Halaman
96
Kelas XII SMA/MA/SMK/MAK
Mensyukuri kesempatan dapat mempelajari bahasa
Inggris sebagai bahasa pengantar komunikasi
International yang diwujudkan dalam semangat belajar.
Menunjukkan perilaku santun dan peduli dalam
melaksanakan komunikasi interpersonal dengan guru
dan teman.
Menunjukkan perilaku jujur, disiplin, percaya diri,
dan bertanggung jawab dalam melaksanakan
komunikasi transaksional dengan guru dan teman.
Menunjukkan perilaku tanggung jawab, peduli,
kerjasama, dan cinta damai, dalam melaksanakan
komunikasi fungsional.
Me
nganalisis fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur
ke
bahasaan pada teks ilmiah berbentuk
factual report
te
ntang binatang.
Me
nangkap makna dalam teks ilmiah faktual
(factual
r
eport)
lisan dan tulis tentang binatang.
Me
nyusun teks ilmiah faktual
(factual report)
lisan dan
tu
lis tentang binatang dengan memperhatikan fungsi
so
sial, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan yang benar
se
suai konteks.
Tujuh Pembelajaran:
Set
elah mempelajari Bab 7, siswa diharapkan mampu:
1
2 .1
2.2
2.3
3.6
4.9
4.10
Chapter 7
:
Read the Nature
97
Bahasa Inggris
A. WARMER
Can you identify the humorous points of these jokes?
B. OBSERVING AND QUESTIONING
Listening
Task 1:
Comprehension Questions
Your teacher is going to read a text about
Tsunami. Listen carefully and later you will have
to answer the questions.
1. Waiter, how long will my sausages be?
Oh a
bout three inches.
2. Why didn’t the man die when he drank the poison?
Be
cause he was in the living room.
3. What’s the difference between a jeweler and a jailer?
A jewe
ler sells watches, and a jailer watches cells.
4. Why is six scared of seven?
Be
cause 7-8-9.
5. How do bees travel?
Th
ey take the buzz.
98
Kelas XII SMA/MA/SMK/MAK
1. What is a tsunami?
2. What are tsunamis often called?
3. How fast can tsunami waves travel according to National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)?
4. When does the speed of tsunami waves slow down?
5. How long can the tsunami waves last?
Task 2:
Oral Description
Reading
Task 1:
Think about it.
Use the following questions as hints.
1.
Do you know what a tornado is?
2
.
Wh
at does a tornado look like?
3.
Wh
ere do you think a tornado is usually found?
4. Where
d
id
y
ou
fi
nd
i
nformation
a
bout
t
ornado
f
or
t
he
fi
rst
t
ime?
Listen to your teacher again.
You will be asked to answer some questions.
After that, you will work in pairs to describe
what tsunami is.
Before you read the following text about tornadoes,
talk what you know about in your groups.
99
Bahasa Inggris
Task 2:
Comprehension questions
The word
tornado
comes from Spanish language and
means to twist or turn. A tornado is a whirlwind produced by
atmospheric conditions, mainly extremely low pressure, during
a severe thunderstorm.
To
rnadoes usually turn
counterclockwise. They appear as
funnel shaped columns of violently
rotating winds that reach down from a
storm and touch the ground. Although
a tornado is not always visible to the
eye, tornadic conditions can still be
picked up on radar, or the tornado may
become visible once debris and dirt
are pulled into it.
A to
rnado may also be referred
to as a
funnel cloud
, but this is
technically not a correct term. While
the two words are sometimes used interchangeably, a funnel cloud
is different, not in its make up, but in the fact that it does not touch
the ground. Another name that is often used to describe a tornado
is
twister,
due to its violent twisting motion.
Th
e tornado is one of the most unpredictable and destructive
forces of nature, often destroying everything in its path. A tornado
is usually preceded by severe storms, which may include lightning,
high winds, and frequent hail. It can change course without notice,
and is usually accompanied by a roaring sound, or as some
describe it, the sound of freight train.
