Gambar Sampul Fisika · f_Bab 6 Elektromagnetik
Fisika · f_Bab 6 Elektromagnetik
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 a_Bab 1 Gejala Gelombangb_Bab 2 Gelombang Cahayac_Bab 3 Gelombang Bunyid_Bab 4 Medan Listrike_Bab 5 Medan Magnetikf_Bab 6 Elektromagnetikg_bab 7 Radiasi Benda Hitamh_Bab 8 Fisika Atomi_Bab 9 Teori Relativitas Khususj_Bab 10 Fisika Inti dan Radiaktivitas
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Induksi Elektromagnetik131memformulasikan konsep induksi Faraday dan arus bolak-balik, keterkaitannya,serta aplikasinya.Setelah mempelajari bab ini, Anda harus mampu:menerapkan konsep kelistrikan dan kemagnetan dalam berbagai penyelesaianmasalah dan produk teknologi.Hasil yang harus Anda capai:InduksiElektromagnetikA. Gejala InduksiElektromagnetikB. Aplikasi InduksiElektromagnetikFaradayC. Arus dan TeganganListrik Bolak-balik)14112>41C5<18=5=@5<1:1A9=541>=17>5CG1>749C9=2D<;1>?<58;1F1C25A1ADB<9BCA9; 5:1<19>9C5<18491=1C9?<58*.$-%./%*"-./"!@141  -18D;18>41218F1@5AD2181>=541>=17>5C41@1C=5>9=2D<;1>1ADB<9BCA9; 5:1<19>949=1>611C;1>D>CD;=5>781B9<;1><9BCA9;G1>7497D>1;1>D>CD;25A21719;5@5A<D1>,5217193?>C?8B5@5AC9C1=@1;@14171=21AB52D1875>5A1C?AA1;B1B1497D>1;1>B521719BD=25A<9BCA9; 5>5A1C?A9>9=5=1>611C;1>75:1<19>4D;B95<5;CA?=17>5C9;@1;189>4D;B95<5;CA?=17>5C9;9CD41;18@5=1>611C1><19>41A99>4D;B95<5;CA?=17>5C9;B5<19>75>5A1C?A5B1A1>25B1A1>1@1B1:1G1>7C5A<921C41<1=9>4D;B95<5;CA?=17>5C9;#1F121>1C1B@5AC1>G11>@5AC1>G11>C5AB52DC41@1C>41C5=D;1>41<1=2129>9(<58;1A5>19CD@5<1:1A9<182129>945>71>219;131Generator listrik mampu mengubah energi kinetik menjadi energi listrikmelalui proses induksi elektromagnetik.Bab6Sumber: Physics Today, 1989
Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII132""(0))"),"(&-%'+*.",*!0'.%("'/-+)#*"/%''"-&'*($.+(.+("-%'0/!()0'0(/%$*Tes Kompetensi Awal  )141=1C5A9212B525<D=>G1>41C5<18=5>75>1<(5ABC5445>71>@5>5=D1>>G1C5>C1>71ADB<9BCA9;1719=1>1;1881B9<5;B@5A9=5>>G1&D>7;9>;1865>?=5>1;521<9;1>>G1C5A:149,91@1;18G1>7=5=2D;C9;1>>G1  &5>DADC>41=5>71@1CA1>B6?A=1C?AB5<1<D498D2D>7;1>45>71>1ADB2?<1;21<9;@1G1>71;1>C5A:149:9;1CA1>B6?A=1C?A498D2D>7;1>@1411ADBB51A18  -18D;18>4114125A1@1:5>9BCA1>B6?A=1C?A25A41B1A;1>6D>7B9>G1 @1;18@5A25411>;1@1B9C?A41>9>4D;C?A25A41B1A;1>:5>9B1ADBG1>741@1C=5<1<D9>G1A. Gejala Induksi Elektromagnetik1.Pengertian Induksi Elektromagnetik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ambar 6.1Induksi elektromagnetik(a) ketika magnet diam, jarumgalvanometer juga diam, (b) ketikamagnet dimasukkan ke dalamkumparan, jarum galvanometerbergerak ke kanan, dan (c) ketikamagnet dikeluarkan dari dalamkumparan, jarum galvanometerbergerak ke kiri.123Aktivitas Fisika 6.1Induksi ElektromagnetikTujuan PercobaanMengamati arus induksiAlat-Alat Percobaan1. Kumparan2. Galvanometer3. Magnet batangLangkah-Langkah Percobaan1. Susunlah peralatan seperti gambar berikut.kumparanmagnetgalvanometer
Induksi Elektromagnetik1332.Hukum Faraday 7<9>4D;B94981B9<;1>41A9@A?B5B9>4D;B95<5;CA?=17>5C9; 7<9>4D;B9C9=2D<:9;1141@5AD2181>6<D;B=541>=17>5C4941<1=;D=@1A1> 7<9>4D;B99>9<18G1>7=5>G5212;1>=5>71<9A>G11ADB<9BCA9;9>4D;B9@141BD1CDA1>7;191>C5ACDCD@5B1A>G177<9>4D;B925A71>CD>7;5@14161;C?A61;C?AB52171925A9;DC1 $. *+."( &.%, '( '!(- &' %.'*+(,5=1;9>25B1A<1:D@5AD2181>>G1B5=1;9>25B1A@D<177<G1>74981B9<;1>2 .'&" &#&#-( %.'*+(,5=1;9>21>G1;:D=<18<9<9C1>;D=@1A1>B5=1;9>25B1A@D<177<G1>74981B9<;1>5A41B1A;1>81B9<5;B@5A9=5>G1>749<1;D;1>>G1-!2=5>GDBD>!D;D=1A141G!D;D=9>9G1>7=5>G1C1;1>218F1!2 !+% &#,-+#%#(.%,# ,(#(! (!( &$. *+."( &.%, '( '!(- 2(! -+$# #&' %.'*+()5A>G1C11>!D;D=1A141G9>941@1C49>G1C1;1>41<1=25>CD;@5AB1=11>B52171925A9;DC-J $5C5A1>71> 77<9>4D;B9/- B5<1>7F1;CDB @5AD2181>6<D;B=17>5C9;02 :D=<18<9<9C1>(<58;1A5>13?B"-.)* 341@1C49>G1C1;1>41<1=@5AB1=11>25A9;DC3?B-J $5C5A1>71> ;D1C=541>=17>5C9;02 = <D1B2941>7;D=@1A1>= BD4DC1>C1A11A189>4D;B9=17>5C9;41>1A18>?A=1<2941>7;D=@1A1>5A41B1A;1>"-.)* 3 41@1C49@181=9218F177<9>4D;B91C1D1ADB9>4D;B941@1CC5A:1491;921C1 @5AD2181>;D1C=541>=17>5C9;2 @5AD2181><D1B2941>7;D=@1A1>G1>749C5=2DB?<58=541>=17>5C9;2. Siapkan magnet batang, kemudian dekatkan pada kumparan, dan diamkan.Catat hasil pengamatan Anda.3. Gerakkan magnet mendekati kumparan atau masukkan ke dalam kumparan.Amati jarum galvanometer dan catat hasil pengamatannya.4. Diamkan magnet batang di dalam kumparan. Amati jarum galvanometer dancatat hasil pengamatannya.5. Gerakkan magnet batang dengan arah menjauhi kumparan atau keluarkumparan, amati jarum galvanometer, dan catat hasil pengamatannya.6. Balikkan polaritas magnet batang, lakukan lagi percobaan langkah 2 danlangkah 5. Catat hasil pengamatannya.7. Tulis kesimpulan Anda tentang kegiatan ini.Gambar 6.2Garis-garis gaya magnetik yangmembentuk sudut terhadapgaris normal.To k o hMichael Faraday(1791–1867)Michael Faraday adalah seorang ahliFisika, ahli Kimia, dan ahli Filsafatberkebangsaan Inggris, tepatnyalahir di Newington Butts, Surey, padatahun 1971. Ia bersama-sama denganJoseph Henry menemukanfenomena induksi elektromagnetik.Penemuan ini merupakan kebalikandari penemuan Oersted, yaitu darimedan listrik dapat menghasilkanarus listrik.Sumber:www.allbiographies.comBAgarisnormalI
Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII134Tantanganuntuk AndaBagaimana pengaruh perubahanlilitan terhadap ggl induksi?,52D18=17>5C4975A1;;1>=5>:1D89;D=@1A1>G1>7C5A49A91C1B <9<9C1>1<1=F1;CD  B6<D;B=17>5C9;G1>7=5>5=2DB;D=@1A1>25A;DA1>741A9K J02=5>:149 K J025A1@177<G1>7499>4D;B9;1>@141D:D>7D:D>7;D=@1A1>19;5C18D9  <9<9C1>-  B K J02JK J02JK J02 02  /  B-#14977<G1>7499>4D;B9;1>141<18  /Contoh 6.13.Ggl Induksi karena Perubahan Luas Bidang Kumparan,5BD1945>71>!D;D=1A141GB5C91@;1<9BD1CD21C1>7;?>4D;C?A25A75A1;41<1==541>=17>5C9;89>771=5=?C?>771A9B71A9B71G1=17>5C9;1;1>C9=2D<77<9>4D;B9 7<9>4D;B941@1CC5A:1491;921C@5AD2181><D1B2941>7;D=@1A1>G1>749C5=2DB?<58=541>=17>5C9;)5A81C9;1>)-  &541>=17>5C8?=?75>45>71>A1@1C71A9B71G1 41>C571;<DADB=1BD;2941>7;5AC1B#9;1@5>781>C1A)*4975A1;;1>;5;1>1>45>71>;535@1C1>/B5:1D811;1>C5A:149@5AD2181>71A9B71G1G1>749<9>7;D@9?<5821C1>7;?>4D;C?A)*45>71>A1>7;191>;1F1C.)5AD2181><D1B@5AB1CD1>F1;CD1;921C@5A75B5A1>21C1>7;?>4D;C?A)*=5=5>D89@5AB1=11>25A9;DC  11/---5>71>45=9;91>77<9>4D;B9=5=5>D89@5AB1=11>25A9;DC    /---J -1>41>571C96=5>D>:D;;1>1A189>4D;B95<5;CA?=17>5C9;25A<1F1>1>45>71>1A18@5>G5212C5A25>CD;>G19>4D;B9.>CD;@5>G545A81>11>@5>D<9B1>B5A9>7;1<9C1>41>571C96C941;49CD<9B.>CD;;D=@1A1>G1>7C5A49A91C1BB1CD<9<9C1> @5AB1=11>>G1=5>:149 /J(<58;1A5>1;1F1C25A25>CD;.41>21C1>7;?>4D;C?A)*=5=25>CD;A1>7;191>C5ACDCD@@141;1F1CC5AB52DC1;1>=5>71<9A1ADB9>4D;B9A181ADB9>4D;B9G1>749@5A<981C;1>@141)-  41@1C49C5>CD;1>45>71>=5>5A1@;1>!D;D=%5>HG1>7=5>G1C1;1>218F1:9;11A189>4D;B9=17>5C =5>D:D;541<1=2941>7;5AC1B41>1A18/Gambar 6.3Penghantar PQ digerakkandengan kecepatan vdi dalammedan magnet homogen B.BRPQvxIGambar 6.4Gerak elektron dalam batangkonduktor bergerak di atasmedan magnet.vFve
