and acting according to it: A good

leader inspires people with a sense of

quit

/

kwɪt

/ (v): to give up, leave, or resign

from a position or organization

rainfall

/

ˈreɪnfɔ:l

/ (

n

): the amount of rain

that falls in a particular location over a

particular period of time

require

/

rɪˈkwaɪə

/ (v): to be in need of

something or somebody for a particular

purpose

restriction

/

rɪˈstrɪkʃən

/ (

n

): something that

limits or controls something else

revive

/

rɪˈvaɪv

/ (v): to come, or bring

somebody, back to life, consciousness, or

full strength

rhyme /

raɪm/

(

n

) the quality shared by

words or syllables that have or end with at

the end with the same sound as each other,

especially when such words,etc are used at

the ends of lines of poetry.

romance

/

rəʊˈmæns

/ (

n

): a love affair,

especially a brief and intense one

scary

/

ˈskeəri

/ (adj.): causing fear or alarm

scene

/

si:n

/ (

n

): a view of a place or an

activity, especially one presented in a

painting or photograph

script

/

skrɪpt/

(

n

) a written text of a play,

À

lm, broadcast, talk,etc.

setting

/

ˈsetɪŋ

(

n

) a set of surroundings;

the place at whigh something happens

severe

/

sɪˈvɪə

/ (adj): very harsh or strict

shift

/

ʃɪft

/ (

n

): a change in position,

direction, makeup, or circumstances

short-list

/

ˈʃɔ:tlɪst

/ (v.): to put somebody

or something on a

À

nal list of candidates

for a position or award

speech

/

spi:tʃ

/ (

n

): the ability to speak

splendid /

ˈspɪendɪd

/ (adj): impressive

because of quality or size

split

/

splɪt

/ (v): to divide something or be

divided lengthwise into two or more parts,

usually by force

statue

/

ˈstætʃu:

/ (

n

): a three-dimensional

image of a human being or animal that is

sculpted, modelled, cast, or carved

stuff

/

stʌf

/ (v): to

À

ll something by

pushing things into it

tempting

/

ˈtemtɪŋ

/ (adj): causing craving

or desire to arise

terrestrial

/

təˈrestriəl

/ (adj): relating to

Earth rather than other planets

theme

/

ɵ

i:m/

(

n

) the subject of a talk, a

piece of writing or person's thoughts; a

topic;

unborn

/

̩ʌnˈbɔ:n

/ (adj): not yet born, but

usually already conceived and gestating

veil

/

veɪl

/ (

n

): a length of fabric, usually

sheer, worn by women over the head and

face as a concealment or for protection

vein

/

veɪn

/ (

n

): any of the blood vessels

that carry blood to the heart

wander

/

ˈwɒndə

/ (v): to move from

place to place, either without a purpose or

without a known destination

wonderful

/

ˈwʌndərfl

/ (adj) very good

giving great pleasure what wandeful

weather! it’s a wondeful opportunity

wisdom

/

ˈwɪzdəm

/ (

n

): the knowledge

and experience needed to make sensible

decisions and judgments, or the good sense

shown by the decisions and judgments

made

225

Index

Index of Subjects

abortion 58-64

accuse 23-25, 30-32, 46

acid rain 36-38, 40

advantage 23-25, 30-32, 46

advertisement 5, 10, 15, 51

advise 131

after 18-20

againts 51, 61, 69-70, 96, 98

announcement 21

argument 69-70, 95, 105-106, 114

attitude 47-48, 52

audience 114

before 18-20

blame 23-25, 30-32, 46

character 5, 10, 15, 127, 142, 198-199

complain 23-25, 30-32

complication 15, 22, 144

conclusion 51, 57, 61, 69, 70, 112, 114

criticise 123-126, 128-130, 144

curiosity 47-49, 52-54, 70

cycle 23, 26-29, 33, 40

debate 93-114

deter 23-25, 30-32, 46

diagram 45

disadvantage 23-25, 30-32, 46

discussion 47-70

encourage 123-126, 128-130, 144

explanation 23-46

for 51, 61, 69-70, 96, 98

genetic engineering 50-51

hope 123-126, 128-130, 144

intonation 72, 74, 77, 86

issue 58, 61, 70, 98

judgement 145-148, 151-154, 166

narrative 1-22, 123-144

noun phrase 138

opponent 58-59

orientation 15, 22, 144

passive voice 42-44

persuade 123-126, 128-130, 144

phenomenon 41, 46

point of view 204-205

possibility 47-49, 52-54, 70

prederict 146-151

presentation 94-112

promise 24-30

proponent 104-114

purpose 146-151

rain 26-29, 33-45

reason 50, 55, 58-70

re

Á

ection 24, 46, 70, 92, 114,

regret 146-151

request 2-8

review 150, 155, 157-166

setting 198, 199, 203-209

speculation 146-151

story 1-22, 123-144, 200-210

suggestion 1-6

summary 22, 46, 70, 92, 114, 144, 166,

188, 210

swear 24-30

technology 65-69

226

Developing English Competencies

for Grade XII of Language Programme

Index of Authors

Alessio, Amy 156

Ann 168

Arnold, Loise 162

Blunt, James 181

Bronte, Emily 179

Cabot, Meg 213

Clark, Mary Higgins 158

Clarkson, Kelly 177

Davidson, Mary Janice 150

Dickinson, Emily 173

Dido 187

Emerson, Ralph Waldo 157

Frank, Joseph 157

Frost, Robert 180, 218

Gill, N.S. 191

Haddock, Peter 4

Herliany, Dorothea Rosa 184

Jovi, Bon 171

Lee, Harper 161

Merwin, W.S. 162

Millay, Edna St.Vincent 169

Modeist, L.E. 162

Paolini, Christopher 152

Philbrick, Rodman 161-162

Rowling, J.K. 217

Shakespeare, William 175, 199

Woodson, Jacqueline 159

Woolf, Virginia 157

Wordsworth, William 169

Yee, Danny 217

227

227

Tapescripts

Chapter 1

Can You Tell Me the Story?

Activity 2

Student : Excuse me. My teacher gave me an

assignment to write a book report.

1

Can you tell me what book I should

read?

Librarian :

2

Sure. Did your teacher set a speci

À

c

book?

Student : Yes. A contemporary novel, actually.

Librarian : Well,

3

I'd like to suggest you read

Life of Pi. The book is great. It’s about

the life of Pi and his great adventure.

I think you should read the book.

Student : That's great.

4

It sounds like a good

suggestion.

5

Do you mind if I borrow

the book now?

Librarian :

6

I have no objection. You can borrow

it for a week.

Student : Thank you, but I think I need it for

a longer period.

7

Would you mind

making a copy of it?

Librarian : Oh,

8

sorry to say that no part of the

book may be copied.

Student : OK.

9

Will you extend the due date

by two weeks?

Librarian :

10

Sure, I will. Here you are.

Activity 4

1. Erwin : Hi, Indra. How are doing?

Indra : Oh, hi, Erwin. I’m

À

ne, thanks.

Actually, I'm a little confused.

Erwin : Why is it so?

Indra : My teacher gave me an assignment

to write a book review. Can you tell

me what book I should review?

2. Rina : Hi, Nadia. How's it going today?

Nadia : Hi, Rina. I'm

À

ne, thank you. How

about you?

Rina : I'm

À

ne, too. Hi, what book is it?

Nadia :

Eragon

by Christopher Paolini.

Rina : It seems interesting. Can you lend

me the book?

3. Susan : Which book are you reading at

the moment?

Harry : Well, as a matter of fact, I'm

reading

The Da Vinci Code

.

Susan : Oh really? Is it interesting?

Harry : Certainly. It's a best seller, you

know.

Susan : May I borrow yours, please?

Activity 5

1.

Why don't you read this book?

2.

What/How about going to the library?

3.

You could (might) join the story telling contest.

4. Would you mind lending me the book,

please?

5.

Can you tell the story?

6.

Could you please bring me the book?

7.

Bring that book to me.

8.

Read this story carefully.

Activity 7

A beggar found a

1

leather purse that

someone had dropped in the marketplace.

Opening it, he discovered that it contained 100

pieces of gold. Then he heard a merchant

2

shout,

"A reward! A reward to the one who

À

nds my

leather purse!"

Being an honest man, the beggar

3

came

forward and handed the purse to the merchant

saying, "Here is your purse. May I have the

reward now?"

"Reward?" scoffed the merchant, greedily

counting his gold. "Why the purse I

4

dropped

had 200 pieces of gold in it. You've already

stolen more than the reward! Go away or I'll

tell

5

the police."

"I'm an

6

honest man," said the beggar

de

À

antly. "Let us take this matter to the court."

In court the judge

7

patiently listened to

both sides of the story and said, "I believe you

both. Justice is possible! Merchant, you stated

that the purse you lost contained

8

200 pieces of

gold. Well, that's a considerable cost. But, the

purse this beggar

9

found had only 100 pieces

of gold. Therefore, it couldn't be the one you

lost."

And, with that, the judge

10

gave the purse

and all the gold to the beggar.

Source:

www.aesopfables.com

228

Developing English Competencies

for Grade XII of Language Programme

Activity 9

Who Is King of the Forest?

When Tiger jumped on Fox, cried out,

How dare you attack the King of the Jungle!"

Tiger looked at him in amazement,

"Nonsense! You are not King!"

"Certainly I am," replied Fox, "All the

animals run from me in terror! If you want,

come with me." Fox went into the forest with

Tiger at his heels. When they came to a herd

of deer, the deer saw Tiger behind Fox and

ran in all directions.