(Taken from http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-tornado.htm)
Source: picturesforcoloring.com
Picture 7.1 A Tornado
100
Kelas XII SMA/MA/SMK/MAK
Read the text above carefully, and then answer these
questions
br
iefly.
1. Wh
at does the word
tornado
mean?
2. What is a tornado?
3. How do tornadoes usually turn?
4. What do tornadoes look like?
5. What are the other names of tornadoes?
6. Why is it technically not correct to refer tornadoes
as funnel clouds?
7. Why is a tornado described as a twister?
8. What usually precedes a tornado?
9. What usually accompanies a tornado?
10. What does the word
some
in the last line refer to?
Vocabulary Builder
Task 3:
Find the meaning of words.
After reading the text about tornado,
individually guess the meaning of each word
below. Then, check them with your friends.
When necessary, consult your dictionary.
After that, practice pronouncing the words.
severe
:
/sɪˈ vɪr /
counterclockwise :
/ˈkaʊntər ˈklɑːkwaɪz/
violent :
/ˈ vaɪələnt /
visible:
/ˈ vɪzɪb
ə
l /
interchangeably
:
/ˌ ɪntəˈ tʃeɪndʒəblɪ/
debris:
/dəˈ briː /
make up:
/meɪk ʌp/
destructive:
/dɪˈ strʌktɪv /
precede:
/prɪˈ siːd/
course:
/ kɔː rs /
Source: picturesforcoloring.com
Pic
ture 7.2 A dictionary
101
Bahasa Inggris
Grammar Review
Task 4:
Observe the present verbs.
Look
t
hrough
t
he
t
ext
a
gain.
Y
ou
w
ill
fi
nd
v
erbs
l
ike
c
omes, means,
is, turn, appear, and reach.
They are called
the Simple Present
Tense.
Observe these sentences.
The word
“tornado” comes
from Spanish language.
The word
means
to twist or turn.
A tornado
is
a whirlwind produced by atmospheric conditions.
Tornadoes usually
turn
counterclockwise.
They
appear
as funnel shaped columns of violently
rotating winds.
They
reach
down from a storm and
touch
the ground.
Do y
ou know why some verbs end with
–s
(e.g., comes,
means) and some other verbs do not (e.g.,
turn, appear
)? Discuss
with your friends!
Text Structure
Task 5:
Observe the text structure.
Th
e text about tornado above is called a
factual report
(information report).
A factual report aims to provide information
about natural or social phenomena. In this case, the text about
tornado is an example of
natural phenomena.
Underline some other present verbs
in the text!
102
Kelas XII SMA/MA/SMK/MAK
How
are
factual
reports
written?
The
first
paragraph
of
a
fa
ctual report gives us a
classification
containing some general
information about the phenomena, in this case, tornado (e.g., the
origin of the word). All the paragraphs that follow contain some
description about tornado; the description provides details. The
description answers to these questions: What is it? What does it
look like? What special features does it have?
Read the text again, and then
write in the table below the appropriate
questions about tornados that the
paragraphs will answer.
C. COLLECTING INFORMATION
Task 1:
Read the text below carefully, and then practice reading
it aloud. Mind your pronunciation and intonation.
A tsunami is a giant wave (or series of waves) created by an
u
ndersea earthquake, volcanic eruption or landslide. Tsunamis are
Parts of the Text
Questions to Answer
Classification
Paragraph 1:
Where does the word tornado come from?
What does it mean?
Description
Paragraph 2:
What do tornadoes look like?
Paragraph 3:
What special features do tornadoes have?
Paragraph 4:
What other special feature do tornadoes have?
103
Bahasa Inggris
often called tidal waves, but this is not an accurate description
because tides have little effect on giant tsunami waves.
Fa
r out in the ocean, tsunami waves don’t get very high, but
they move very fast. In fact, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA) reports that tsunami waves can travel as
fast as a jet plane.
As a t
sunami gets closer to land and the ocean depth
decreases, the speed of the tsunami wave slows down and the
height of the tsunami wave increases dramatically—along with its
potential for destruction.