Induksi Elektromagnetik135;5;1>1>=D1C1>>571C96@14121C1>7;?>4D;C?A)*1;1>=5>41@1C71G1;521F18A181ADB<9BCA9;B5BD1945>71>1A18=D1C1>@?B9C96B589>7711A181ADB9>4D;B941<1=21C1>7;?>4D;C?A141<1841A9*;5)(<58;1A5>11A181ADB9>4D;B941<1=21C1>7;?>4D;C?A41A9*;5)B541>7;1>1A189>4D;B9=17>5C9;;541<1=2941>7;5AC1B1;1>C9=2D<71G1=17>5C9;G1>71A18>G1;5;9A9>4141@1C=5=2D;C9;1>>G1=5>77D>1;1>;19418C1>71>;1>1>5B1A>G171G1=17>5C9;C5AB52DC=5=5>D89@5AB1=11>J>41@5A81C9;1>;5=21<9)-  1<1=;1F1C.=5>71<9A1ADB<9BCA9;1;921C141>G12541@?C5>B91<491>C1A1C9C9;)41>*5B1A>G12541@?C5>B91<C5AB52DCB1=145>71>25B1A>G177<9>4D;B9@14121C1>7;?>4D;C?A5A41B1A;1>!D;D=(8=25B1A>G1;D1C1ADB<9BCA9;G1>7=5>71<9A@141;1F1C.141<18B52171925A9;DC / J&5>DADC!D;D=$5;5;1<1>>5A795>5A79G1>7497D>1;1>D>CD;=5=9>418;1>=D1C1>4941<1=21C1>7;?>4D;C?A)*B1=145>71>5>5A79G1>7497D>1;1>D>CD;=5=9>418;1>=D1C1>@141;1F1C.(<58;1A5>19CD;D1C1ADBG1>7=5>71<9A41<1=;1F1C.B1=145>71>;D1C1ADB9>4D;B9G1>7=5>71<9A@14121C1>7;?>4D;C?A)*5>71>45=9;91>"-.)* 3 41@1C49BD2BC9CDB9;1>;541<1="-.)* 3 B589>77149@5A?<58@5AB1=11>21ADB52171925A9;DC / /J$5C5A1>71> 71G1%?A5>CH'/;535@1C1>= B ;D1C=541>=17>5C02 =@1>:1>7@5>781>C1A=81=21C1>Para teknisi ini sedang memasanggenerator pada instalasi pembangkitlistrik di Meksiko. Bagian yangterlihat di sini adalah stator, yangtidak bergerak. Selanjutnya, ke dalamstator itu dimasukkan rotor. Rotormerupakan sebuah elektromagnetikkuat yang dapat berputar dengankecepatan tinggi. Akibat perputaranrotor, terjadi perubahan medanmagnetik dan membangkitkan aruslistrik pada kumparan di dalam stator.The pisture have shown thetechnician placing generator onelectrical instalation in Mexico. Youcan see a part, called stator. The rotoris put inside it. Rotor is a strongelectromagnetic device that can spinwith cause the velocity. That spin iswhat cause the change of magneticfield and generate electrical elementon coil inside stator.Sumber: The Oxford Children’s Book ofScience, 1995Informasiuntuk AndaInformation for YouContoh 6.2$1F1C@5>781>C1A)*@1>:1>7>G1 3=41>=1BB1>G1 741@1C25A75A1;E5AC9;1<2521B;521F18@141;1F1CA1>7;191>9B5;9C1A>G1C5A41@1C=541>=17>5CB525B1A -45>71>1A18;5<D1A2941>7;5AC1BB5@5AC9C1=@1;@14171=21AQPBFvw = mg0,25R20 cm
Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII136Tantanganuntuk AndaSebuah penghantar berbentuk Uterletak di dalam daerah berinduksimagnetik homogen B = 4 × 10–3 Tberarah menembus bidang kertas.Penghantar PQ sepanjang 40 cmmenempel pada penghantar U dandigerakkan ke kanan dengankecepatan tetap v = 10 m/s. Hitungggl induksi antara ujung-ujung PQ.arah telapak tanganarah jari lainarah ibu jariFBI-5>CD;1>1 1A181ADB41<1=;1F1C@5>781>C1A)*2 ;535@1C1>;?>BC1>;1F1C@5>781>C1A11 1G125A1C@5>781>C1A)*B525B1A '!=5>G5212;1>@5>781>C1A)*25A75A1;45>71>;535@1C1>/;521F18 5A1;@5>781>C1A)*G1>7=5=?C?>7C571;<DADB=541>=17>5C=5>9=2D<;1>71G1%?A5>CHG1>71A18>G1;51C1B$535@1C1>;?>BC1>@5>781>C1A)*C5A31@19;5C9;125B1A71G1%?A5>CHB1=145>71>25B1A71G125A1C@5>781>C1A)*,5BD1945>71>!D;D=%5>H218F11A181ADB41@1C49C5>CD;1>45>71>1CDA1>;19418C1>71>;1>1>B5@5AC9@14171=21AA189>4D;B9=17>5C9;;5<D1A2941>71A1871G1%?A5>CH;51C1B41>1A181ADB#@141@5>781>C1A;5;9A9G19CD41A9*;5)2 $535@1C1>;?>BC1>C5A31@19;5C9;171G1%?A5>CHB1=145>71>71G125A1C@5>781>C1A9;5C18D971G1%?A5>CH@141"-.)* 3 /B541>7;1>71G1 '!B589>771 /'!'!/ &/  ;7 = B   02 =  = = B#149;535@1C1>;?>BC1>;1F1C141<18 = B4. Induktansi Diri#9;1B52D18;D=@1A1>491<9A91ADB<9BCA9;G1>725B1A>G125AD218D218C5A8141@F1;CD1;1>C9=2D<6<D;B=17>5C9;'G1>725B1A>G1:D7125AD218C5A8141@F1;CD)5AD2181>6<D;B=17>5C9;B521>49>745>71>;D1C1ADB,531A1=1C5=1C9B49CD<9BB52171925A9;DC'1C1D' J145>71>=5AD@1;1>BD1CD;?>BC1>C1G1>749B52DC45>71>9>4D;C1>B949A9;D=@1A1>C5AB52DC">4D;C1>B949A9C571;<DADBC5A8141@25>CD;75?=5CA9;;D=@1A1>>G1,1CD1>9>4D;C1>B991<1885>AG!5>CD;D=D=9>49;1C?A25AD@1B?<5>?941B531A1<1>7BD>79>4D;C1>B949A9B?<5>?9419>941@1C4989CD>7B5@5AC925A9;DC9>9'J2Induktor adalah sebuahelektromagnet, yaitu sebuahkumparan kawat dengan atau tanpainti magnetik yang menghasilkanmagnetisme jika arus mengalirmelewatinya.Inductor is an electromagnet, made ofwire coil with or without magneticcore which can produce magnetismwhen electric current through.Sumber:Jendela Iptek, 1997Informasiuntuk AndaSumber:www.linearmagnetics.comInformation for You
Induksi Elektromagnetik137(<58;1A5>16<D;B=17>5C9;D>CD;<9<9C1>@141B?<5>?941141<18'  ((=1;19>4D;C1>B949A9B?<5>?941141<18B52171925A9;DC(J"-.)* 325A<1;D:D71D>CD;9>4D;C1>B949A9@141@DB1CC?A?941;1A5>125B1A9>4D;B9=17>5C491>C1A1;54D1>G1B1=1G19CDB525B1A(#9;1@5>1=@1>7B?<5>?9411C1DC?A?941499B9?<582181>G1>7=5=9<9;9@5A=5129<9C1BA5<1C96+49=1>1@5A=5129<9C1B2181>141<18+J ">4D;C1>B949A9B?<5>?94141>C?A?94145>71>2181>C5AB52DC141<18+( J $5C5A1>71>9>4D;C1>B949A9B?<5>?9411C1DC?A?94145>71>9>C92181>!9>4D;C1>B949A9B?<5>?9411C1DC?A?941C1>@19>C9!Gambar 6.5Sebuah rangkaian tertutup (a) saklar sditutup, lampu menyala dan (b) saklar sdibuka, lampu masih menyala beberapasaat kemudian padam.1SSILLPP2Contoh 6.3-?A?94145>71><D1B@5>1=@1>73=41>@1>:1>7>G1 3==5=9<9;9 <9<9C1>-5>CD;1><189>4D;C1>B949A9C?A?941C5AB52DC19;5C18D93=K J=  3= =K J02 =B589>77149@5A?<58  02 =  = = K J!!#1499>4D;C1>B949A9C?A?941141<18!,D1CDA1>7;191>G1>7C5A49A91C1BB52D18;D=@1A1>9>4D;C?AB52D18<1=@D)41>BD=25AC571>71>G1>749<5>7;1@945>71>B52D18B1;<1AC1=@1;@141)-  $5C9;1B1;<1A498D2D>7;1><1=@DC941;B575A1=5>G1<1=1;B9=D=C5C1@9141:541F1;CDB5B11C)141B11C1ADB49@DCDB;1>@141B1;<1A@5>78D2D>7<1=@DC941;B575A1@141=C5C1@9141:541F1;CDB5B11C)5A81C9;1>)-  )5A9BC9F19>9=5>D>:D;;1>C9=2D<>G11ADB9>4D;B9G1>749B5212;1>?<58141>G1@5AD2181>6<D;B=17>5C9;@1419>4D;C?A)5AD2181>1ADB@141B52D18;D=@1A1>41@1C=5>9=2D<;1>77<9>4D;B9G1>725B1A>G125A21>49>7<DADB45>71>35@1C>G1@5AD2181>;D1C1ADB>G1,531A1=1C5=1C9B@5A>G1C11>G1>749;5=D;1;1>@5AC1=1;1<9?<58+.",$"*-29>949CD<9B;1>B52171925A9;DC -J Pembahasan SoalKuat arus listrik dalam suaturangkaian tiba-tiba turun dari 10 Amenjadi 2 A dalam waktu 0,1 s.Selama peristiwa ini terjadi, timbulggl induksi sebesar 32 V dalamrangkaian. Induktansi rangkaianadalah ....a.0,32 Hb.0,40 Hc.2,5 Hd.32 He.40 HUMPTN 1993Pembahasan:Diketahui:I = 10 A – 2 A = 8 Aind= 32 VinddILd32 V = 3,2 V8 AsL = 3,2 8 sVA = 0,4 HJawaban: e
Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII138Gambar 6.6Sebuah kawat induktoryang dialiri arus listrik.Iab-1>41>571C96=5AD@1;1>@5>G5BD191>45>71>!D;D=%5>H#9;1<1:D@5AD2181>;D1C1ADB -;?>BC1>=1;1"-.)* 341@1C49CD<9B;1>B52171925A9;DC--- J $5C5A1>71>;D1C1ADB<9BCA9;@141;51411>1F1<;D1C1ADB<9BCA9;@141;51411>1;89A--J-B5<1>7F1;CD@5AD2181>;D1C1ADB<9BCA9;BContoh 6.4,52D18;D=@1A1>45>71>9>4D;C1>B949A9  !491<9A91ADBB5217196D>7B9F1;CD  J-41<1=1=@5A541>-41<1=B5;?>-5>CD;1>77<9>4D;B949A9G1>7C5A:149B11C- B19;5C18D9  ! J-5>71>=5>77D>1;1>"-.)* 3 49@5A?<58   --J  !J-J  J /#14977<9>4D;B949A9@141B11C- 141<18/5.Energi yang Tersimpan dalam Induktor">4D;C?A=1=@D=5>G9=@1>5>5A79>5A79C5AB52DCC5AB9=@1>41<1=25>CD;=541>=17>5C)5A81C9;1>)-  #9;1B52D189>4D;C?A491<9A91ADB<9BCA9; G1>7B5<1<D25AD218C5A8141@F1;CD25B1A>G1C571>71>1>C1A1C9C9;41>141<18 -J B589>77125B1A>G141G1G1>74925A9;1>@1419>4D;C?A141<18     -- J >5A79G1>74925A9;1>@1419>4D;C?A49@5A?<5845>71>=5>79>C57A1B9;1>41G1@1419>4D;C?AB589>77149@5A?<58@5AB1=11>-  --
Induksi Elektromagnetik139   J 6.Rapat Energi dalam Bentuk Medan Magnetik-5<1849;5C18D925B1A>G19>4D;B9=17>5C9;49@DB1CB?<5>?941=5=5>D89@5AB1=11>25A9;DC(1C1D(41@D>9>4D;C1>B949A9@141B?<5>?941141<18(#9;1>9<1941>>9<199>4D;C1>B9>41BD2BC9CDB9;1>;541<1="-.)* 3 1;1>49@5A?<58@5AB1=11>  ( (J 5>71>E?<D=5B?<5>?941 C?A?941141<18#9;1A1@1C5>5A791C1D5>5A79@5AB1CD1>E?<D=5;9C14925A9>?C1B925A<1;D8D2D>71> J Contoh 6.5,52D18B?<5>?941=5=9<9;9:D=<18<9<9C1>B521>G1; 2D18@1>:1>741><D1B@5>1=@1>7B?<5>?941141<183=41> 3=!9CD>7<181 9>4D;C1>B949A9B?<5>?9412 5>5A79G1>74981B9<;1>@141B?<5>?941:9;11ADB<9BCA9;G1>7=5>71<9AB525B1A 3 25B1A77<9>4D;B949A9G1>7C5A:149:9;141<1=F1;CDB;D1C1ADB25AD218=5>:149 19;5C18D9 <9<9C1> 3= K J=3=K J = 1 ">4D;C1>B949A9B?<5>?941141<18   02 =  =  ! =2 >5A79G1>74981B9<;1>@141B11C 141<18   !  #  3 5B1A %9>4D;B949A9:9;11ADB25AD218=5>:149 141<18   ! / B -Tantanganuntuk AndaSebuah kumparan (solenoida)memiliki induktansi 500 mH.Hitunglah besar induksi ggl yangdibangkitkan dalam kumparan itujika ada perubahan arus listrik dari100 mA menjadi 40 mA dalam waktu0,01 s secara beraturan.
Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII140Kata Kunci• gaya gelak listrik (ggl)• induksi elektromagnetik• Hukum Faraday• fluks medan magnetik• Hukum Lenz• gaya Lorentz• ggl induksi diri• kumparan primer• kumparan sekunder• induktansi silangGambar 6.8Perubahan arus pada kumparan1 akan memengaruhi arus padakumparan 2.I8.Induktansi Silang)5A81C9;1>)- -1=@1;4D12D18;D=@1A1>G19CD;D=@1A1>@A9=5A)41>;D=@1A1>B5;D>45A,G1>725A45;1C1>$D=@1A1>@A9=5A)498D2D>7;1>45>71>BD=25AC571>71>41>81=21C1>E1A9125<$D=@1A1>B5;D>45A,498D2D>7;1>45>71>B52D1871<E1>?=5C5A #9;1@141;D=@1A1>@A9=5AC5A:149@5AD2181>;D1C1ADB45>71>=5>7D218D21881=21C1>1;1>C5A:149@5AD2181>6<D;B=17>5C9;@141;D=@1A1>@A9=5A5>71>45=9;91>6<D;B=17>5C9;G1>749<9>7;D@9;D=@1A1>B5;D>45A@D>1;1>25AD218@D<1)5AD2181>6<D;B=17>5C9;C5AB52DC1;1>=5>9=2D<;1>77<@141;D=@1A1>B5;D>45A 7<G1>7C9=2D<@141;D=@1A1>@A9=5A=1D@D>;D=@1A1>B5;D>45A49B52DC#(.%-(,# ,#&(!1C1D#(.%-(,# -#'& &#%5B1A>G177<9>4D;B9G1>7C9=2D<@141;D=@1A1>B5;D>45A;1A5>1@5>71AD8@5AD2181>6<D;B=17>5C9;41<1=F1;CD-=5=5>D89@5AB1=11> --J  --J #9;1"-.)* 349C9>:1D<5298<1>:DC49@5A?<581C1D   --5>71>=5C?459>C57A1B91;1>49@5A?<58   J 5>71>=5>77D>1;1>@5>1<1A1>G1>7B1=1=1;141A9"-.)* 3 1;1>49@5A?<58J 5B1A6<D;B=17>5C9;G1>749C9=2D<;1>?<581ADB<9BCA9; 45>71>:D=<18<9<9C1>141<18 #9;1>9<1949BD2BC9CDB9;1>;541<1="-.)* 3 49@5A?<58@5AB1=11>25A9;DC J $5C5A1>71> ;D1C1ADB<9BCA9;;D=@1A1>@A9=5A 9>4D;C1>B9B9<1>7! :D=<18<9<9C1>;D=@1A1>B5;D>45A :D=<18<9<9C1>;D=@1A1>@A9=5A 6<D;B=17>5C9;G1>749<9>7;D@9?<58;D=@1A1>B5;D>45AG1>749C9=2D<;1>?<58;D=@1A1>@A9=5A02Gambar 6.7Induktor silang antaradua buah kumparan.RPSG
Induksi Elektromagnetik141Contoh 6.6,52D18B?<5>?941;D=@1A1> =5=9<9;9@1>:1>7 3=45>71><D1B@5>1=@1>7 K J =41>21>G1;<9<9C1>  <9<9C1>9B5;9C1A@DB1CB?<5>?94149<9<9C;1>;D=@1A1> 45>71>21>G1;<9<9C1> <9<9C1>-5>CD;1>1 9>4D;C1>B9B9<1>7;54D1;D=@1A1>2 77<G1>7C9=2D<@141;D=@1A1> :9;1@141;D=@1A1> =5>71<9A1ADBB525B1A G1>725A21<9;1A1841<1=F1;CD B11 5>71>=5>77D>1;1>"-.)* 3 25B1A9>4D;C1>B9B9<1>741@1C49C5>CD;1>B52171925A9;DC  02 =    = =  K J !2 )141;D=@1A1> D>CD;B5<1>7F1;CD- B;D1C1ADB 25A21<9;1A18B589>771#J J J5B1A77<9>4D;B9@141;D=@1A1> 41@1C49@5A?<58B52171925A9;DC2- ! / BTes Kompetensi Subbab A"-&'*($!()0'0(/%$*  #9;1=17>5C@5A=1>5>4975A1;;1>=5=1BD;9;D=@1A1>;1F1CG1>7C5A@1B1>7B52D181=@5A5=5C5A1<1CD;DA1ADB:1AD=1=@5A5=5C5A1;1>=5>G9=@1>741A9;54D4D;1>B5C9=21>7>G15B1A1>1@1;18G1>7=5>G5212;1>C9=2D<>G1@5>G9=@1>71>C5AB52DC@1;18G1>7C5A:149@141:1AD=1=@5A5=5C5A:9;11 21C1>7=17>5C491=41<1=;D=@1A1>2 21C1>7=17>5C4975A1;;1><529835@1C3 21C1>7=17>5C4975A1;;1>;5<D1A41A9;D=@1A1>  <D;B=17>5C9;G1>7=5=?C?>7BD1CD;D=@1A1>25A;DA1>741A902=5>:149 0241<1=F1;CD B#9;1;D=@1A1>C5A49A91C1B<9<9C1>C5>CD;1>77<G1>74981B9<;1>  )141B52D189>4D;C?A45>71> <9<9C1>=5>71<9A1ADB<9BCA9;G1>725AD218C5A8141@F1;CDG19CD   B1<1=F1;CDG1>7B1=1=5>9=2D<;1>@5AD2181>6<D;B=17>5CG1>749<9>7;D@9>G1B525B1A  02-5>CD;1>1 9>4D;B949A9;D=@1A1>2 77<9>4D;B949D:D>7D:D>7;D=@1A1> ,5@?C?>7;1F1C25A75A1;=5=?C?>7=541>=17>5C9;8?=?75>G1>725B1A>G1 -41>=5=25>CD;BD4DC I#9;1<D1B6<D;BG1>7C5A@?C?>7 =41<1=F1;CD BC5>CD;1>77<9>4D;B9G1>7C9=2D< $1F1C)*B5@1>:1>7 3=4975A1;;1>;5;1>1>45>71>;535@1C1> = B41>=5=?C?>7C571;<DADB9>4D;B9=17>5C9;K J -B5@5AC9@14171=21A-5>CD;1>25B1A71G1%?A5>CH@141;1F1C)*41>1A181ADB>G1 1<1=B52D18;D=@1A1>C5A41@1C@5AD2181>;D1C1ADBB525B1A G1>7=5>9=2D<;1>@5AD2181>6<D;B=17>5C9; 02@141;D=@1A1>;54D1G1>7C5A<5C1;49<D1A;D=@1A1>@5AC1=1-5>CD;1>9>4D;C1>B9B9<1>7;54D1;D=@1A1>:9;1;D=@1A1>;54D1=5=9<9;9  <9<9C1>QPR = 0,5v = 20 m/sB
Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII142sikatkarboncincinluncurarah putarankumparanB. Aplikasi Induksi Elektromagnetik Faraday@<9;1B99>4D;B95<5;CA?=17>5C9;1A141G41<1=;5894D@1>B581A981A91>C1A1<19>B52171925A9;DC1.Generator)5A>18;18>4125A;D>:D>7;5C5=@1C)5=21>7;9C%9BCA9;-5>1719AG1>714149#1C9<D8DA#1F11A1C9B1>1C5A41@1C1<1C<9BCA9;G1>749>1=1;1>!(+-)+ 5>5A1C?A141<181<1CG1>725A6D>7B9=5>7D2185>5A79;9>5C9;=5>:1495>5A79<9BCA9; 5>5A1C?A25;5A:125A41B1A;1>@A9>B9@9>4D;B95<5;CA?=17>5C9;-5A41@1C4D1:5>9B75>5A1C?AG19CD75>5A1C?A1ADB2?<1;21<9;41>75>5A1C?A1ADBB51A18a.Generator Arus Bolak-Balik)- =5>D>:D;;1>B;5=175>5A1C?A1ADB2?<1;21<9;1A1;5A:175>5A1C?AC5AB52DC141<18B52171925A9;DC  $D=@1A1>G1>749<5C1;;1>41<1==541>=17>5C9;49@DC1AB589>771=5>71<1=9@5AD2181>:D=<1871A9B71G1=17>5C9;;921C>G1C5A:14977<9>4D;B9G1>7=1=@D=5>781B9<;1>1ADB<9BCA9;ADB<9BCA9;G1>74981B9<;1>>G125AD@11ADB2?