They came to a group of monkeys. The

monkeys saw Tiger behind Fox and they

Á

ed.

Fox turned to Tiger and said, "Do you need

more proof than that? See how the animals

Á

ee at the very sight me?!"

"I'm surprised, but I've seen it with my

own eyes. Forgive me for attacking you,

Great King." Tiger bowed low and with great

ceremony he let Fox go.

Source:

www.aesopfables.com

Activity 10

Intergeneration Foundation Announces

2nd Storytelling Contest

The Intergeneration foundation invites

people of all ages to tell us a story: a

1

narrative

of their family's history or traditions or a

story from their

2

imagination. Whether

À

ction

or non-

À

ction, the story should

3

illustrate

intergeneration needs, connections, relationship

understanding, and feature

4

characters from at

least two generations.

Ideas to inspire and motivate you might be ....

• Favorite family stories

5

handed from generation

to generation

• Stories about intergeneration care giving

and

6

sharing

For further information, visit our

7

website at www.

intergenerationda.org

Chapter 2

How the Water Cycle Works

Activities 2 and 3

Nadia : What’s

1

wrong, Adi? You don't look

very happy.

Adi : I’m not. It's not

2

fair. Look at this.

Nadia : What's that?

Adi : It’s my favourite CD. I

3

lent it to Rifki

and now it is broken.

Nadia : What! What did he do to it?

Adi : He didn't do anything. His sister's dog

4

chewed it. It’s completely destroyed.

Nadia : So? What's the

5

problem? Rifki can buy

you a new CD.

Adi : That's what I think, but he says it’s not

his

6

fault. He says he won't pay for it.

Nadia : What? He has to pay for it.

Adi : Well, he won't pay for it. It’s not fair.

Nadia : Come on, let’s go and talk to him.

Nadia and Adi come to Rifki.

Nadia : Hi, Rifki. Adi has just told me about

his CD.

Rifki : Oh, yes. It’s

7

terrible, isn't? It's my

sister's fault.

Adi : It was your

8

responsibility, Rifki.

Rifki : You have to talk to my sister about it.

Adi : I lent it to you, Rif, not to your sister.

Nadia : That's right, Rif. You should buy Adi a

new CD.

Rifki

: Look,

9

stay out of it, Nadia. It's none of

your business.

Nadia : Yes, it is, Rifki, Adi's my friend.

Rifki : OK. It's my fault, isn't it? I must

10

apologize.

Adi : It's good you

11

admitted that. Apology

12

accepted.

Activity 5

1.

Dani

: What's the matter, Sir?

Teacher : Sit down, Dani. One of your

classmates told me you c

heated.

Dani :

.

2.

Teacher : Is anything wrong, Nana?

Nana

: I do apologize, Sir. I cheated.

Teacher : Apology accepted, but you

have to take another exam.

Nana

: Yes, Sir. I honestly regret doing

this. I promise I won’t do so

next time.

Teacher :

.

3.

Nina

: Nadia, my sister lost the book

you lent me.

Nadia

: You have to pay for it, Nina.

Nina

: OK. It’s my fault, isn’t it?

Nadia :

.

229

Tapescripts

Activities 7, 8 and 9

Activity 11

A. The process that leads to acid rain begins

with the burning of fossil fuels. Burning, or

combustion, is a chemical reaction in which

oxygen from the air combines with carbon,

nitrogen, sulfur, and other elements in the

substance being burned. The acid compounds

are carried by air currents and the wind,

sometimes over long distances. When clouds

or fog form in acid-laden air, they too are

acidic, and so is the rain or snow that falls

from them.

B. Evaporation is an important part of the

earth’s water cycle, the continual movement

of fresh water between the earth’s surface

and its atmosphere. The water rises into

the atmosphere, condenses in clouds, and

falls back to the earth as precipitation. This

precipitation replenishes streams, rivers,

lakes, groundwater reservoirs, and other

freshwater supplies.

C. Carbon cycle is the cycle of carbon usage

by which energy

Á

ows through the earth's

ecosystem. The basic cycle begins when

photosynthesizing plants use carbon

dioxide (CO2) found in the atmosphere

or dissolved in water. Some of this

carbon is incorporated in plant tissue as

carbohydrates, fats, and protein; the rest

is returned to the atmosphere or water

primarily by aerobic respiration.

D.

For more than a century scientists have known

that certain gases in the atmosphere-most

notably water vapor, carbon dioxide, and

methane-contribute to atmospheric warming.

These greenhouse gases, which also include

nitrous oxide and chloro

Á

uorocarbons,

allow about half of the short-wave radiation

in sunlight to pass through the earth’s

atmosphere, heating the earth’s surface. At

the same time, greenhouse gases absorb and

reradiate most of the longer wavelengths of

radiation, such as infrared radiation, which is

emitted by the earth's warmed surface. This

heat-trapping capacity of the atmosphere is

popularly known as the

"

greenhouse effect.

"

Taken from

Microsoft Encarta Reference Library,

2008

Activities 12 and 13

What causes rainfall, where does the water

come from and where does it go? The answers to

these questions lie in the water cycle. The cycle

begins when the sun causes the evaporation of

water from the world’s oceans, lakes and rivers.

The water is changed into small droplets called

water vapor. This evaporated water gathers in

the atmosphere. As this moisture-laden air rises,

it cools and condenses, forming clouds. As the

amount of water vapor grows in the air, rain

clouds form and the water is returned to earth

as precipitation (rain, hail or snow). The water

then

Á

ows back to the rivers, lakes and oceans,

where the process begins all over again

Taken from

SOSE: Studies of Society & Environment,

2000

The water

1

cycle is the never-ending

movement of the earth’s water. Water goes from

2

the ocean to the air to the land and

3

back to the

oceans again. For that reason, its

4

movements

is called a cycle.

This cycle

5

begins when heat from the sun

turns ocean water into

6

water vapour. Water

vapour is water that has become

7

a gas. The

water vapour rises high into

8

the sky, where it

cools off. The cooled water vapour changes into

9

tiny drops of water. The drops are held up in

the sky by rising

10

warm air. When billions of

these drops of water

11

cluster together they form

12

a cloud. The water in the clouds eventually

13

falls to earth as rain. If the water vapour is

14

cold enough, it turns into ice an falls as

15

snow.

Most rain and snow falls into the ocean, but

some falls on

16

land. In time, this water also

17

Á

ows back to the ocean and the

18

cycle starts

again.

Taken from

The World Book Student Discovery Encyclopedia,

2006

230

Developing English Competencies

for Grade XII of Language Programme

Didu : It’s just that? Transgenic maize has the

same taste as common corn.

Tami : It’s not only the reason some fear that

certain types of genetically engineered

crops will further reduce biodiversity in

the cropland. Is that clear?

Didu : Yes, I see the point. By the way, what’s

your opinion on GMO?

Tami : Let me just say that I oppose it, for any

reasons. I wish we could insist on a ban

on GMO.

Dialogue 2

Nisa : Hi. I wonder if you would mind

answering a question for me.

Maya : OK, what’s the question?

Nisa : Do you approve of genetically modi

À

ed

food?

Maya : Well, I don’t think GM food is good for

us.

Nisa : So your answer is “no”.

Maya : That’s right. I’m against it.

Nisa : OK, thank you, Maya.

Maya : No problem.

Activities 7 and 8

Paragraph 1

Genetic engineering, genetic modification,

and gene splicing are terms for the process of

manipulating genes in an organism. It has important

uses, but many people are worried by it.

Paragraph 2

Proponents of genetic engineering argue

that the technology is safe, and that it is necessary

in order to maintain food production that

will continue to match population growth.

However, others argue that food distribution, not

production, is the biggest problem.

Paragraph 3

Others oppose genetic engineering on

the grounds that genetic modification may

have unforeseen consequences in the modi

À

ed

organisms and their environments. The ecological

and environment effects of transgenic plants are

constantly being investigated.

Paragraph 4

Anti-genetic-engineering activists say that

with current recombinant technology there

is no way to ensure that genetically modi

À

ed

organisms will remain under control, and the use

of this technology outside of secure laboratory

environments carries unacceptable risks for the

future.

Chapter 3

Let’s Discuss Some Issues

Activities 2 & 3

N

adia :

1

I wonder what your opinion on abortion

is.

Adi :

2

Let me just say that I oppose it for many

reasons.

Nadia : So, is that why you voted for a president

candidate who is pro-life?

Adi : Yeah.

3

I do hope the government won’t

pass a law legalizing abortion.

Nadia : But I heard the House is discussing

a bill to legalise abortion for medical

reasons.

Adi : Really?

4

I wish the law won’t be misused

by some irresponsible people.

Activity 4

Deni : Hey,

Randi have you ever been mountain

climbing?

Randi :

Yeah. I went a couple of times a few

years ago. Why do you ask?

1

What’s the

plan?

Deni :

2

I'm planning on maybe going this

weekend.

Randi : Really? Where? With whom?

Deni : With Budiman and Heri?

3

They’re

thinking of going to Mount Pangrango.

Randi : Humh. Well, be c

areful! It’s been raining

a lot. You’ve never been climbed before,

have you?

Deni : No. I don't know the

À

rst thing about it.

Budiman and Heri are quite experienced,

though, I guess.

4

I would say we'll get

to the top safety. After all,

5

we can

speculate that the weather will be better

this weekend.

Randi :

Well,

6

I think it’s well grounded. It’s

worth speculating. Yet, if the weather

gets worse,

7

would there be any

possibility of changing the plan? Maybe

you can go camping.

Deni : Hmm.

8

That’s one possibility.