One thing is certain about tsunamis: they are unpredictable.
Once
a
tsunami
makes
landfall,
the
waves
can
last
from
five
to
fifteen
minutes
and
do
not
follow
a
set
pattern.
NOAA
warns
that
the
first
wave
may
not
be
the
largest.
Not all undersea earthquakes or other seismic events create
tsunamis,
which
is
why
tsunamis
are
difficult
to
predict.
(The article is taken from: http://environment.about.com/od/environmentalevents/f/
what-is-a-tsunami.htm)
Task 2:
Observe the present verbs
.
Look through the text again.
Underline all the verbs in the present
forms like in the following example.
A tsunami is
a g
iant wave (or series of waves) created by
an undersea earthquake, volcanic eruption or landslide. Tsunamis
are
often called tidal waves, but this is not
an accurate description
because tides have
little effect on giant tsunami waves.
104
Kelas XII SMA/MA/SMK/MAK
Task 3:
Find a factual report text.
In
groups,
find
a
factual
report
text
about
natural
phenomena.
You
can
go to the library or search in the Internet. Use the following questions
to help you select the text.
1
. What is the natural phenomenon?
2. What does the phenomenon look like?
3. What features does the phenomenon have?
4. What other features does the phenomenon have?
Present your text neatly and attractively so that the
other groups want to read it. Take turn sharing the
information you have with the class.
Task 4:
Find the present verbs.
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
Look through your text again.
Rewrite the sentences that have present
verbs. Compare what you have with
other groups.
105
Bahasa Inggris
D. ASSOCIATING
Task 1:
Vocabulary Exercise
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words. Consider the contexts of
the sentences in choosing the right words.
1.
Th
e occurence of cyclones is usually characterized by
inward spiraling winds that rotate ____________ in the
Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern
Hemisphere of the Earth.
2.
Th
is ____________ material moves according to the
wi
nd direction.
3.
Sci
entists can hypothesize that certain signs of natural
phenomena ____________ certain events.
4.
En
vironmental education is useful in minimizing
____________ behaviors to the environment.
5.
Onc
e the building was destroyed, the social workers
had to work hard to clean up and remove all the
____________.
6.
Pi
lots depend on coordinates to ensure that they are in
the right ____________.
7.
____________ b
ehaviors might be caused by severe
mental illness.
sev
ere
an
ticlockwise
co
urse
vi
olent
vi
sible
deb
ris
in
terchangeably
make up
des
tructive
pr
ecede
106
Kelas XII SMA/MA/SMK/MAK
8. The
team
had
to
work
very
hard
how
to
find
ways
to
____________ t
heir loss in the prestigious match.
9.
We a
re very sorry to hear that our friend is experiencing
a ____________ brain damage after the car accident.
10.
Th
e students just learned from the teacher’s explanation
that the two terms are used ____________ in science.
Task 2:
Grammar Exercise
Put the verbs in the brackets into the correct present form.
1.
Man
y people (use) the Internet to do electronic shopping.
2.
Mu
ch of the giant panda’s way of life still (remain)
a m
ystery.
3.
Sci
entists (learn) natural phenomena from time to time.
4.
Ca
tatumbo Lightning (occur) only over the mouth of the
Catatumbo River where it (empty) into Lake Maracaibo.
5.
Li
ke most land crabs, red crabs (use) gills to breathe and
(take) great care to conserve body moisture.
6.
Th
e remains of a Caribbean hurricane (threaten) to
sw
eep away summer’s warm weather this weekend with
gale-force winds and heavy rains.
7.
Al
l snakes (have) teeth, but only poisonous snakes
(have) fangs.
8. Snow
(
have)
a
n
o
pen
a
nd
t
herefore
s
oft,
w
hite,
a
nd
fl
uffy
st
ructure, unless subjected to external pressure.
107
Bahasa Inggris
9.
Tropical cyclogenesis (describe) the process of
d
evelopment of tropical cyclones.
10.
Se
en from Earth, Mercury (appear) to move around its
orbit in about 116 days, which (be) much faster than any
other planet.