<1;21<9;1C1D &-+(-#(! .++(-;1A5>1B5C91@;1A2?>1;1>=5>41@1C;1>@?<1A9C1B77<9>4D;B9G1>725AD218D218;DCD2@?B9C9641>;DCD2>571C96B531A125A71>C91>  .>CD;=5>G1<DA;1>1ADB<9BCA9;G1>749@5A?<58;54D1D:D>7;D=@1A1>49@1B1>7939>39>G1>7C5A@9B1841>49C5=@5<;1>@141B9;1C;1A2?>G1>7498D2D>7;1>45>71>;125<@5>G1<DAb.Generator Arus Searah)14141B1A>G1@A9>B9@;5A:175>5A1C?A1ADBB51A18B1=145>71>@A9>B9@;5A:175>5A1C?A1ADB2?<1;21<9;)5A25411>>G1@14175>5A1C?A1ADBB51A1849@1B1>7%)'.--)+25AD@1B52D1839>39>25<18D>7B9;?=DC1C?A9>9=5>71CDA171AB5C91@B9;1C;1A2?>B5<1<D=5>41@1C;1>@?<1A9C1B77<9>4D;B9G1>7C5C1@B9;1C@5AC1=1@?B9C9641>B9;1C<19>>G1>571C962.Transformator (Trafo)+(, )+'-)+141<181<1CG1>725A6D>7B9=5>7D218=5>19;;1>1C1D=5>DAD>;1>C571>71><9BCA9; (<58;1A5>19CDCA1>B6?A=1C?A492179=5>:1494D1:5>9BG19CDCA1>B6?A=1C?A,-*.*41>CA1>B6?A=1C?A,-*)0(Gambar 6.9Skema generator arus bolak-balikGambar 6.10Skema generator arus searahkumparankomutatorsikat karbonarah putaran
Induksi Elektromagnetik143-A1>B6?A=1C?AC5A49A91C1B;D=@1A1>@A9=5A;D=@1A1>B5;D>45A41>9>C925B9?>C?8CA1>B6?A=1C?A49CD>:D;;1>@141)- a.Transformator Step-up-A1>B6?A=1C?A,-*.*25A6D>7B9=5>19;;1>C571>71><9BCA9;171>B545A81>1B52D18CA1>B6?A=1C?A,-*.*49CD>:D;;1>@141)-  )141CA1>B6?A=1C?ABC5@D@:D=<18<9<9C1>B5;D>45A<529821>G1;41A9@141:D=<18<9<9C1>@A9=5A,*b.Transformator Step-down-A1>B6?A=1C?A,-*)0(25A6D>7B9=5>DAD>;1>C571>71><9BCA9;171>B545A81>1B52D18CA1>B6?A=1C?A,-*)0(49CD>:D;;1>@141)-  )141CA1>B6?A=1C?A,-*)0(:D=<18<9<9C1>@A9=5A<529821>G1;41A9@141:D=<18<9<9C1>B5;D>45A*,)A9>B9@;5A:1CA1>B6?A=1C?A141<18B52171925A9;DC  $D=@1A1>@A9=5A498D2D>7;1>45>71>C571>71>=1BD;1>25AD@11ADB2?<1;21<9;25B1A41>1A18>G1B5<1<D25AD218D218  (<58;1A5>11ADBG1>725AD218D218@1419>C925B9C5A:149@5AD2181>:D=<1871A9B71G1=17>5C9;B531A1C5ADB=5>5ADB;921C>G1@141;D=@1A1>B5;D>45AC5A:14977<9>4D;B941>1ADB9>4D;B9B521719;5<D1A1>).-*.-41A9CA1>B6?A=1C?A)5A21>49>71>1>C1A1C571>71>@A9=5A*41>C571>71>B5;D>45A,@141CA1>B6?A=1C?AB1=145>71>@5A21>49>71>1>C1A1:D=<18<9<9C1>@A9=5A*41><9<9C1>B5;D>45A,,531A1=1C5=1C9B41@1C49CD<9BB52171925A9;DC**,,J $5C5A1>71>*C571>71>@A9=5A/*:D=<18<9<9C1>@A9=5A,C571>71>B5;D>45A/,:D=<18<9<9C1>B5;D>45A#9;1@141CA1>B6?A=1C?A491>771@C941;1415>5A79<9BCA9;G1>725AD218=5>:1495>5A7925>CD;<19>CA16?9451<25A<1;D8D2D>71>B52171925A9;DC41G1@A9=5A41G1B5;D>45A@B1C1D@@BBJ $5C5A1>71>*41G1@A9=5A0,41G1B5;D>45A0*1ADB@A9=5A,1ADBB5;D>45AGambar 6.11TransformatorGambar 6.12Bagan transformator step-upprimerNpsekunderNsGambar 6.13Bagan transformator step-downSumber: PHYWE, 1989primerNpsekunderNs
Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII144Aktivitas Fisika 6.2Membuat TransformatorTujuan PercobaanMembuat transformator step-up.Alat-Alat Percobaan1. Kawat tembaga kira-kira 1 m2. Sumber tegangan 12 V (AC)Langkah-Langkah Percobaan1.Susunlah peralatan seperti gambar berikut.2.Lilitkan 10 lilitan kawat pada bagian kiri inti besi, sebagai kumparan primer.Kemudian, sebanyak 20 lilitan pada bagian karena inti besi yang lain, sebagaikumparan sekunder. Hubungkan dengan sumber tegangan.3.Catat besar tegangan yang terbaca pada voltmeter.4.Teruskan menambah 10 lilitan pada kumparan sekunder hingga menjadi 50lilitan. Amati dan catat besar tegangan yang terbaca pada voltmeter.5.Masukkan data hasil pengamatan Anda pada tabel. Kemudian, buatlah grafiktegangan sekunder terhadap jumlah lilitan sekunder.6.Berikan kesimpulan Anda dari kegiatan ini.kumparaninti besivoltmeterNo1.2.3.4.Jumlah Lilitan Sekunder20304050Data PercobaanBesar Tegangan Sekunder................Contoh 6.7,52D18CA16?BC5@4?F>1;1>497D>1;1>D>CD;=5>G1<1;1>A149? /41A9BD=25A)%' /-5>CD;1>1 @5A21>49>71><9<9C1>@A9=5A41>B5;D>45ACA16?C5AB52DC2 :D=<18<9<9C1>@A9=5A:9;1<9<9C1>B5;D>45A>G1 <9<9C1>3 1ADBG1>7497D>1;1>A149?:9;149;D=@1A1>@A9=5AC5A41@1C1ADBB525B1A 19;5C18D9* /, <9<9C1>, / * 1 )5A21>49>71>C571>71>B521>49>745>71>@5A21>49>71>:D=<18<9<9C1> / /***,,,#149@5A21>49>71>*B  2 5A41B1A;1>81B9<@5A89CD>71>21791>=1;1  **#149:D=<18<9<9C1>@A9=5A  <9<9C1>3 .>CD;=5>789CD>71ADB<9BCA9;41@1C497D>1;1>@5AB1=11>*,1C1D* *,,  / /*,,,*, #1491ADBG1>7497D>1;1>A149?141<18Tantanganuntuk AndaAnda memiliki walkman yangmenggunakan baterai 3 V.Bagaimana caranya agarwalkman tersebut dapatmenggunakan listrik dari PLNyang besarnya 220 V?