Activity 5

Dialogue 1

Didu : Many people against GMO. I wonder

why?

Tami : I think they don’t like the idea of

eating foods that have been genetically

modi

À

ed.

231

Tapescripts

Paragraph 5

Some fear that certain types of genetically

engineered crops will further reduce biodiversity

in the cropland.

Paragraph 6

Proponents of current genetic techniques as

applied to food plants cite the bene

À

ts that the

technology can have. Proponents like to cite golden

rice that contains elevated vitamin A levels.

Paragraph 7

Many opponents of current genetic engineering

believe the increasing use of genetic modi

À

cation in

major crops has caused a power shift in agriculture

towards biotechnology companies.

Activity 9

Just Say No to GMO

Chapter 4

Delivering a Speech

Activity 2

1. Good morning, Ladies and Gentlemen, ....

2. It is a great honour for me to speak in this

occasion, ....

3. Dear guests, thank you for coming to us today

to celebrate ....

4. Thank you for your kind attention, Ladies and

Gentlemen ....

5. Ladies and Gentlemen, today I'm going to talk

about ....

6. Honourable guests, thank you very much for

giving a chance to speak ....

7. Everybody, on this occasion I would like to

say ....

8. Thank you very much for giving me a chance

to stand here to ....

9. That's all Ladies and Gentlemen, this will be

the end of ....

10. Ladies

and Gentlemen, I would like to thank

to....

Activity 3

Hello everybody, let me have a handful of

minutes of your attention and congratulate our "

À

rst-

born", Natalie, on her 17th birthday, and wish her a

couple of things. Well, to be frank, I am very glad to

be here today and to see her celebrate her birthday

surrounded by friends and close people.

But

À

rst and foremost, Natalie is an amazing

person, and on her birthday I'd like to wish her

simple human happiness. May Natalie's most cher-

ished dreams come true, as we stand up and raise

our glasses for her birthday and happiness.

Activities 4 and 5

I believe that GM technology isn’t needed

to feed the world, as

1

sustainable, organic

farming methods can provide plenty without

the

2

excessive use of chemicals. Using sustainable

and organic farming methods will allow us to

3

repair the damage done by industrial farming,

reducing the excessive use of fertiliser,

4

herbicides

and other man-made chemicals, and making GM

crops

5

redundant. The simple truth is, we don’t

need GM technology."

If you want a future

6

free from GM

food, help us make sure that companies

and governments around the world get the

7

message.

This public

8

service ad is presented by

Friends of Earth.

Adapted from

www.greenpeace.org.uk; Foodwatch

,

2001

Let me start by saying that I am

1

very

proud to be addressing you today as the

students of Toronto University for the last

time. In some

2

moments we shall receive the

diplomas and become the 2005

3

graduates of

the Linguistics faculty, newly-

Á

edged Master

of Arts in Translation.

I

4

guess that after the strain of final

tests, credits and

5

exams, not to mention the

time–consuming graduation theses (and its

nerve–racking presentation), most of us were

6

looking forward

to this moment, when the

studying is over, the diploma is in your pocket

and you are

7

free

to do what you like. But I want

you to

8

look

around you and remember this

moment. Look at your group-mates and

9

your

teachers, because from now on life will scatter

us around

10

the world, and most of us will meet

only at

11

alumni parties. Recall the best moments

of studying that we shared.

232

Developing English Competencies

for Grade XII of Language Programme

So let me wish you luck and

12

perseverance.

I wish you all

13

successes on you life path. I hope

to hear about you well before the alumni party:

when I will be reading the

14

newspaper article

about a breakthrough in translating studies or

about the new President's

15

interpreter, I will

know whom to think of – one of us – graduates

2005.

16

Good luck to us all!

Adapted from

www.speechguru.com

Activity 6

Good morning everybody.

Thank you very much for giving me a

chance to inform you this matter. Did you

know that during the first six months of

Chapter 5

Let’s Have a Debate

Activity 2

Wawan

: So, why are you doing this, Susan?

Susan

: I told you, it’s for charity.

Wawan

: I know - it’s a ‘Save the dolphin’

1

charity, isn’t it?

Ratna

: No, it isn’t. Look, Wawan, it’s all

written here.

Susan

: It’s to raise money for a really old

temple in South America which was

damaged by an

2

earthquake last

year.

Joko

: You’re collecting money for an old

building!

Wawan :

What about collecting money for

people or animals?

Joko

: If you fasted for people I would

sponsor you, but an old place ...

Wawan

:

3

I agree , anyway, there are many

people here in this country that

need help. Why South America?

Joko

: Or what about the animals which

were threatened by the drought in

Africa last month?

Wawan :

4

I think if we give to charity we

should help people or animals.

Susan

: I can see that, but the point is ...

Activity 4

Proponents of animal

1

experimentation

point to hundreds of years of medical advances

made possible by research on animals.

2

Treatments

for heart disease provide just

one example, including open-heart

surgery

,

in which circulatory functions are temporarily

controlled by a heart-lung machine;

3

coronary

bypass to improve blood

Á

ow to the heart

5

muscle; and valve replacement of a defective

heart valve. Techniques and

6

equipment for

kidney dialysis were also developed through

animal experimentation.

More than 30

7

drugs

for treating cancer,

6as well as anticancer radiation

8

therapies,

were

À

rst tested on rats and

9

mice. Vaccines

for diphtheria, measles, smallpox, and many

other previously feared

10

diseases

were

developed through animal

11

research. Organ

transplants, blood transfusions, microsurgery

to

12

reattach

severed limbs—these and other

procedures that save thousands of lives an-

were destroyed in attempt to stop the pandemic

of avian in

Á

uenza? Did you hear that United

Nations coordinator, Dr David Nabarro, estimated

the number of possible human casualties as

5–150 million people? Are you aware that since

its discovery in the 1990's the avian

Á

u has been

contracted by more than 100 people, and one half

of them died?

The truth is that it won't cure an infected

individual, but it will prevent a disease. At the

moment there is no treatment for the human

modi

À

cation of the avian

Á

u. The government

has already purchased some six million doses

of vaccination, so if you apply for vaccination

at his very moment, you are most likely to be

inoculated.

I highly advise that you take care of yourself

right now. The global matters are actually in

the hands of every individual. If everyone will

be immune to the disease, the pandemic won't

break in. You just need to be inoculated in order

to prevent an infection that can kill 150 million

people. Your future and the future of the United

States depend on your choice. Choose life before

it is too late. Choose vaccination. Thank you

2004, approximately 200 million birds died or

233

Tapescripts

nually—were made possible by work on ani-

mals. And not just

13

humans, but dogs, cats,

and other domestic and 14farm

animals have

bene

À

ted from such research, with the devel-

opment of treatments for

16

distemper, rabies,

anthrax, and other diseases of animals.

Taken from

Microsoft Encarta Reference Library

,2008

Activity 5

1. The Case for Using Animals in

Research

The use of animal in medical research

has many practical bene

À

ts. Animal research

has enable researchers to develop treatments

for many diseases such as heart disease and

depression. It would not have been possible

to develop vaccines for diseases like smallpox

and polio without animal research. Every

drug takes today was tried

À

rst on animals.

2.

The Case against Using Animals in

Research

The fact that humans benefit cannot

be used to justify using animals in research

anymore than it can be used to justify

experimenting on other humans. Animals

suffer a lot during these experiments. Animals

have the same right as human do- to be able to

move freely and not to have pain or fear forced

on them. There should be no animals in research

laboratories at all.

Taken from

Interchange Student's Book 3

, 1991

Activity 6

Edy : Hello Fitri. Have you read the headline

news today?

Fitri : Not yet Edi. What’s on?

Edy : Well, it’s about the regulation of capital

punishment. Do you approve of capital

punishment, Fitri?

Fitri : Well, that’s depends.

Edy : What do you mean? You are not sure about

this?

Fitri : No, I’m sure. I mean. It depends on how bad

the crime is. If somebody does something

really terrible, then, yes, I do approve of

capital punishment.

Edy : So you agree with capital punishment, don’t

you?

Fitri : Yes, I agree in certain cases.

Edy : Well, I’m sorry. I think I don’t agree with

you.

Fitri : Why?

Edy : I don’t think killing another person is ever

OK. Where is the sense of humanity?

Fitri : So you don’t agree with capital punishment.

Edy : De

À

netely. I think it’s against human rights.

I’m against it.

Fitri : Well, it’s a matter of opinion.

Activity 7

What Makes a Great Presentation

There are three

1

elements to a great

presentation, content, design and

2

delivery.

Content includes the research and

organization of

3

materials. Design is the

architecture of the sides and the graphical

4

enhancements. Delivery is how you voice

your

5

message. To make the presentation

great, there must be

6

synergy of these three

elements. Each of these elements caries equal

weight and

7

importance. Your presentation

will not be great unless you have all three of

these elements.

There is a process to creating that great

presentation. First, you must

8

create your

content, then design for that content, then

create your delivery

9

strategy and style.

And

À

nally, there’s the delivery. You need

to know the

10

logistics of your meeting and

how to make the

11

audience retain your

message. You need to set clear

12

objectives in

the presentation as well as your

13

expectations

of your audience. They need to

À

nd value in

being in this presentation. Your presentation

needs to be such that what you

14

present

and how you present it causes a change in

15

behavior of your audience.

Adapted from

www.presentersuniversity.com.

234

Developing English Competencies

for Grade XII of Language Programme

Activity 8

Good morning, everybody.