Task 3:
Speaking
Some
n
atural
p
henomena
i
nclude
fl
ood,
e
arthquakes,
la
ndslides,
o
r
r
ainy
s
eason.
I
n
g
roups,
fi
nd
s
ome
i
nformation
ab
out one natural phenomenon as assigned by your teacher.
You can go to the library or search in the Internet. Use the
following questions to help you.
1. What is the natural phenomenon?
2. What does the phenomenon look like?
3. What features does the phenomenon have?
4. What other features does the phenomenon have?
Present what your group has found in front of the class. Use
pictures or other necessary media to help clarify your presentation.
Task 4:
Writing (Create your own).
Now write a factual report. Choose a natural
phenomenon that is worth sharing. You can go to
the
l
ibrary
o
r
s
earch
i
n
t
he
I
nternet
t
o
fi
nd
h
elp.
Us
e these subheadings when writing.
108
Kelas XII SMA/MA/SMK/MAK
Source: picturesforcoloring.com
Picture 7.3 Peer Editing
1.
Classification
(
General information about the
na
tural phenomenon)
2.
De
scription
: Details about the features of
the
phenomenon.
Do n
ot forget to write and present your text
ne
atly and attractively.
Task 5:
Peer Editing
Work in pairs. Exchange your writing. Check
your friend’s writing. Pay attention to these points
when reading it.
1
. The
t
ext
s
tructure:
c
lassification
(ge
neral information) and
desc
ription (details about
th
e features)
2.
La
nguage features: the simple
pr
esent tense
3.
S
pelling
4.
P
unctuation
5.
C
apitalization
6.
Fo
rmatting
E. COMMUNICATING
Task 1:
Cloze Description
Fill
in the blanks with
app
ropriate words.
109
Bahasa Inggris
Volcanic eruptions happen when lava and gas are discharged
f
rom a volcanic vent. The most common consequences of this
are population movements as large numbers of ____________
are
o
ften
f
orced
t
o
fl
ee
t
he
m
oving
l
ava
fl
ow.
V
olcanic
e
ruptions
of
ten ____________ temporary food shortages and volcanic ash
landslides called Lahar.
Th
e most dangerous ____________of volcanic eruption is
referred to as a 'glowing avalanche'. This is ____________ freshly
erupted
m
agma
f
orms
h
ot
p
yroclastic
fl
ow
w
hich
h
as
t
emperatures
of
up to 1,200 degrees. The pyroclastic ____________ is formed
from
r
ock
f
ragments
f
ollowing
a
v
olcanic
e
xplosion,
t
he
fl
ow
s
urges
do
wn
t
he
fl
anks
o
f
t
he
_
___________
a
t
s
peeds
o
f
u
p
t
o
s
everal
hu
ndred kilometers per ____________, to distances often up
to 10 kms and occasionally as far as 40 kms from the original
____________ site.
(Adapted from https://www.ifrc.org/en/what-we-do/
disaster-management/about-disasters/definition-of-hazard/volcanic-eruptions/)
Task 2:
Writing
1.
Nest building is an instinct.
2
.
Ca
rdinals and thrushes make this kind of nest.
3.
Bi
rds do not learn to build nests.
4.
So
me swallows make their nests in a hole in a tree
or r
ock.
Rearrange the following
sentences to form
a good paragraph.
110
Kelas XII SMA/MA/SMK/MAK
5.
They line the bottom of the hole with grass, feathers,
fu
r, and moss.
6.
Man
y birds make a cup-shaped nest out of twigs
and
grass.
Do you know how to create a factual report?
Respond to these questions to check whether you understand
how to create a factual report about natural phenomena.
1. Do you use general information to
i
ntroduce
y
our
t
opic
a
s
a
c
lassification?
2. Do you give necessary description
(
specific
f
eatures)
u
sing
s
ubheadings?
3. Do you use present verbs?
4. Do you pay attention to spelling,
punctuation, capitalization,
and formatting?
5. Do you use references?
Source: www.123trf.com
REFLECTION