Induksi Elektromagnetik145)141;5>G1C11>>G1C941;141CA1>B6?A=1C?AG1>79451<,521791>5>5A79<9BCA9;25AD218=5>:14925>CD;5>5A79<19>41<1=CA1>B6?A=1C?A=9B1<>G15>5A79@1>1B#149D>CD;CA1>B6?A=1C?AC941;9451<B5<1<D25A<1;D41G1B5;D>45A<5298;539<41A9@14141G1@A9=5A,*B589>771569B95>B9>G1<5298;539<41A9 69B95>B9B52D18CA1>B6?A=1C?A494569>9B9;1>B52171981B9<217941G1<9BCA9;B5;D>45A45>71>41G1<9BCA9;@A9=5A69B95>B9CA1>B6?A=1C?A49>G1C1;1>41<1=@5AB5>B531A1=1C5=1C9B49CD<9B ,*J $5C5A1>71>569B95>B9CA1>B6?A=1C?A,41G1<9BCA9;B5;D>45A*41G1<9BCA9;@A9=5AContoh 6.8Tidak ada transformator yangefisiensinya 100% karena sebagianenergi listrik berubah menjadibentuk energi lain.Ingatlah,52D18CA1>B6?A=1C?A41<1=B52D18A149?CA1>B9BC?A41@1C=5>7D218C571>71>41A9 /=5>:149/#D=<18<9<9C1>B5;D>45A>G1 <9<9C1>C5A>G1C1;D1C1ADBG1>7=5>71<9A@141A149? #9;1569B95>B9CA1>B6?A=1C?AC5AB52DC C5>CD;1>1 ;D1C1ADB<9BCA9;@141;D=@1A1>@A9=5A2 41G1@A9=5A41>41G1B5;D>45A19;5C18D9* /, <9<9C1>,/, 1 -A1>B6?A=1C?AC941;25AB961C9451<=1;125A<1;D  ,,,***    /      /**#149;D1C1ADB<9BCA9;@141;D=@1A1>@A9=5A141<18  2 .>CD;=5>789CD>741G1@141B5C91@;D=@1A1>41@1C497D>1;1>@5AB1=11>*** /  0#14941G1@A9=5A>G1141<180,,,/  0#14941G1B5;D>45A>G1141<18 0c.Arus Pusar pada Transformator)5A81C9;1>21C1>7;?>4D;C?A1>C1A14D1=D;1;DCD25<5;CA?=17>5C9;B5@5AC9G1>749CD>:D;;1>@141)-  #9;1=541>=17>5C9;1>C1A1=D;1;DCD29CD25AD218C5A8141@F1;CD6<D;BG1>7=5<1<D9B5=21A1>7B9=@1<C5ACDCD@41<1=21C1>71;1>25AD218:D71B589>771C9=2D<1ADBADB9>949>1=1;1>45>71>+., 21C1D1ADB@DB1AADB@DB1AG1>7C5A:149@1419>C9CA16?=5AD79;1>B5212CA16?;589<1>71>5>5A791C1D41G1>G1=5>:149@1>1B#9;1@1>1B9>93D;D@C9>779CA16?41@1CC5A21;1AB589>771ADB1;.>CD;=5>35718;5AD791>41G121C1>7;?>4D;C?ACA1>B6?A=1C?A492D1C25A<1@9B<1@9BB5@5AC9@141)-  91>C1A1<1@9B1>@5<1C<?71=4925A99B?<1B9&%+B589>771<9>7;1A1>1ADB@DB1A=5>:149Gambar 6.14(a) Trafo dengan inti besi.(b) Trafo dengan inti besiberupa lempengan yangterpisahkan oleh laker.arus pusarinti besikumparan12
Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII146;539<5>71>31A1B5@5AC99>9;5AD791>41G11;921C1ADB@DB1A41@1C49;DA1>79-941;B5=D11ADB@DB1A25AB961C=5AD79;1>@1412525A1@1@5A1<1C1>G1>7=5>77D>1;1>@A9>B9@9>4D;B95<5;CA?=17>5C9;1ADB@DB1AG1>7C9=2D<41@1C=5>7D>CD>7;1>B5@5AC9@141A5==17>5C9;CD>7;D<9BCA9;41>B5CA9;1<9BCA9;3.Transmisi Daya Listrik Jarak Jauh-A1>B=9B941G1<9BCA9;:1A1;:1D8=5AD@1;1>@A?B5B@5>G1<DA1>41G1<9BCA9;;5C5=@1CCD:D1>C5AC5>CDG1>7:1A1;>G1:1D841A9@DB1C@5=21>7;9C<9BCA9;%9BCA9;G1>7B1=@1949AD=18AD=18@5>4D4D;141<1881B9<CA1>B=9B941G1<9BCA9;:1A1;:1D8414D131A1=5>CA1>B=9B9;1>41G1<9BCA9;:1A1;:1D8G19CD  45>71>;D1C1ADB<9BCA9;25B1AG1>74981B9<;1>?<5875>5A1C?A  45>71>C571>71>G1>7<5298C9>77941A9C571>71>G1>74981B9<;1>?<5875>5A1C?A)141D=D=>G1CA1>B=9B941G1<9BCA9;:1A1;:1D8=5>77D>1;1>C571>71>C9>779$5D>CD>71>G1>749@5A?<5845>71>=5>77D>1;1>CA1>B=9B9C571>71>C9>779141<181ADB<9BCA9;G1>7=5>71<9A=5<1<D9;1F1CA5<1C96;539<B589>771D;DA1>;1F1CCA1>B=9B9G1>7;539<:D7141@1C=5=25A9;1>1>771A1>291G1:1D8<52985;?>?=9B41>41G1<9BCA9;G1>789<1>7B5@1>:1>7;1F1CCA1>B=9B9:1D8<5298;539<B589>77149@5A?<58569B95>B941G1<9BCA9;G1>725B1A)141@A?B5BCA1>B=9B941G1<9BCA9;:1A1;:1D8497D>1;1>CA1>B6?A=1C?ABC5@D@G1>7C5A41@1C49@DB1C@5=21>7;9CG1>7=5>19;;1>C571>71>89>771=5>31@19B5;9C1A   /$5=D491>41G1<9BCA9;49CA1>B=9B9;1>;5;?C1;?C1CD:D1>9;?C1;?C1CD:D1>497D>1;1>CA1>B6?A=1C?ABC5@4?F>G1>749@1B1>74971A4D71A4D<9BCA9;B589>771C571>71><9BCA9;B91@497D>1;1>@141C571>71>B5;9C1A /Gambar 6.15Bagan transmisi daya listrikjarak jauhtransmisi tegangan tinggigeneratortransformatortransformatorgardu listrikrumahpabriktiang listrikpusatpembangkitlistrikContoh 6.9,52D1875>5A1C?AG1>741@1C=5>781B9<;1>41G1<9BCA9; &049CA1>B=9B9;1>=5<1<D9@5>781>C1A45>71>81=21C1>!9CD>7<18@5AB5>C1B541G1G1>789<1>7=5>:149;1<?A:9;11 C571>71>G1>7497D>1;1>CA1>B=9B9 ;/2 C571>71>49>19;;1>?<58CA16?BC5@D@=5>:149 ;/19;5C18D9 &0+1 )5AB5>C1B541G1<9BCA9;G1>789<1>7:9;1497D>1;1>C571>71>CA1>B=9B9 ;/41@1C4989CD>7B52171925A9;DCCA1>B=9B9 0  / Kata Kunci• generator•Alternating Current• komutator•transformator/trafo•transformator step-up•transformator step-down• efisiensi transformator• arus pusar (arus eddy)Sumber:Jendela IPTEK, 1995
Induksi Elektromagnetik1471G1G1>789<1>7=5>:149;1<?A89<1>7141<1889<1>7  &0)5AB5>C1B589<1>7&0   &02 1G1G1>789<1>7:9;1C571>71>CA1>B=9B949>19;;1>=5<1<D9CA16?=5>:149 ;/141<18CA1>B=9B9 0  / 1G1G1>789<1>7=5>:149;1<?A89<1>7141<1889<1>7 20 0#149@5AB5>C1B589<1>7 ;0    &0    ,52D18CA1>B6?A=1C?ABC5@D@=5=9<9;9 <9<9C1>@141;D=@1A1>@A9=5A>G141>  <9<9C1>@141;D=@1A1>B5;D>45A>G1$D=@1A1>@A9=5A4925A91ADB2?<1;21<9;25AC571>71> /1 5A1@1C571>71>;D=@1A1>B5;D>45A2 #9;11ADB41<1=;D=@1A1>B5;D>45A  25A1@11ADBG1>7=5>71<9A41<1=;D=@1A1>@A9=5A3 5A1@141G1=1BD;1>41>41G1;5<D1A1>CA1>B6?A=1C?A  ,52D18CA1>B6?A=1C?A498D2D>7;1>45>71>BD=25AC571>71>)%' /41>;D1C1ADB>G1  -5A>G1C1C571>71>;5<D1A1>>G1B525B1A /41>;D1C1ADB>G1 !9CD>71 569B95>B9CA1>B6?A=1C?A2 @5A21>49>71>:D=<18<9<9C1>@A9=5A41>B5;D>45A  ,52D18CA1>B6?A=1C?AG1>749@1B1>7@141A149?=5=9<9;9B@5B969;1B9 /C5A=9>1<@A9=5A>G1498D2D>7;1>45>71>BD=25A)%' /#9;1:D=<18<9<9C1>B5;D>45ACA1>B6?A=1C?AC5AB52DC  <9<9C1>41>1ADBG1>7=5>71<9A41<1=A149? C5>CD;1>1 :D=<18<9<9C1>@A9=5A2 ;D1C1ADB@141;D=@1A1>@A9=5A3 41G1@A9=5A41>41G1B5;D>45A:9;1569B95>B9CA1>B6?A=1C?A Tes Kompetensi Subbab B"-&'*($!()0'0(/%$*C. Arus dan Tegangan Listrik Bolak-balikADB41>C571>71><9BCA9;2?<1;21<9;=5=9<9;9>9<19G1>7B5<1<D25AD218D218C5A8141@F1;CDB531A1@5A9?49;219;25B1A=1D@D>1A18>G15B1A1>1ADB41>C571>71>2?<1;21<9;49<1=21>7;1>45>71>5F1B19>981=@9AB5=D1@5A1<1C1>AD=18C1>77149?@5A1B9;1>45>71>5>5A79<9BCA9;1ADB2?<1;21<9;,5@5AC9>41;5C18D9@5A25411>=5>41B1A1>C1A11ADB2?<1;21<9;41>1ADBB51A18141<18@?<1A9C1B>G1.>CD;=5>75C18D9@?<1A9C1B1ADBB51A18G1>7B5<1<DC5C1@41>1ADB2?<1;21<9;G1>7B5<1<D25AD21841@1C497D>1;1>?B9<?B;?@ -") 2,#&),)*&5<1<D91<1C9>941@1C:D71491=1C9>9<196A5;D5>B941>@5AD2181>C571>71>@141B5C91@B11C41<1=25>CD;7A169;41@D>D>CD;=5>7D;DA>9<19C571>71>565;C9641>;D1C1ADB<9BCA9;565;C9641@1C497D>1;1>E?<C=5C5A41>1=@5A5=5C5A1.Sumber Tegangan Bolak-Balik (AC)5>CD;C571>71>1ADBG1>7C5A2131@141=?>9C?A?B9<?B;?@25AD218B531A1@5A9?49;=5>DADC6D>7B9B9>DB,1<18B1CDBD=25AG19CD75>5A1C?A1ADB1<1=75>5A1C?A141;D=@1A1>G1>741@1C25A@DC1A2521B41<1==541>=17>5C8?=?75>
Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII148Gambar 6.18Pengukuran arus listrik denganmenggunakan volmeter.12)5A81C9;1>)-  (B9<1B971G175A1;<9BCA9;41>1ADB2?<1;21<9;4981B9<;1>41A9B52D18;D=@1A1>G1>725A@DC1A45>71><1:DC5C1@)14171=21A7A169;C5AB52DC@D>31;41>B9=@D<75<?=21>7=5>D>:D;;1>;54D4D;1>;D=@1A1>C5A8141@25B1ABD4DCG1>749C5=@D8>G15B1A77<G1>74981B9<;1>41A9B52D1875>5A1C?AG1>725A@DC1A=5=5>D89@5AB1=11>25A9;DCJ-1C1DD>CD; -J-;1A5>1  3?B=1;13?BJ -1C1D3?BJ --J #9;1;9C1CDAD>;1>"-.)* 3 4941@1CB9> - J C1D41@1C:D7149CD<9B;1>45>71>=1;BB9>- J 1$1A5>177<9>4D;B9B1=145>71>2541C571>71>491>C1A14D1;DCD277<9>4D;B9=1;141@1C49CD<9B=1;BB9> -J 2$5C5A1>71>'%,71G175A1;<9BCA9;=1;B9=D=E?<C E?<C'%,C571>71>=1;B9=D=E?<C6<D;B=17>5C9;02:D=<18<9<9C1>;D=@1A1><D1B2941>7;D=@1A1>=25B1A>G19>4D;B9=17>5C9;-6A5;D5>B9BD4DC@DC1A1>;D=@1A1>A14 B-#9;175>5A1C?AC5AB52DC498D2D>7;1>45>71>A1>7;191>C5ACDCD@1;1>=5>71<9A1ADB2.Alat Ukur Tegangan dan Arus Bolak-Balik.>CD;=5>75C18D9141>G1C571>71><9BCA9;@141BD1CDA1>7;191>B1<18B1CD>G1497D>1;1>B52D181<1CG1>749B52DC-,-*()- ;1>C5C1@9C5BC@5>C941;41@1C=5>75C18D925B1A>G1C571>71>G1>7=5>71<9A@141A1>7;191>C5AB52DC41@D>D>CD;=5>7D;DA>9<19C571>71>41>;D1C1ADB497D>1;1>E?<C=5C5A41>1=@5A5=5C5A'9<19G1>7C5A2131@1411<1CD;DA9>9=5>D>:D;;1>81A71565;C9641A9C571>71>41>;D1C1ADB&5<1<D9)- >4141@1C=5=181=981B9<@5>7D;DA1>1ADB<9BCA9;41<1=B52D18A1>7;191>Gambar 6.16Grafik tegangan dan arus listrikbolak-balik terhadap waktu.12VVmV = VmsintT2TIImI = Im sintT2Tbagian atas yangberlogambagian tengahyang transparanlampulogamGambar 6.17Cara pengukuran dengan testpen
Induksi Elektromagnetik149Gambar 6.19Pengukuran tegangan padasebuah rangkaianresistorvoltmeter1A9@5>71=1C1>=5<1<D9?B9<?B;?@BD=2DE5AC9;1<491CDA@141C571>71> / 3=Contoh 6.10Gambar 6.20kWh meter yang ada di rumahdigunakan untuk mengukurdaya listrik yang terpakai.)141)- C5A=9>1<;DCD2@?B9C96498D2D>7;1>45>71>1ADB=1;B9=D= @1411=@5A5=5C5AC5A2131>9<191ADB B541>7;1>)- C5A=9>1<@?B9C96498D2D>7;1>45>71>1ADB=1;B9=1< C5A>G1C1C5A2131>9<191ADB )5>7D;DA1>9>9=5>D>:D;;1>218F11>7;1G1>7C5A2131@1411<1CD;DA141<18>9<19565;C96>G15=9;91>@D<141<1==5>7D;DAC571>71>B52D18A1>7;191>B5@5AC9)- $5C9;11ADB=5>71<9A:1AD=@5>D>:D;E?<C=5C5A=D<1925AD218'9<19G1>7C5A2131=5>D>:D;;1>81A71565;C96C571>71>A1>7;191><9BCA9;>4141@1C:D71=5>7D;DA;D1C1ADBC571>71>41>81=21C1><9BCA9;219;1ADB  =1D@D> 1ADB  45>71> =5>77D>1;1> =D<C9=5C5A=@5A5=5C5A/?<C=5C5A41>(8==5C5A41>?B9<?B;?@3.Nilai Efektif Tegangan dan Kuat Arus AC<1CD;DAG1>7497D>1;1>D>CD;=5>75C18D9:D=<1841G1G1>7C5A@1;19@141;52DCD81>5>5A79<9BCA9;49AD=18141<18;08=5C5A5A5C1>1>7;1=5>D>:D;;1>25B1A5>5A79<9BCA9;G1>7C5A@1;19)5A81C9;1>)-  -1=@1;:5<1B1>7;1G1>7=5>D>:D;;1>25B1A5>5A79<9BCA9;G1>7C5A@1;1941<1=B1CD1>;08%#&) -- ").+>5A799>949@5A?<5841A9>9<19 41> !1A71565;C961ADB1C1DC571>71>2?<1;21<9;141<18;D1C1ADB1C1DC571>71>2?<1;21<9;G1>7491>771@B5C1A145>71>1ADB1C1DC571>71>B51A18G1>7=5>781B9<;1>:D=<18;1<?AG1>7B1=1;5C9;1=5<1<D9BD1CD@5>781>C1A41<1=F1;CDG1>7B1=1,52D18@5>781>C1AB5@5AC9)-  =5=9<9;981=21C1>41<1=F1;CD-5B1A5>5A79;1<?AG1>74981B9<;1>?<581ADB565;C96>G1141<18Gambar 6.21(a) Sebuah rangkaian denganhambatan R;(b) Grafik hubungan I dengan t.1ABIImIeft212t sinmtRB541>7;1>B5<1>7F1;CD=5>D>:D;;1>=B 3=,;1<1C91@;?C1;=5=9<9;9D;DA1> 3=K 3=-5>CD;1>1 C571>71>=1;B9=D=2 6A5;D5>B9BD=25A19;5C18D9** / 3=1 )14171=21AC5A2131C571>71>@D>31;**141<183=;1A5>1B;1<1E5AC9;1< / 3==1;1**3=K / 3= E?<C#149C571>71>=1;B9=D=>G1141<18'%,** //2 )5A9?4541<1=7A169;3=,;1<18?A9H?>C1<=B 3==1;13=K=B 3= =B  B#1496A5;D5>B9BD=25A  !H  
Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas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ontoh 6.11Tantanganuntuk AndaApakah yang menyebabkansengatan listrik, arus listrik, atautegangan listrik?
Induksi Elektromagnetik151Gambar 6.22Grafik hubungan I dan tImaks = kuat arus maksimumIr = kuat arus rata-rata.IImaksIrt+74F3:C3@9=3;3@3CFD4A>3=43>;=?7?;>;=;:3C93E793@93@D74393;8F@9D;H3=EFJ3;EF D;@ .!;EF@9>3:3 E793@93@?3=D;?F?%#*4 E793@93@BF@53==7BF@53=((5 E793@93@787=E;8 6 8C7=F7@D;3@9F>7C7 B7C;A678 8C7=F7@D; 9 E793@93@D7E7>3:+  D7=A@#7#$7@93@?7@J3?3=3@B7CD3?33@E793@93@J3@96;=7E3:F;E7C:363B'34#/##0 9?3=36;B7CA>7:%D;@+ D;@ +63C;B7CD3?33@E7CD74FE6;B7CA>7: .63@ C36 D3% .4(( %  . .5  .  .%6 C36 D7D 8  !K9 D;@ + D;@    .Contoh 6.1212t4.Harga Kuat Arus dan Tegangan Rata-Rata!3C93=F3E3CFD4A>3=43>;=C3E3C3E3363>3:=F3E3CFD4A>3=43>;=J3@9@;>3;@J3D7E3C367@93@=F3E3CFDD73C3:F@EF=?7?;@63:=3@?F3E3@>;DEC;=J3@9D3?363>3?H3=EFJ3@9D3?3)7C:3E;=3@9C38;=D;@FDA;6363C;3CFDD7>3?3D7=A@#/$#3 -@EF=3CFDD73C3:D7E7>3:D7E7@93:B7C;A67?F3E3@J3@96;>3>F;@J3?7?7@F:;B7CD3?33@)N 63BF@<F?>3:?F3E3@J3@96;>3>F;3CFD4A>3=43>;=63>3?C3@9=3;3@363>3:%#*D;@++N 
Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII152Tugas AndaArus listrik bolak-balik dapatdiamati menggunakan osiloskop.Bersama kelompok belajar Anda,gunakan osiloskop yang ada dilaboratorium sekolah Anda untukmempelajari penggunaanosiloskop tersebut. Catatlah hal-hal yang Anda anggap penting.Mintalah bimbingan guru FisikaAnda untuk melakukan tugas ini.3C;'34#/##0 9 63@'34#/##0 9 3=3@6;B7CA>7:B7CD3?33@3CFDC3E3C3E3D74393;47C;=FE)%#*D;@++N 7@93@?7@99F@3=3@53C3?3E7?3E;=36;B7CA>7:)%#*N 7@93@B7@<343C3@J3@9D3?33=3@6;B7CA>7:B7CD3?33@E793@93@C3E3C3E3F@EF=3CFDD747D3C)%#*N $7E7C3@93@)E793@93@C3E3C3E3.%#*E793@93@?3=D;?F?.)7CD3?33@E793@93@4A>3=43>;=DF3EFC3@9=3;3@>;DEC;=?7?7@F:;B7CD3?33@ D;@ .,7@EF=3@E793@93@C3E3C3E3J3@96;:3D;>=3@DF?47CE7CD74FE#7#$;=7E3:F; D;@ .%#* .7@93@?7@99F@3=3@'34#/##0 9 6;B7CA>7:)%#* .   .Contoh 6.135.Diagram Fasor-@EF=?7?B7C?F63:?7@93@3>;D;D3C3:E793@93@63@=F3E3CFD6;9F@3=3@?7EA676;39C3?83DAC3DAC(!*-#+')363>3:DF3EF47D3C3@J3@96;>F=;D=3@D74393;DF3EFG7=EACJ3@947D3CDF6FEBFE3C@J3E7C:363BDF?4F:AC;KA@E3>D3?367@93@DF6FE83D7@J3+3DACDF3EFG7=EAC47CBFE3C47C>3H3@3@3C3:<3CF?<3?67@93@=757B3E3@DF6FEE7E3B6;93?43C=3@A>7:D74F3:3@3=B3@3:F@EF=?7@J3E3=3@E793@93@63@=F3E3CFD63C;DF3EFC3@9=3;3@>;DEC;=)363#/$#3  63B3E@63B7C:3E;=3@6;39C3?83DAC63C;E793@93@63@3CFD4A>3=43>;=+F?4F:AC;KA@E3>B363#/$#3  363>3:F@EF=?7@7@EF=3@47D3C@J3DF6FE83D7J3@96;F=FC63>3?D3EF3@67C3<3E3E3FC36;3@D763@9=3@DF?4FG7CE;=3>F@EF=?7@7@EF=3@@;>3;E793@93@63@=F3E3CFDJ3@9?7CFB3=3@47D3C3@D=3>3C4F=3@G7=EAC&7>3>F;?7EA676;39C3?83DAC;@;6;:3C3B=3@@6363B3E?7?3:3?;3C3:83D7G7=EAC67@93@?F63:6.Resistor pada Rangkaian Arus Bolak-Balik)363#/$#3  D74F3:C7D;DEAC?FC@;6;B3D3@963>3?C3@9=3;3@E7CEFEFB3CFD4A>3=43>;= C38;=E793@93@DF?47CJ3@947CD;83ED;@FDA;633=3@?7@9:3D;>=3@3CFDJ3@9<F9347CD;83ED;@FDA;63Gambar 6.23Grafik fasor I dan VImVmtGambar 6.24Rangkaian arus AC denganhambatan murni R.abIV = VmsintR