Thank you for your coming today. Now,

I’m here to talk about the design proposal for our

annual school day. My talk will be in three parts

followed by a 30 minutes discussion. I’m going

to start with the background to each proposal-

something about our negotiations with the school

foundation. Then in the second part, I’ll go over

the main characteristics of each proposal. In the

third part, I’ll highlight some keys considerations

we have to bear in mind.

Review 1

Dialogue 1 (Questions 1-5)

1. Ita

: Hi, Nadia. You look tired. Didn’t you

sleep very well last night?

Nadia : I slept OK, but not enough.

Ita :

.

2. Adi

: Will you let me know if she has

returned the book?

Dani :

.

3. Nadia : This book is interesting. The author

wrote it for teenagers. I suggest you

read it.

Adi :

.

4. Maya : The weather is bad. Would there be any

possibilities of changing your plan.

Nisa :

.

5. Adi

: I’m doing a survey on homework. I

wonder if you would mind answering

some questions for me

Nadia :

.

of oppression, will be transformed into an

oasis of freedom and justice.

I have a dream today!

Taken from

http://www.pitt.edu/

Listening text for questions 6–8

Martin Luther King Speech

I am happy to join with you today in

what will go down in history as the greatest

demonstration for freedom in the history of

our nation.

I have a dream that one day this nation

will rise up and live out the true meaning of

its creed: "We hold these truths to be self-

evident, that all men are created equal."

I have a dream that one day even the

state of Mississippi, a state sweltering with

the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat

Listening text for questions 9–10

Nike : I wonder what your opinion on abortion

is.

Andi : Let me just say that I oppose it, for any

reasons.

Nike : Why? I think it’s OK. Abortion is not a

big deal for medical reason.

Andi : I don’t completely agree. Since when

killing a human life is ever OK.

Nike : Since it deal with the human rights too.

Everyone has their own right to have a

baby or not.

Andi : Well, I think you are wrong. Clearly,

that an abortion is against the human

right to live.

Nike : I see. So, is it why you voted for the

president candidate who campaign

pro-life?

Andi : Yeah. I do hope the government won’t

pass a law legalising abortion.

Nike : But I heard the House are discussing

a bill to legalise abortion for medical

reasons.

Chapter 6

It’s a Great Story

Activity 2

1. “Come on you can do it. Just this once.”

2. “How can I persuade you to participate in

the story writing contest?”

3. “Just believe in yourself. I know you can do

your best.”

4. “You’re not going to let me down, are you?”

5. “Don’t worry, I’m sure you’ll do better this

time.”

6. “I don’t think it is a good idea.”

7. “I don’t (particularly) like your story.”

8. “I hope you will do it better next time.”

9. “I don’t think you should do that.”

10. “I wish all the best for you.”

235

Tapescripts

Activity 3

Doni : Hi, Andra. How are you?

Andra : Doni! What a surprise! I’m

À

ne, thanks.

How about you?

Doni : I’m OK and you know ...? I won the short

story contest.

Andra :

1

That's great. Congratulations.

Doni : Thank you.

Andra : Actually I also sent my short story for

he contest. But

2

I failed miserably.

Doni :

3

That’s too bad. But don’t worry about

it. All you need is a little more practise.

Why don't you send your short stories

to a newspaper or magazine?

Andra : Yeah,

5

I'll consider that. But, as a matter of

fact, I’m pessimistic that my story will be

accepted for the newspaper or magazine.

Doni : Come on.

6

Don’t give up!

Andra : OK.

7

I'll try to send my short stories to

the newspaper. Anyway, I'm thinking of

maybe stopping writing short stories.

Doni :

8

I don’t think you should do it.

Andra : Thank you for telling me.

Doni :

9

I do hope that your story will be published

in a newspaper or magazine.

Andra :

10

Well, I hope that so.

Act

ivity 5

1.

Ryan : I have decided not to accept the

scholarship.

2.

Sandy : I think you should try to come to

the speech competition. You speak

English

Á

uently though.

3.

Cindy : I can't do it. The competition will be

tough this year.

4.

Desi : Don't give up now, okay. I know you

can get trhough this.

5.

Ferdy : If I were you I wouldn't do that. Just

think the negative side.

Activities 7 and 8

the time as they were working they

7

wondered

what their father had left for them. In their

minds they pictured boxes of gold coins,

8

diamond necklaces and other such things.

Soon they had

9

dug up every inch of the

vineyard. But they found not a single

10

penny.

They were very upset. They felt that their

hard work had been for

11

nothing. But then

the grapes started to appear on the

12

vines

and their grapes were the biggest and best in

the

13

neighbourhood, and they sold them for

a lot of money. Now they

14

understood what

their father had meant by the great treasure,

and they lived happily and

15

wealthily ever

after.

Taken from

New Headway,

1999

The Farmer and His Sons

There was once an old,

1

dying farmer

who had always worked hard in his

2

vineyard

all his life. Before he died, he wanted to teach

his

3

three sons how to be good farmers. So he

called them to him and said, "My boys, before

I die I want you to know that there is a great

treasure

4

buried in the vineyard. Promise me

that you will

5

look for it when I am dead."

The sons promised and as soon as their

father died, they began looking for the

6

treasure.

They worked very hard in the hot sun and all

Activity 9

Questions

1.

What is the advertisement about?

2.

How much is the prize for the contest?

3.

How will you response to this ad?

Chapter 7

The Book Is Amazing

Activity 2

Dialogue 1

Dudi : Hi, Adi. You look awful. What's wrong

with you?

Adi : I didn’t get much sleep last night. I

À

nished writing the book review. Today

is the deadline for the submission of the

assignment.

Dudi : Why didn't you

À

nish it last week? You

had a plenty of time.

Adi : Actually, I went camping last weekend.

1

I regret it now. I wish I hadn't gone

camping.

2

If I hadn’t gone camping, I had

À

nished writing the book review.

Dudi :

3

No use crying over spilt milk.

Dialogue 2

Dudi :

4

What's your plan after leaving high

school, Adi?

Adi :

5

I’m planning on maybe studying

Indonesian literature. How about you,

Dudi?

Dudi :

6

I'm thinking of going teaching. After

leaving the college, I’m going to go to

Papua. I want to teach the children of this

remote spot.

236

Developing English Competencies

for Grade XII of Language Programme

Adi : Really? It's so far away, Dudi.

7

What do

you want to achieve?

Dudi : Well,

8

I hope I can do something to make

myself useful.

Adi : I just don’t understand you. You're an

only child. What is it that you want?

Dudi : My parents can understand me wanting

to live alone, be independent, and be

useful.

Adi : What makes you want to go to Papua?

You don't have a relative there, do you?

Dudi : No, I don't. This book, The City of Joy, has

inspired me to go to Papua.

9

It's really an

inspiring book.

Adi : What's it about?

Dudi : The novel tells a priest who lives in a slum

in Calcutta. He comes from a country in

Europe. And he tries hard to adapt to

the culture of the people he lives with.

He helps the poor living in the slum. All

people are treated the same.

Adi :

10

It’s a touching story.

Dudi : That's right. It makes me feel like

À

nishing

my school as soon as I can. So I can leave

for Papua.

Adi : Talking of your school, have you prepared

yourself for the admission test?

Dudi : Of course, I have.

11

I predict that the test

will be very much like test of last year.

Adi :

12

I think it’s well grounded. We can

speculate that the questions will follow a

set pattern.

Dudi :

13

It’s worth speculating.

Activity 4

1.

“I regret for being unfriendly and

underestimate you.”

2.

“Next year I’m going to study abroad, you

know!”

3.

“I predict that you will be a

À

rst winner in

this competition.”

4.

“I can say that the book is not interesting at

all.”

Activity 5

Nisa : Hi, Arif. How are you?

Arif : Nisa!

What a surprise. I’m OK. How about

you?

Nisa : You know, I was sick for about a week.

Now, have already

À

t.

Arief : Oh..yeah. I’m really sorry Nisa. I regret

that I can’t visit you when you were

sick.

Nisa : That would be OK. Thanks for your

concern.

Arief : By the way, What are you doing here?

Nisa : I’m looking for a novel actually.

Arief : Have you found any interesting?

Nisa : I’ve found a novel but I found it was not

very good.

Nisa : What book was that?

Arif : Mrs Dalloway by Virginia Woolf.

Nisa : I’ve read the novel. I feel the same way,

too. I don’t understand the story. It’s

complicated.

Arif :

Yeah. I predict that it won’t be s best

seller.

Nisa : I along with your prediction. However,

I will make a speculation to buy that

book.

Arif : Oh really? Well I just can hope you won’t

regret.

Activity 8

1. bottom

/ˈbɑtəm/

2. barrel

/ˈbærəɭ/

3. challenge

/ˈtʃæɪəndʒ/

4. fraud

/frɔ:d/

5. undead

/ʌnded/

6. unwed

/ʌnwed/

7. trashiest

/træʃɪəs/

8. serious

/sɪərɪəs/

Activity 7

Undead and Unwed

Mary Janice Davidson

Undead, unwed and I also wish I could

say

1

unread! Okay so here I think I have

À

nally sunk to the bottom of the barrel to try

to

2

catch up and complete my challenge. I do

have a bit of a thing for vampire novels! And

that said I bought three

3

different

À

rst in the

series, to see if it would help me catch up and

bring me back

4

to target.

Seriously, this was one of the

5

trashiest

novels I have ever read! It was OK and fun,

but I feel like a complete

6

fraud and fake

adding this to the list of books I’ve read this

year! But I did nevertheless read it! So it’s

gonna be

7

added.

Maybe one day when I’ve

8

forgotten

how bad this book was and just how trashy,

I’ll

9

read a few more in the series! But seriously

guys I wouldn’t

10

recommend it!

Taken from

dancingsifaka.typepad.com

237

Tapescripts

Chapter 8

Exploring Poems and Song Lyrics

Activity 5

Counting-Out Rhyme

by Edna St. Vincent Millay

Silver bark of beech, and sallow

Bark of yellow birch and yellow

Twig of willow

Stripe of green in moose wood maple,

Color seen in leaf apple

Bark of popple

Wood of people pale as moonbeam,

Wood of oak of yoke and barn-beam,

Wood of hornbeam.

Silver bark of beach, and hollow

Stem of elder, tall and yellow

Twig of yellow

Activities 8 and 9

Activity 4

Poetry is an art form in which human

language is used for its aesthetic qualities. It

consists largely of oral or literary works in which

language is used in a manner that is felt by its user

and audience to differ from ordinary prose.

It may use condensed or compressed form

to convey emotion or ideas to the reader's or

listener's mind or ear. Poems frequently rely for

their effect on imagery, word association, and the

musical qualities of the language used.

Perhaps the most vital element of sound in

poetry is rhythm. Often the rhythm of each line

is arranged in a particular meter. Rhyme at the

end of lines is the basis of a number of common

poetic forms, such as ballads, sonnets and

rhyming couplets. However, the use of rhyme is

not universal. Much modern poetry, for example,

avoids traditional rhyme scheme.

Activity 2

Wings of Butter

Á

ies

Drifting low, above the

1

ground

Upon

2

a rose bud is where I found

A butter

Á

y resting

3

quietly, with wings

of gold and

4

purple rings.

5

Fluttering high up in the sky

Butter

Á

ies

6

soar, just right on by

My eyes are

7

closed, but I can see

the

8

colors of gold and purple wings.

Ann, Mtn. Grove, Missouri, Age 15

Activity 3

The Sick Rose

by William Wodsworth

O rose, thou art sick

The invisible worm

That

Á

ies in the night,

in the howling storm,

Has found out thy bed

Of crimson joy,

And his dark secret love

Does thy life destroy.

It's My Life

by Bon Jovi

This ain't a song for the

1

broken-hearted

No silent

2

prayer for the faith-departed

I ain't gonna be just a face in the

3

crowd

You're gonna hear my voice

When I shout it out

4

loud

Chorus

It's my life

It's now or

5

never

I ain't gonna live

6

forever

I just want to live while I'm alive

(It's my life)

My heart is like an open

7

highway

Like Frankie said

I did it my way

I just wanna live while I'm

8

alive

It's my life

This is for the ones who

9

stood their ground

For Tommy and Gina who never backed

10

down

Tomorrow's getting harder make no

mistake

Luck ain't even

11

lucky

12

Got to make your own breaks

back to Chorus

My heart is like an

13

open highway

Like Frankie said

I did it

14

my way

I just want to live while I'm alive

'Cause it's

15

my life

238

Developing English Competencies

for Grade XII of Language Programme

Chapter 9

A Powerful Character

Activity 2

Rina : Are you interested in a movie tonight?

Anto : Mmm maybe. What's on?

Rina : T

here's a new

Dirty Harry

movie playing.

Anto : Oh, I can't stand Clint Eastwood! He's so

boring. All he does is stand around and try

to look macho.

Rina : Oh, come on!

Well, then, how about a

James Dean movie? They're showing

Rebel

Without a Cause

at Cinema City.

Anto : Now that sounds interesting! I've never

seen it, and I really like James Dean.

Activity 3

Speaker 1

I appreciate the

À

lm's relative disinterest in plot.

Speaker 2

The tremendously enchanting Stardust movie

runs on a double dose of star power.

Speaker 3

When I first saw The Stunt Man, I was very

enthusiastic about the

À

lm and raved about it to

anyone who might be interested. I've watched it

twice with some friends since, but they weren't

very enthusiastic about it, so I can imagine that

for many people it won't pay off.

Speaker 4

It's an ingeniously constructed

À

lm that takes

some patience and attention to watch. Although

the direction is

À

ne, it's mostly a virtuoso piece of

scripting that makes this such a special

À

lm.

Activity 4

lived long enough to be inside the

5

Trojan

Horse. Without the hand of Aphrodite,

Paris should have died, killed at the hand of

6

Menelaus – or, in the alternate reality of the

movie,

Á

ed for

7

safety to his brother. In this

alternate Hollywood reality, it makes some

sense that Hector would

8

kill Menelaus to

save his brother's life, although the code

of

9

honour that the warriors followed – in

ancient times as in the

10

Troy movie – make

this action questionable.

Perhaps it was only because of the

11

intervention of the gods that the Trojan

War lasted ten years in the

12

original rather

then the two weeks of Wolfgang Petersen's

godless rendition. You'll have to get over the

time

13

problem, the presence of

14

Achilles in

the Trojan Horse, and the killing by Hector

of Menelaus and Ajax in order to enjoy

15

the

movie.

Troy Movie Review

Troy vs. the Trojan Legend

In the Warner Bros. movie Troy, certain

decisions were made that had

1

dramatic

and, depending on how you look at the Troy

movie, devastating

2

consequences. Chief

among these was the great

3

elimination of

the involvement of the gods and goddesses

in the lives of men. Without the hand of

4

Apollo to guide the arm of Paris, Achilles

should have survived and might well have

Activity 5

Critic 1

This is the most visually stunning

À

lm you

will see this year. Or probably until the third

À

lm

comes out the end of next year.

I wish I could say that was the extent of this

À

lm's drawbacks. It almost feels like they decided

to make a change between the release of the

À

rst

À

lm and this one–but how can you retcon when

you did the

À

lms all at once? Very confusing.

Critic 2

As a

À

lm, "The Lord of the Rings: Fellowship

of the Ring" is an astounding achievement.

Jackson, who has great respect and admiration

for the material, has crafted a rousing action-

adventure that, despite its three-hour running

time, never feels long or bloated. Some of the

standout sequences include the opening battle

scene that sets the stage for the story, and the

climactic battle between the fellowship and an

army of orcs.

The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the

Ring" is a fantastic start to a

À

lm trilogy, and if

the next two installments "The Two Towers" and

"The Return of the King" are of its equal (or better),

Source:

www. moviereview.imdb.com

239

Tapescripts

"Lord of the Rings" may even end up eclipsing the

popularity of "Star Wars" and "The Godfather"

Activities 7 and 8

OEDIPUS : You know all things in

1

heaven and

earth.

TIRESIAS : Things you may speak of openly, and

secrets Holy and not to be

2

revealed.

You know, Blind though you are, the

plague that ruins Thebes. And you,

great

3

prophet, you alone can save

us. Phoebus has sent an answer to

our question. And answer that the

4

messengers may have told you.

Saying there was no cure for our

condition. Until we found the killers

of King Laius. And

5

banished them

or had them put to death. Therefore,

Teresias, do not

6

begrudge your skill.

In the voice of birds other prophecy.

But save yourself, save me, save the

7

whole city. Save everything that the

pestilence de

À

les. We are at your

mercy, and man's

8

noblest task.

Is to use all his powers in helping

others.

TIRESIAS : How dreadful a thing, how dreadful

a things is wisdom, when to be

9

wise

is useless! This I knew.

But I forgot, or else I would never

have come.

OEDIPUS : What is the matter? Why are you so

trouble?

TIRESIAS : Oedipus, let me go home. Then you

will bear. Your

10

burden, and I mine,

more easily.

Review 2

Dialogue 1 (Questions 1-5)

1. Teacher : Ina, you didn't write this essay, did

you?

Ina

: That's right, Sir. I copied it from a

journal.

Teacher :

..

2. Teacher : You copied someone else’s work. It’s

plagiarism, Ina.

Ina

: I honestly regret, Sir. I promise I

won’t do that next time..

Teacher :

.

3. Adi

: How has your week been, Adi?

Nadia

: Terrible! I don’t want to talk about

it. I’m sure everybody else’s week

has been better than mine!

Adi

:

.

4. Dadi

: I’m working in a publishing house.

It’s kind of boring. Probably I’ll quit

and look for a new job.

Indra :

..

5. Nadia

: I wouldn’t do that if I were you.

Nisa :

..

Listening text (Questions 6–9)

Yann Martel's imaginative and unforgettable

Life of Pi is a magical reading experience, an

endless blue expanse of storytelling about

adventure, survival, and ultimately, faith. The

precocious son of a zookeeper, 16-year-old Pi

Patel is raised in Pondicherry, India, where

he tries on various faiths for size, attracting

"religions the way a dog attracts

Á

eas." Plan-

ning a move to Canada, his father packs up

the family and their menagerie and they hitch

a ride on an enormous freighter. After a har-

rowing shipwreck, Pi

À

nds himself adrift in the

Paci

À

c Ocean, trapped on a 26-foot lifeboat with

a wounded zebra, a spotted hyena, a seasick

orangutan, and a 450-pound Bengal tiger named

Richard Parker.

In rich, hallucinatory passages, Pi recounts

the harrowing journey as the days blur together,

elegantly cataloging the endless passage of time

and his struggles to survive.

Taken from

http://www.amazon.com/

Poem (Questions 10–12)

Fire and Ice

by Robert Frost

Some say the world will end in

À

re;

Some say in ice.

From what I’ve tasted of desire

I hold with those who favor

À

re.

But if it had to perish twice,

I think I know enough of hate

To know that for destruction ice

Is also great

And would suf

À

ce.

240

Developing English Competencies

for Grade XII of Language Programme

Answer Key

Chapter 1

Can You Tell Me the Story?

Listening

Activity 2

1. Can you tell me

2. Sure

3. I’d like to suggest

4. It sounds like a good suggestion

5. Do you mind if

6. I have no objection

7. Would you mind

8. Sorry to say that

9. Will you

10. Sure, I will

Activity 3

1. instruction 6. suggestion

2. suggestion 7. suggestion

3. suggestion 8. request

4. instruction 9. suggestion

5. request

10. request

Activity 4

1.

b. Sure. You’d better review Jane Eyre.

2.

a. Sorry to say that I can’t. It’s not mine. I

borrowed it from Nisa.

3.

c. Sure. It’s my pleasure.

Activity 7

1.

leather purse

6. honest

2. shout

7. patiently

3.

came forward

8. 200 pieces

4. dropped

9. found

5. the police

10. gave

Activity 8

1. The beggar

À

nd the purse in the market place.

2.

It contained 100 pieces of gold.

3. The merchant.

4.

Being an honest man, the beggar came forward

and handed the purse to the merchant.

5.

No, he didn’t.

6.

Because the judge thought that the merchant

lied.

7.

To the beggar.

8. Answers may vary. Accept any possible

answer.

Activity 9

1.

It talks about the tiger and the fox.

2.

It took place in the jungle.

3.

The tiger and the fox.

4.

Tiger bowed low and with great ceremony he

let Fox go.

5. Don not arrogant and underestimate other

.

Activity 10

1.

narrative

5.

handed

2. imagination 6. sharing

3. illustrate 7. website

4. characters

Speaking

Activity 8

1.

Fable is a short story that teaches a moral

lesson and that often has animals as speaking

character’s.

2. Answer may vary. Accept any possible

answer.

3.

It teaches lessons about human behavior.

4.

They available at bookstores.

5.

We can visit its website at www.aesopfables.

com

Reading

Activity 2

1.

a

4.

e

7.

b

10. g

2. h

5. f

8. c

3. d

6. j

9. i

Activity 4

1.

In West Java.

2.

He was a good ruler. He liked hunting in the

forest very much.

3.

She was pretty and beautiful.

4.

He was a dog that was actually a cursed god.

5.

Because he didn’t obey him to chase a pig.

6.

Because Sangkuriang killed Tumang who was

actually his father.

7.

Dayang Sumbi asked Sangkuriang to dam up

the Citarum river and build a big vessel all in

one night.

8. Sangkuriang angried and kicked the boat

that became a mountain called Tangkuban

Perahu.

Activity 5

1.

Paragraph 1

5.

Paragraph 2 and 3

2.

Paragraph 10 6.

Paragraph 8

3. Paragraph 15 7. Paragraph 2

4.

Paragraph 1

8.

Paragraph 13

241

Answer Key

Activity 6

Raden Sungging Pebangkara + A she-pig

Dayang Sumbi + Tumang

Sangkuriang

Activity 9

Event: Book fair sale

Time/Date/Venue: On Saturday, November 19, from

10 am to 6 PM and Sunday, November 20, from 11 am

to 6 PM.

Purpose of the action: For charity to help homeless

people live better lives.

Phone number of the organizer: 212 873 4448.

Writing

Activity 2

A Fox once saw a Crow

Á

y off with a piece of

cheese in its beak and settle on a branch of a tree.

“That’s for me, as I am a Fox,” said Master

Reynard, and he walked up to the foot of the tree.

“Good day, Mistress Crow,” he cried. “How

well you are looking today: how glossy your feathers;

how bright your eye. I feel sure your voice must

surpass that of other birds, just as your

À

gure does; let

me hear but one song from you that I may greet you

as the Queen of Birds.”

The Crow lifted up her head and began to caw

her best, but the moment she opened her mouth the

piece of cheese fell to the ground, only to be snapped

up by Master Fox.

“That will do,” said he. “That was all I wanted.

In exchange for your cheese I will give you a piece of

advice for the future: “Do not trust

Á

atterers.”

Source:

http://www.aesopfables.com

Activity 3

I.

1. at the same time

2. later

3. then

4. afterwards

II. 1.

À

rst

2. then

3. next

4. afterwards

5. after a wed days

6.

À

nally

Activity 5

1. e

4. a

3. c

2. d

5. b

Activity 6

1. Kresna needed to get loan before she bought a

car.

2. Pilot has to start engine before takes off.

3. After working hard, the man eats much food .

4. Mr. Efendi always checks the battery before

starts the car engine.

5.

After having lunch, we will go to the cinema.

6.

The children took a bath before having breakfast.

7. Before taking medicine, the patient must have

meal.

8.

After turning off the lamp, she went to bed.

9. Mr. Herman locked the door before leaving

the house.

10. The workers usually go home after

À

nishing

their job.

Activity 10

1.

It’s about short story writing contest.

2.

It will be closed on August 1, 2008.

3.

It must relate to to the Mississippi River, the

River Valley, or a sister River: its landscape,

people, culture, history, current events, or

future.

4.

A regional team of published writers.

5.

By Susan Swartwout, publisher of Southeast

Missouri State University Press.

6.

The winner receives an award of $500 and

publication in Big Muddy: A Journal of the

Mississipi River Valley.

7.

The winner will be announced October 1,

2008.

8. We can send it to MRSS Contest

Southeast Missouri State University Press

MS 2650, One University Plaza

Cape Girardeau, MO 63701

Chapter 2

How the Water Cycle Works

Listening

1.

The CD he lent to Rifki is broken.

2.

It was chewed by Rifki’s sister’s dog.

3.

No, he doesn’t.

4.

No, he won’t.

5.

Yes, he does

.

Activity 3

1. wrong

7. terrible

2.

fair

8. responsibility

3.

lent

9. stay out

4.

chewed

10. apologize

5.

problem

11. admitted

6.

fault

12. accepted

Activity 4

1.

It’s my sister’s fault.

2.

OK. It’s my fault, isn’t it?

3.

It’s good you admitted that.

4.

I must apologize.

Activity 5

1. c

2. c

3. b

242

Developing English Competencies

for Grade XII of Language Programme

Activity 7

It talks about the water cycle.

Activity 8

1.

these

5. vapour

9. rises

2.

cycle

6.

begin

10. clouds

3.

lie in

7.

river

4.

lake

8. where

Activity 10

1. False

2. True

3. False

4. False

5. True

Activity 11

1.

Picture b

3.

Picture a

2.

Picture d

4.

Picture c

Activity 12

1. cycle

10. warm air

2. the ocean

11. cluster

3. back

12. a cloud

4. movement

13. falls

5. begins

14. cold

6. water vapour

15. snow

7. a gas

16. land

8. the sky

17.

Á

ows

9. tiny drops

18. starts

Activity 13

1. The never-ending movement of the earth’s

water.

2. Because water goes from the ocean to the

land and back to the oceans again.

3. When heat from the sun turns ocean water

into water vapour.

4. It is water that has become a gas.

5. In the sky.

6. Tiny drops.

7. Rising warm air.

8. When billion of drops of water cluster togeth-

er, they form a cloud.

9. It falls to earth as rain.

10. The ocean.

Speaking

Activity 3

1. No, he didn’t.

2. He knows it is Mr Hartono’s essay.

3. No, he doesn’t.

4. He says, “I honestly regret doing this shame-

ful thing.”

5. He has to write two essays on different social

phenomena.

6. You didn’t write it, did you?

7. I’m afraid that wasn’t true.

That’s right, Sir. I have to admit I download-

ed it from the Internet.

8. I regret it.

9. I do apologize, Sir.

10. I promise I won’t do so next time.

Activity 4

1.

I’m afraid that wasn’t true, Mom.

2.

I admit I forgot to turn out the light.

3.

OK, it’s my fault.

4.

I do apologize, Mom.

5.

You’d better keep your promise

.

Activity 5

1.

The sun does.

2. Evaporation is.

3.

Yes, they do.

4. Transpiration is.

5.

It goes to the atmosphere.

Activity 7

1.

Because seas cover nearly three-fourths of the

surface of the earth.

2.

They form when air become saturated with

water vapour.

3.

There are two major types of cloud formation.

4.

Nimbostratus and cumulonimbus clouds.

5.

Nimbostratus clouds will.

6. Precipitation does

.

Reading

Activity 2

1. Sour or bitter in taste

2. Very small in size, degree, amount, or

importance

3. Sternly

4. A hollow vertical structure, usually made

of brick or steel, that allows gas, smoke, or

steam from a

À

re or furnace to escape into the

atmosphere

5. To send or give out something

6. A very small drop of liquid.

7. To cause liquid or solid forms of water,

condensed in the atmosphere, to fall to the

ground as rain, snow, or hail, or to fall in such

a form

8. Substance that increases the rate of a chemical

reaction without itself undergoing any

change

9. Carried along by movements of air

10. The process of becoming acid, for example,

when soil or water is polluted by acid rain

11. A pipe or other piece of apparatus through

which waste gases escape

12. Relating to or containing a poison or toxin

Activity 4

1. Acid rain is rain that is highly acidic because

of sulphur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and other

air pollutants dissolved in it.

243

Answer Key

2. The pH of normal rain is 6.

3. When coal and oil burn, they make sulphur

dioxide (SO

2

).

4. If they are in the atmosphere for any time, the

gases will oxidize (gain an oxygen atom) and

go into solution as acids.

5. Sulphuric acid (H

2

SO

4

) and nitrogen oxides

do.

6. Catalysts such as hydrogen peroxide, ozone

and ammonium do.

7. The number of active hydrogen (H+) ions

dissolved in acid does.

8. Hydrocarbons emitted by for example, car

exhausts react in sunlight with nitrogen

oxides to produce ozone.

9. Yes, it does.

10. Forests suffer the effect of acid rain through

damage to leaves, through the loss of vital

nutrients, and through the increased amounts

of toxic metals liberated by acid.

Activity 7

1. False

3. True

5. True

2. True

4. False

Activity 8

1.

The water in the oceans is warm when the

sun shines on it.

2.

Some of this water goes up into the sky and

makes clouds.

3.

The clouds meet cold air in the sky and form

drops of water. The drops of water are rain.

4.

The rain falls and runs into rivers. Rivers run

into oceans.

Writing

Activity 4

1. is produced

2.

is probably won

3.

is controlled; is determined

4.

was blew; didn’t want

5. is supported

Chapter 3

Let’s Discuss Some Issues

Listening

Activity 2

1.

They are talking about abortion.

2. She wants to know Adi’s opinion on

abortion.

3.

He opposes it for any reasons.

4.

He says, “Let me just say that I oppose it, for

any reasons.”

5.

He hopes the government won’t pass a law

legalizing abortion.

Activity 3

1.

I wonder

3.

I do hope

2.

Let me just say that

4.

I wish

Activity 4

1.

What’s the plan?

2. I’m planning

3.

They’re thinking of

4.

I would say

5.

We can speculate that

6.

I think it’s well grounded

7.

Would there be any possibility

8.

That’s one possibility.

Activity 7

1.

Paragraph 1

5.

Paragraph 5

2.

Paragraph 2

6.

Paragraph 6

3.

Paragraph 3

7.

Paragraph 6

4.

Paragraph 4

8.

Paragraph 7

Activity 9

1.

sustainable

5.

redundant

2.

excessive

6.

free

3.

repair

7.

message

4.

herbicides

8.

service

Speaking

Activity 3

Saying You Are Curious

I wonder if you would like to answer a

question for me.

You mean you’re not sure?

Do you really approve genetically modi

À

ed

organism?

Expressions for Discussing Possibilities

I think that would be possibility.

• I believe there may be unknown dangers with

genetically changed crops.

Expressions for Showing Attitudes

I’m sure. It depends on the use of the transgenic

or plants.

Yes, I approve in some cases.

That’s right. I’m against it. I wish to campaign

against GMO.

Activity 9

Advantages

: Mobile phones are very convenient

because you can phone from nearly

anywhere. Another advantage

is that they are really useful in

emergency situations. In addition,

you can also use your mobile to

text your friends or connect to the

Net.

Disadvantage

: There are disadvantages such as the

cost. Mobile phone calls cost more

than normal calls. Furthermore,

it can be annoying if you are on

244

Developing English Competencies

for Grade XII of Language Programme

a train or a bus and you have to

listen to someone else’s boring

conversation.

Conclusion

: There are both advantages and

disadvantages. Personally, I feel

mobile phones are a good thing

because they give us more freedom

and make communication easier.

Reading

Activity 2

1. (h) the ending of pregnancy before birth

2. (d) causing a lot of disagreement

3. (e) the conditions that affect a situation, ac-

tion, event, etc

4. (b) not yet born

5. (c) someone who disagrees with a plan, idea,

etc

6. (a) not liking changes or new ideas

7. (j) a fault or a lack of something

8. (i) illegal sex between people who are closely

related

9. (g) to be able to recognize and understand

the difference between two similar things

or people

10. (f) cruel or violent treatment

Activity 3

1. controversial

6. defect

2. opponent

7. circumstances

3. abuse

8. unborn

4. incest

9. distinguish

5. abortion vary

10. conservative

Activity 5

Controversial Issue

: Abortion

Reasons againts

:

An abortion is the unjusti

À

ed killing of an unborn

child.

Reasons for

:

Abortion may be recommended if a woman’s life or

health is endangered by her pregnancy.

A woman should have the right to choose to have

abortion because there is a distinction between

human life and personhood.

Conclusion:

Abortion laws vary from country to country.

Activity 6

1.

a. 20–24 years old

b. 45 and up

2. 19937

3. 1.2%

4. Student’s answer

Writing

Activity 1

Answers may vary.

Activity 4

5-1-2-7-6-4-3

Activity 5

Advantage: 1, 4, 5 and 8

Disanvatage: 2, 3, 6 and 7

Chapter 4

Delivering a Speech

Listening

Activity 1

1.

It describes someone who is giving a speech

( speaking in front of public).

2.

He is Ir. Soekarno

3.

He is giving a speech.

4.

Answers may vary.

5.

Answers may vary.

Activity 4

1. F 6. F

2. T 7. T

3. T 8. T

4. F 9. F

5. T 10. T

Activity 5

1.

very proud

9. your teachers

2. moments 10. the world

3. graduates 11. alumni parties

4. guess 12. perseverance

5. exams 13. successes

6. looking forward 14. newspaper

7. free 15. interpreter

8.

look around

16. Good luck

Activity 6

Answers may vary.

Speaking

Activity 2

1. Graduation speech.

2. A week.

3. A book about writing a speech.

4. Dian.

5. Answers may vary.

6. Answers may vary.

Activity 3

1. Speech 3

2. Speech 4

3. Speech 2

4. Speech 1

245

Answer Key

Activity 6

Answers may vary.

Reading

Activity 1

Answers may vary.

Activity 3

1. e. Gamal Abdul Naser

2. c. Hitler

3. a. Bung Tomo

4. b. Soekarno

5. f. Franklin D. Roosevelt

6. d. John F. Kennedy

Activity 6

1. F

5. T

2. T

6. T

3. T

7. F

4. F

8. T

Activity 8

1. Wendy wanted to know if her speech was cor-

rect.

2. I wondered that what I had heard was true.

3.

I wondered that Toni knew what he was talking

about.

4.

Sally wanted to know if there was anything she

could help.

5. Jerry said that he would go to the library to

study.

6.

The scientist predicted that someday we would

be in contact with beings from outer space.

7. Mr. Ronald asked me if had ever met

Ms. Shanty.

8. Professor Williams announced that he was

going

to postpone the examination.

Writing

Activity 1

Answers may vary

.

Activity 2

1. witnessed 9. accompanied

2. cheerleading 10. con

À

guration

3. wearing 11. fascinating

4. graduation

12. education

5. day dreamed 13. friendship

6. lectures 14. almamater

7. eternal 15. diplomas

8. reality 16. Found

Activity 4

Answers may vary.

Activity 5

Answers may vary.

Chapter 5

Let’s Have a Debate

Listening

Activity 1

Answer may vary.

Activity 2

1. charity

2. earthquake

3. I agree

4. I think

Activity 4

1. experimentation

9. mice

2. treatments

10. diseases

3. surgery

11. research

4. coronary

12. reattach

5. muscle

13. humans

6. equipment

14. farm

7. drugs

15. distemper

8. therapies

Activity 7

1. elements

9. strategy

2. delivery

10. logistics

3. materials

11. audience

4. enhancements

12. objective

5. message

13. expectation

6. synergy

14. present

7. importance

15. behaviour

8. create

Activity 8

1. The committee of annual school day.

2. The school meeting.

3. The topic is discussing the proposal.

4.

He greats the audience and tell the agenda and

point of the presentation.

Speaking

Activity 1

Answers may vary.

Activity 2

1.

They are talking about the bene

À

t of cloning.

2. He thinks cloning can save a human’s life.

3. She thinks cloning is not ethically correct. We

can’t play God.

4. Answer may vary.

Reading

Activity 1

Answers may vary.

Activity 4

1.

50 people.

2. 23 people.

3. 20 people.

4.

Answer may vary.

246

Developing English Competencies

for Grade XII of Language Programme

Writing

Activity 1

Answers may vary.

Review 1

Listening

1. c

2 . c

3. a

4. a

5.

d

6. c

7. d 8. b

9.

a

10. d

Reading

11. d

24. a

37. d

12. c

25. a

38. a

13. b 26. b

39. a

14. c

27. d

40. b

15. a 28. b

41. a

16. a 29. b

42. d

17. d 30. a

43. b

18. d 31. c

44. c

19. b 32. a

45. c

20. b 33. c

21. a 34. a

22. d 35. d

23. b 36. a

Chapter 6

It’s a Great Story

Listening

Activity 2

1. “Come on. You can do it. Just this once.”

2. “How can I persuade you to participate in the

story writing contest?”

3. “Just believe in you self. I know you can do

your best.”

4. “You’re not going to let me down, are you?”

5. “Don’t worry, I’m sure you’ll do better this

time.”

6. “I don’t think that was a good idea.”

7. “I don’t (particularly) like your story.”

8. “I hope you will do it better next time.”

9. “ I don’t think you should do that.”

10. “I wish all the best for you.”

Activity 3

1. That’s great.

2. I failed miserably.

3. That’s too bad.

4. Why don’t you

5. I’ll consider that

6. Don’t give up!

7. I’ll try

8. I don’t think you should

9. I do hope

10. Well, I hope

Activity 4

1.

I’ll consider that.

2.

Come on. Don’t give up.

3.

Thank you for telling me.

4.

Thank you for telling me.

5.

Well, I hope that so.

Activity 5

1. b 4. b 3. a

2. a 5. a

Activity 7

1. dying

9. dug

2. vineyard

10. penny

3.

three

11. nothing

4.

buried

12. vines

5. look 13.

neighbourhood

6. treasure

14. understood

7.

wondered

15. wealthily

8. diamond

Activity 9

1.

It’s about short story writing contest.

2.

It’s £350 (over $500).

3. Answers may vary.

Speaking

Activity 3

1.

Would it be possible ...

2.

I’ll consider that.

3.

Come on. Don’t give up.

4.

Well, I’ll try.

5.

I wouldn’t do that if I were you.

6.

I don’t think it was a good idea.

7.

Let’s just hope ....

Activity 8

1.

Cheung Tsai was a good-for-nothing fellow.

Cheung Tsai was very careless with his father’s

money and spent as much as he pleased.

2.

When old Mr Cheung found out, he did not

give his son any more money. Cheung Tsai

began to think of a plan. He went to his friends

and borrowed money from each of them.

3.

He was very careless.

4.

Because ke knew that his son borrow so much

money from Chung Sai friends and he refused

to paid back.

5.

It tells that we have to save our money and do

not careless.

247

Answer Key

Activity 6

1. care

6. delicious

2. pleasant

7. lazy

3. care

8. helper

4. look after

9. deliver

5. worry

10. busy

Activity 8

1.

a small bone

4.

the reward

2.

terrible pain

5.

his teeth

3.

the big Crane

6.

a Wolf’s mouth

Chapter 7

The Book Is Amazing

Listening

Activity 2

Dialogue 1

1. I regret it now.

2. If I hadn’t gone camping

3. No use crying over spilt milk

Dialogue 2

4. What’s your plan?

5. I’m planning on maybe

6. I’m thinking of

7. What do you want to achieve?

8. I hope I can do something

9. What is it that you want?

10. It’s touching story

11. Be independent, and be useful

12. It’s really an inspiring book.

13. I think it’s well grounded.

14. It’s worth speculating

Activity 3

1

. At school.

2.

Adi and Dudi.

3.

About their planning.

4.

He went camping last week and he didn’t get

much sleep last night because he had to

À

n-

ished his assignment. Yes, he did.

5. Adi.

6.

Dudi wants to go to Papua, because he wants

to teach children in Papua.

7.

Dudi hopes he can do something to make

himself useful.

8.

Answers may vary.

Reading

Activity 2

1. plot

: e. the events in a story and

how they develop

2. setting

: f. one part of the story in

which the events happen in

one place

3. character

: g. a person in a book, story,

etc.

4. orientation

: a. describes scene and

introduces the participants

of the story

5.

complication : b. part of the story in which

a problem encountered by

the characters

6. resolution : c. the part in which the

characters

À

nd the

resolution

Activity 4

1. He was a very lazy boy. People called him a

lazybones.

2. After school he went straight to his room and

lay down.

3. Mr Jones owned a small bakery in town.

4. Because he had only one helper, Bob.

5. He baked a hundred loaves each morning. Bob

went round on a horse-cart to deliver them.

6. Mr Jones baked biscuits and cakes to put in

his shop-window.

7. One day Mr Jones told Tom to watch some

cakes in the oven.

8. Instead of watching the cakes, Tom fell

asleep and the cakes were burnt.

9. Mr Jones had a bad cold. The doctor said he

had to stay in bed for a week.

10. He often watched Mr Jones baking.

11. Bob did.

12. As the day passed, more and more people

praised Tom. After a while Tom began to feel

proud of himself too.

13. Answers may vary

.

Activity 5

1. j

6. e

2. b

7. g

3. c

8. h

4. d

9. a

5. f

10. i

248

Developing English Competencies

for Grade XII of Language Programme

Activity 4

1.

“I regret for being unfriendly and underestimate

you.”

2.

“Next year I’m going to study abroad, you

know!”

3.

“I predict that you will be a

À

rst winner in this

competition.”

4.

“I can say that the book is not interesting at

all.”

Activity 7

1.

unread

6. fraud

2.

catch up

7. added

3.

different

8. forgotten

4.

to target

9. read

5.

trashiest

10. recommend

Activity 8

1. bottom

5. undead

2.

barrel

6. unwed

3.

challenge

7. trashiest

4.

fraud

8. trashiest

Speaking

Activity 4

1.

It probably takes place at school.

2.

Nadia and Adi.

3.

They talk about the plans for tomorrow.

4.

He plans to stage a demonstration campaign-

ing the reduction of gas emissions.

5.

Will you join us?

6.

He predicts and speculates that we capable to

do the campaign.

7.

She thinks that we have that capacity. We

have funds, a network and support from oth-

er organizations.

Activity 6

1.

Answers may vary.

2.

It is a science

À

ction.

3.

It is about a young boy named Eragon.

4.

Christopher Paolini is.

Reading

Activity 3

1.

All through the Night

is.

2.

Mary Higgins Clark is.

3.

It is a

À

ction book.

4.

It is about Alvirah and Willy Meehan, the

former cleaning woman and plumber who

won the lottery and left their life in Jackson

Heights, Queens for an apartment on Central

Park.

5.

It stands for International Standard Book

Number.

Writing

Activity 7

1.

a. interested

4.

a. boring

b. interesting

b. bored

2.

a. depressing

5. a. exhausting

b. depressed

b. exhausted

3.

a. exciting

b. excited

Chapter 8

Exploring Poems and Song Lyrics

Listening

Activity 2

1. ground

5.

Á

uttering

2. rose

6. soar

3. quietly

7. closed

4. purple

8. colours

Activity 3

1.

The title is “The Sick Rose.”

2.

It's about the woman's life.

3.

No it doesn't. No it is not.

4.

Yes there is (symbolic, metaphor, connota-

tion).

5. It perhaps symbolizes the dark side of

woman's life.

6.

Answers may vary.

Activity 4

1. True

4. True

7. True

2. False

5. True

3. False

6. False

Activity

8

1.

broken

6. forever

11. got to

2. prayer

7. highway 12. open

3.

the crowd 8. stood

13. my way

4.

loud

9. down

14. my life

5. never

10. lucky

Speaking

Activity 7

The poem is “The Angel”

The song lyric is “Angel.”

Accept any possible reasons.

Activity 8

Answers may vary.

249

Answer Key

Reading

Activity 4

Answers may vary

Activity 6

1.

He lives in a village; he won't see his woods

À

ll up with snow.

2.

The horse suppose think it's queer to stop with-

out a farmhouse between the woods and frozen

lake. It's darkest evening of the year.

3.

The horse gives the harness bells a shake. The

sound of wind sweep and downed

Á

ake.

4.

The woods are lovely, dark, and deep. Miles to

go.

Activity 8

1.

It tells about someone who lost his lover. Yes

it does.

2.

It expresses sad ness and disappointment.

3.

It used metaphor and symbols to explore the

emotion.

4.

The writer really loves his lover.

5.

The lover made him fall in love with her.

6.

Answers may vary.

Writing

Activity 1

Answers may vary.

Activity 3

1. e

6. b

2. f

7. h

3. d

8. g

4. a

9. j

5. c

10. i

Activity 4

1. Metaphor

4. Simile

2. Simile

5. Simile

3. Metaphor

6. Metaphor

Activity 8

1. dues

7. world

2. crime

8. curtain

3.

share

9. fame

4. champion

10. cruise

5.

À

ghting

11. challenge

6. losers

12. lose

Chapter 9

A Powerful Character

Listening

Activity

2

1.

No, he doesn't.

2.

A new dirty Harry movie & rebel without a

cause.

3.

Clint Eastwood and James Dean.

4.

He thinks the actor is boring.

5.

He suggests to watch James Dean movie at

cinema city.

6.

At cinema city.

7.

Yes, he does. Because he really likes James

Dean, the actor.

Activity 3

1.

Speaker 1 – silly

2.

Speaker 2 – wonderful

3.

Speaker 3 – dreadful

4.

Speaker 4 – interesting

Activity 4

1. dramatic

9. honour

2. consequences

10. Troy movie

3. elimination

11. intervention

4. Apollo

12. original

5. Trojan Horse

13. problem

6. Menelaus

14. Achilles

7. safety

15. the movie

8. kill

Activity 7

1. heaven

6. begrudge

2.

revealed

7. whole city

3. prophet

8. noblest task

4. messengers

9. wise

5. banished

10. burden

Reading

Activity 2

Classical Stories

Hamlet

Macbeth

Gulliver's Travel

Robison Crusoe

250

Developing English Competencies

for Grade XII of Language Programme

Modern Stories

Lord of the Rings

Da Vinci Code

Harry Potter

The Cronicles of Narnia

The Man Without a Country

Activity 5

1.

The poster is about the advertisement of the

story books from a publisher.

2.

There are many kind of story books and

novels.

3. There are

À

ction, suspense, thriller, novel.

Activity 7

Answers may vary

Writing

Activity 5

1.

They had unloaded their weapons.

2.

King Arthur had beaten the enemies.

3.

The soldiers had checked out the horse.

4.

Alice had eaten the cake.

5.

They had trained the soldiers for war.

6.

All the Trojans had fallen asleep.

Review 2

Listening

1.

c

6. c

11. b

2.

a

7. a

12. c

3. a 8. c

4. d 9. a

5. d 10. c

Reading

13. d

21. d

29. c

37. a

45. c

14. a

22. b

30. c

38. b

15. b

23. a

31. c

39. b

16. a

24. b

32. c

40. b

17. c

25. d

33. d

41. d

18. c

26. d

34. d

42. c

19. a

27. b

35. b

43. c

20. d

28. a

36. b

44. d

1.

Harry Poter and the Philosopher’s Stone.

2. J.K Rowling.

3. Harry Potter.

4.

It has familiar but at the same time exotic

setting.

5.

Setting of an English public school, complete

with house and school boy adventure.

6.

It’s a book for kids and a book that adults can

read well.

7. Danny Yee.

8.

Answers may vary.