Induksi Elektromagnetik153)7CD3?33@E793@93@4A>3=43>;=3@E3C3F<F@9F<F@9C7D;DEAC?FC@;363>3:%D;@+N 7@93@?7?7C:3E;=3@6-6/*/J3@9?7@J3E3=3@43:H3=F3E3CFDJ3@9?7@93>;C?7?;>;=;:F4F@93@67@93@%%?3=347D3C3CFD4A>3=43>;=J3@9?7@93>;C?7>3>F;C3@9=3;3@?7?7@F:;B7CD3?33@%D;@+N )7C:3E;=3@#/$#3  7C63D3C=3@'34#/##0 9 63@'34#/##0 9 3CFD?3=D;?F?63@E793@93@?3=D;?F??7?;>;=;83D7J3@9D3?3CE;@J3=7E;=3BAD;D;=F?B3C3@?7@53B3;DF6FE  ME793@93@63@3CFDJ3@9?7>3>F;C3@9=3;3@?7@53B3;@;>3;?;@;?F?%74;:<7>3D@J3@63B7C:3E;=3@#/$#3  ;39C3?83DAC63C;=F3E3CFD63@E793@93@@J3?7?;>;=;3C3:J3@9D3?3tImaksVmaksGambar 6.26Diagram fasor arus I dantegangan V memiliki arahyang sama.Gambar 6.27Rangkaian arus bolak-balikdipasang seri dengan sebuahinduktor murni.Gambar 6.25Grafik kuat arus I dan tegangan Vpada rangkaian hambatan murni,arus I, dan tegangan V sefase.rotasiVmimV = Vmsinti = imsint2325223t*7D;DEAC?7CFB3=3@D3>3:D3EF=A?BA@7@>;DEC;=J3@9D7C;@96;9F@3=3@+7E;3BC7D;DEACJ3@96;<F3>6;B3D3C3@?7?;>;=;@;>3;C7D;DE3@D;E7CE7@EF,F93D@634F3E>3:C7DF?7?7@97@3;53C3?7@9;67@E;8;=3D;@;>3;D74F3:C7D;DEAC+7E7>3:?7?4F3EC7DF?7;@;6;:3C3B=3@@6363B3E?7@97@3>;C7D;DEAC63@?3?BF?7@7@EF=3@@;>3;C7D;DE3@D;@J363C;5;C;5;C;J3@96;?;>;=;C7D;DEACE7CD74FE93C>74;:?7@3C;=D7CE3=3@93?43C?353??353?C7D;DEAC63>3?EF>;D3@@63Mari Mencari TahuabLI = Im sint7.Induktor Murni pada Rangkaian Arus Bolak-Balik)7C:3E;=3@#/$#3  +74F3:;@6F=EAC?FC@;?7?;>;=;;@6F=E3@D;6;C;)363D33E3CFD>;DEC;=?7@93>;C63>3?C3@9=3;3@3=3@E;?4F>93J397C3=>;DEC;=;@6F=D;99>6;3@E3C3F<F@9;@6F=EACJ3@947D3C@J3363>3:+63BF@4763E793@93@3@E3C3F<F@9F<F@9=F?B3C3@D74393;8F@9D;H3=EF363>3:%D;@+N #;=3@63B7C:3E;=3@C3@9=3;3@3CFD4A>3=43>;=63>3?#/$#3 C3@9=3;3@E7CD74FE?7CFB3=3@C3@9=3;3@E7CEFEFB63@47C>3=F!F=F?""$;C5:A88!F=F?""$;C5:A88?7@J3E3=3@43:H3(>7:=3C7@363>3?C3@9=3;3@E7CD74FEC7D;DEAC?FC@;E;63=363J3;EF@;>3; ?3=36;B7CA>7:B7CD3?33@=F3E3CFDD74393;47C;=FE*,%)"&,#+') %D;@+N+ +%D;@+Gambar 6.28Grafik kuat arus I dan tegangan Vpada rangkaian induktif murni.Tegangan V mendahului arus Isekitar 90°.I = Im sintVmim22tV = Vm sin (t)
Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas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ambar 6.29Diagram fasor arus I dantegangan V. Teganganmendahului 90°.VLI90°)363D74F3:C3@9=3;3@3CFD4A>3=43>;=67@93@8C7=F7@D;!K6;B3D3@9;@6F=EACD747D3C  !*3@9=3;3@;@;?7@9:3D;>=3@3CFD?3=D;?F? !;EF@9E793@93@?3=D;?F?;@6F=EACE7CD74FE#7#$;=7E3:F;8C7=F7@D; Contoh 6.143CFD?3=D;?F?% ;@6F=E3@D;;@6F=EAC  !,793@93@?3=D;?F?63B3E6;:;EF@967@93@B7CD3?33@%%%  !K  !  .
Induksi Elektromagnetik1558.Kapasitor pada Rangkaian Arus Bolak-Balik)C;@D;B=79F@33@@J3D3?367@93@;@6F=EAC$3B3D;EAC63>3?C3@9=3;3@3CFD4A>3=43>;=6;B3D3@9F@EF=?7?B7CA>7:7@7C9;>;DEC;=J3@9>74;:47D3CCFD>;DEC;=J3@9?7>3>F;=3B3D;EACJ3@9=3B3D;E3D@J3D747D3CD7>3?3+3=3@?7@J7434=3@=3B3D;EAC47C;D;?F3E3@D747D3C+N63BF@?F3E3@J3@9E7CD;?B3@63>3?=3B3D;EAC#/$#3  363>3:N6;?3@3.%D;@+N3C;=76F3'34#/##0 9 63@'34#/##0 9 63B3E6;B7CA>7:  ++D;@%++ D;@+%5AD+%5AD+%5AD+%D;@+N7@93@?7?7C:3E;=3@B7@FCF@3@'34#/##0 9 6;=7E3:F;43:H3%%&7@FCFE!F=F?(:??7CFB3=3@@;>3;:3?43E3@=3B3D;EACJ3@96;D74FEC73=E3@D;=3B3D;E;8D7:;@99363B3E6;EF>;D3E3FN$7E7C3@93@C73=E3@D;=3B3D;E;8 =3B3D;E3D=3B3D;EAC8C7=F7@D;DF6FEC36 D7@93@?7@93?3E;:F4F@93@'34#/##0 9 63@'34#/##0 9 6;=7E3:F;B7C47633@83D73@E3C3E793@93@63@=F3E3CFDJ3@9?7>3>F;C3@9=3;3@=3B3D;E;8E7CD74FED747D3C7@93@DF6FE83D73CFD?7@63:F>F;363>3:C3663C;DF6FE83D7E793@93@@633=3@>74;:?7?3:3?;<;=3?7?7C:3E;=3@9C38;=E793@93@D;@FD;A63>63@9C38;=3CFDD;@FD;A63>E7C:363BH3=EF?7>3>F;#/$#3  #;=3E793@93@B363F<F@9F<F@9C3@9=3;3@?3=D;?F?@;>3;3CFD63>3?C3@9=3;3@3=3@?3=D;?F?%+743>;=@J3<;=3E793@93@47C@;>3;?3=D;?F?3CFDJ3@9?7>3>F;C3@9=3;3@3=3@?;@;?F? Gambar 6.32Diagram fasor I dan V padakapasitor.Gambar 6.31Grafik I dan V pada kapasitordalam rangkaian AC.Gambar 6.30Rangkaian kapasitorabCV = VmsintViV = Vm sin2ti = imsintVI90°
Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII156Tantanganuntuk AndaSebuah kapasitor 100Fdihubungkan dengan sumbertegangan bolak-balik. Arus yangmengalir melalui rangkaianmemenuhi persamaanI = 4 sin 200t A. Tuliskanpersamaan tegangankapasitor itu.+74F3:=3B3D;EAC67@93@  6;B3D3@9B363DF?47CE793@93@4A>3=43>;=67@93@8C7=F7@D; !K,793@93@?3=D;?F?% .D7B7CE;B36393?43C47C;=FE!;EF@93CFD?3=D;?F?B363=3B3D;EACE7CD74FE#7#$;=7E3:F;  O N !K% .    C36 D C36 D  (>7:=3C7@3;EF3CFD?3=D;?F?@J3363>3:%%  Contoh 6.15V = Vmsint200cF!#$'. *3@9=3;3@63@ B363*3@9=3;3@CFDA>3=3>;=1 #0)-#+#0 '#-5#04+ +(#5'056-'34#/##06056-4+0  *7D;DEACD783D7%D;@+"@6F=EAC$E7CE;@993>%D;@+D747D3CC36  $3B3D;EAC?7@63:F>F;%D;@+D747D3CC36!#$'. ?7@993?43C=3@B7CD3?33@3CFDJ3@9?7@93>;C63>3?E;3BC3@9=3;3@#;=3DF?47CE793@93@4A>3=43>;=6;3@993BD3?3J3;EF%D;@++747EF>@J3@6363B3E?7@7@EF=3@E7C>74;:63:F>FB7CD3?33@3CFD43CF=7?F6;3@B7CD3?33@E793@93@@J3&;D3>@J33CFDJ3@9?7@93>;C63>3?E;3BC3@9=3;3@D3?3%D;@+?3=33=3@6;63B3EB7CD3?33@E793@93@B3633 C7D;DEAC%D;@+4 ;@6F=EAC%D;@+5 =3B3D;EAC%D;@+
Induksi Elektromagnetik1579.R, L, dan C Dipasang Seri dalam Rangkaian Arus Bolak-Balik*3@9=3;3@3CFD>;DEC;=4A>3=43>;=J3@9?7?;>;=;:3?43E3@?FC@;6;B3D3@9D7C;67@93@;@6F=EACD7CE3=3B3D;EAC3=3@?7@9:3D;>=3@E3?43:3@7@7C9;>;DEC;=J3@9>74;:47D3CE7E3B;C3@9=3;3@// D7C;;@;:3@J363B3E6;9F@3=3@F@EF=?7?B7C47D3C63J3>;DEC;=J3@9E7C43E3DCFD?3=D;?F?63>3?C3@9=3;3@?7?;>;=;@;>3;63@83D7J3@9D3?3B363D7E;3B=A?BA@7@%74;:<7>3D63B3E@63B7C:3E;=3@#/$#3  #;=3@63E7E3B=3@B7CD3?33@3CFD63>3?C3@9=3;3@D747D3C%D;@+B7CD3?33@D7E;3BE793@93@67@93@?7?7C:3E;=3@6;39C3?83DACB363#/$#3  J3;EF?D;@+?7?;>;=;83D7J3@9D3?367@93@3CFD?D;@+?7@63:F>F;83D7D747D3CC36?D;@+E7CE;@993>83D7D747D3CC36)7C:3E;=3@C3@9=3;3@// D7C;B363#/$#3  +7E;3B=A?BA@7@?7?;>;=;E793@93@63@+753C383DACE793@93@E793@93@;@;63B3E6;<F?>3:=3@D74393;47C;=FE "" " "N (>7:=3C7@3 63@"" "D3>;@9E793=>FCFD:3C9363B3E6;E7@EF=3@67@93@?7@99F@3=3@:;EF@9G7=EACJ3;EF   N 67@93@?7?7C:3E;=3@=7?43>;#/$#3  :3?43E3@EAE3>C3@9=3;3@D7C;NNJ3@96;D74FE67@93@;?B763@D;C3@9=3;3@.63B3E6;:;EF@963C;'34#/##0 9        N 33E3F N 4(>7:=3C7@33CFD?3=D;?F?J3@9?7@93>;C6;D7E;3B=A?BA@7@D3?347D3C@J3:F4F@93@3@E3C3E793@93@?3=D;?F?63@3CFD?3=D;?F?;@;?7?7@F:;B7CD3?33@2J3;EF   N $7E7C3@93@%E793@93@?3=D;?F?;?B763@D;C3@9=3;3@NC73=E3@D;EAE3>Gambar 6.33Resonansi rangkaianR–L–C seriGambar 6.35Diagram fasor Z, R,XL, dan XC.Gambar 6.34Diagram fasor V, VR, VL, dan VC.ZXL – XCXLRXCRLCvI = Im sintiLV–CVLVVRVCV
Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII158R = 30XL = 40IVLVRV = Vmsint76383D73@E3C3E793@93@63@=F3E3CFD63B3E6;E7@EF=3@D74393;47C;=FEE3@    ND7:;@993B7CD3?33@E793@93@@J3363>3:D;@ % +  B34;>3DF6FE83D747C@;>3;BAD;E;8CE;@J3E793@93@?7@63:F>F;3CFD63@C3@9=3;3@47CD;83E;@6F=E;8#;=3DF6FE83D747C@;>3;@793E;8CE;@J3E793@93@E7CE;@993>A>7:3CFD63@C3@9=3;3@47CD;83E=3B3D;E;8#;=36;B7CA>7: 63@CE;@J3E793@93@?7?;>;=;83D7D3?3D763@9=3@C3@9=3;3@47CD;83EC7D;DE;83>3?:3>;@;6;=3E3=3@E7>3:E7C<36;C7DA@3@D;10.R dan L Dipasang Seri dalam Rangkaian Arus Bolak-Balik)7C:3E;=3@#/$#3  +7E;3B=A?BA@7@?7?;>;=;E793@93@63@+753C383DACE793@93@E793@93@;@;63B3E6;<F?>3:=3@D74393;"""7@93@?7@99F@3=3@:;EF@93@G7=EAC47D3C@J3E793@93@EAE3>J3;EFN7D3C@J3;?B763@D;C3@9=3;3@*N%6;B7CA>7:D7B7CE;47C;=FE   N3E3F N76383D73@E3C3E793@93@63@=F3E3CFD63B3E6;E7@EF=3@D74393;47C;=FEE3@N)7C:3E;=3@#/$#3  E3?B3=43:H3E793@93@?7@63:F>F;3CFDD747D3CC36D7:;@993<;=3%D;@+?3=3%D;@+ abRLI = ImsintGambar 6.36Rangkaian R dan L dipasang seriGambar 6.37Diagram fasor VL dan VRVLVabVRI)VGambar 6.38Diagram fasor VL dan VRXLZR)Gambar 6.39Grafik tegangan mendahului arusdengan beda fase 0<<90°.VabtIab+74F3:C7D;DEAC 6;B3D3@9D7C;67@93@;@6F=EAC B363E793@93@4A>3=43>;= .3 !;EF@9;?B763@D;C3@9=3;3@83D7C3@9=3;3@=F3E3CFD63@4 ,7@EF=3@83D763@E7C:363B=F3E3CFD"#7#$;=7E3:F;C7D;DEAC?FC@; C73=E3@D;;@6F=EAC E793@93@DF?47C .Contoh 6.16V/i
Induksi Elektromagnetik1593 "?B763@D;6;:;EF@9?7>3>F;'34#/##0 9 2    83D7E793@93@6;:;EF@967@93@'34#/##0 9 E3@   M$F3E3CFD .  ,793@93@   .,793@93@;@6F=EAC.   .4D783D767@93@=F3E3CFD ?7@63:F>F;D747D3CC36 M?7@63:F>F; M3>3?C3@9=3;3@D7C;6;B3D3@9C7D;DEAC?FC@; 63@D74F3:;@6F=EAC !B363E793@93@4A>3=43>;=67@93@B7CD3?33@ D;@ +.,F>;D=3@B7CD3?33@=F3E3CFD63>3?C3@9=3;3@E7CD74FE#7#$;=7E3:F; A:? D;@ +.?3=3% . !      E3@   MC36#36;B7CD3?33@=F3E3CFD@J3363>3:%D;@+ D;@ +NContoh 6.1711.R dan C Dipasang Seri dalam Rangkaian Arus Bolak-Balik)7C:3E;=3@#/$#3  *7D;DEAC63@=3B3D;EAC6;B3D3@9D7C;63>3?C3@9=3;3@3CFD4A>3=43>;=;3@E3C3E;E;=63@E7C63B3EE793@93@EAE3>J3@947D3C@J3D3?367@93@<F?>3:E793@93@C7D;DEAC63@E793@93@=3B3D;EAC+753C3G7=EAC47D3CE793@93@EAE3>E7CD74FE363>3: N7D3C@J3;?B763@D;C3@9=3;3@N63B3E6;:;EF@9D7B7CE;47C;=FE   N 3E3FN Gambar 6.40Rangkaian seri R-C dalamrangkaian arus AC.abRCVI = Imsint
Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII160Gambar 6.42Diagram fasor vektorhambatan R terhadap Xc.VRIabVabVCXCRZGambar 6.43Grafik tegangan Vab terhadap arusiVabt3>3?D74F3:C3@9=3;3@ 6;B3D3@9D7C;67@93@  63@6;:F4F@9=3@=7DF?47CE793@93@4A>3=43>;=J3@98C7=F7@D;@J3 !K!;EF@9>3:;?B763@D;C3@9=3;3@E7CD74FE#7#$;=7E3:F;    O N !K  !K C36 D C36 D   "?B763@D;C3@9=3;3@63B3E6;:;EF@967@93@?7@99F@3=3@'34#/##0 9 J3;EF   V = VmsintIContoh 6.18250CF30R76383D7E793@93@63@=F3E3CFD63B3E6;E7@EF=3@D74393;47C;=FEE3@N Gambar 6.41Diagram fasor teganganVabterhadap Vc.*3@9=3;3@D7C;N 67@93@C7D;DEAC 63@C73=E3@D;=3B3D;E;8 6;:F4F@9=3@=7DF?47CE793@93@ .67@93@8C7=F7@D; !K!;EF@9>3:3 ;?B763@D;C3@9=3;3@4 3CFDJ3@9?7@93>;C5 =3B3D;E3D=3B3D;EAC6 4763E793@93@3@E3C3F<F@9F<F@9:3?43E3@63@=3B3D;EAC7 DF6FE83D7C3@9=3;3@8 B7CD3?33@3CFD<;=3B7CD3?33@E793@93@%D;@+#7#$;=7E3:F;   .  !KV = VmsintR = 80IContoh 6.1960CFV/i)363#/$#3  E3?B3=43:H3E793@93@E7C>3?43ED747D3CC3663C;3CFD+753C3?3E7?3E;D63B3E6;D;?BF>=3@<;=3%D;@+%D;@+N
Induksi Elektromagnetik1613 "?B763@D;C3@9=3;3@6;:;EF@967@93@?7@99F@3=3@'34#/##0 9    4 CFDE7CF=FCJ3@9?7>3>F;C3@9=3;3@ 363>3:   .  5 $3B3D;E3D=3B3D;EAC     6 ,793@93@:3?43E3@63@E793@93@=3B3D;EAC    .   .7 +F6FE83D7C3@9=3;3@E3@   N M8 -@EF=B7CD3?33@E793@93@%D;@+?3=3%D;@+ D;@+ D;@  +N M12.L dan C Dipasang Seri dalam Rangkaian Arus Bolak-Balik;=7E3:F;D74F3:C3@9=3;3@3CFD4A>3=43>;=6;B3D3@9D74F3:;@6F=EAC63@D74F3:=3B3D;EACJ3@947C=3B3D;E3D$7?F6;3@=76F3@J36;:F4F@9=3@D753C3D7C;D7B7CE;#/$#3  ?3=33=3@E;?4F>B7C47633@83D73@E3C3E793@93@;@6F=EAC63@E793@93@=3B3D;EACD747D3CC363E3F  M-@EF=?7?B7C?F63:B7?3:3?3@476383D763>3?B7CD3?33@E793@93@6;E7E3B=3@B7CD3?33@=F3E3CFDJ3@9?7@93>;C63>3?C3@9=3;3@363>3:%D;@+&7>3>F;#/$#3  E7C435343:H3?7@63:F>F;3CFDD747D3CC3663@E7CE;@993>E7C:363BD747D3CC36D7:;@993D7E;3BE793@93@3=3@?7?;>;=;B7CD3?33@D74393;47C;=FE%D;@+D763@9=3@ %D;@+)7C:3E;=3@=7?43>;6;39C3?83DACB363#/$#3  +753C3G7=EAC63B3E6;<F?>3:=3@D74393;47C;=FENN #36;E793@93@EAE3>C3@9=3;3@47C93@EF@9B363D7>;D;:3@E3C363@Gambar 6.44Rangkaian seri L dan CaLCbI = ImsintGambar 6.45Diagram fasor I, VL, dan VCVLVVCI
Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII162Gambar 6.46Grafik kurva impedansi Z dangrafik linear R.RZR/ZfrGambar 6.47Ketika frekuensi resonansiterjadi, harga arus mencapaimaksimum.IIm-@EF=:3C93E793@93@?3=D;?F?47D3C@J3363>3:%%N %D7:;@9933=3@6;B7CA>7::3C93:3?43E3@EAE3>D747D3C%%N %%%N%D7:;@993NNC3:83DAC?7CFB3=3@4763DF6FE83D73@E3C3=F3E3CFD63@E793@93@D747D3C#;=3?3=3 M63@C3@9=3;3@47CD;83E;@6F=E;8#;=3?3=3N M63@C3@9=3;3@47CD;83E=3B3D;E;8#;=3?3=3 B363=3DFD;@;E7C<36;B7C;DE;H3C7DA@3@D;13. Resonansi pada Rangkaian R–L–C*7DA@3@D;63>3?C3@9=3;3@D7C;63@E7C<36;=7E;=3$73633@;@;?7@J7434=3@;?B763@D;C3@9=3;3@?7?;>;=;:3C93?;@;?F?J3@947C@;>3;D3?367@93@:3?43E3@?FC@;63BF@3CFD63>3?C3@9=3;3@?7@<36;?3=D;?F? 3C;DD;@99F@93@E3C3=FCG363@93C;D>;@73C?7CFB3=3@E;E;=E7C<36;@J38C7=F7@D;C7DA@3@D;;E;E;=E7CD74FE47D3C3@47C@;>3;?;@;?F?)7C:3E;=3@#/$#3  D33EE7C<36;@J3C7DA@3@D; ))))  ?3=3) N(>7:=3C7@3)) 6;B7CA>7:8C7=F7@D;C7DA@3@D;) N*3@9=3;3@C7DA@3@D;63B3E6;<F?B3;B363C3@9=3;3@B7@3>353C3@J367@93@?7@9F43:F43:8C7=F7@D;?7>3>F;=A@67@D3EACG3C;347>#;=38C7=F7@D;@J3D7DF3;8C7=F7@D;97>A?43@9C36;A3=3@6;E3@9=3B14. Daya pada Arus Listrik Bolak-Balik"@6F=EAC63@=3B3D;EACJ3@9E7CB3D3@9B363C3@9=3;3@3CFD4A>3=43>;=?7?4FEF:=3@E3?43:3@7@7C9;>;DEC;=3J3J3@96;D7C3B63>3?C3@9=3;3@C7D;DE;847D3C@J3363>3: N63@63>3?C3@9=3;3@// D7C;363>3:    Nf
Induksi Elektromagnetik163'34#/##0 9 6;D74FE<F93D74393;63J3D7?F63BF@63J3J3@9D7DF@99F:@J33E3F63J3C3E3C3E3363>3:  5ADN$7E7C3@93@476383D73@E3C33CFD63@E793@93@5AD83=EAC63J3+74F3:C3@9=3;3@D7C; 67@93@  !63@ 6;:F4F@9=3@67@93@DF?47CE793@93@4A>3=43>;=J3@9?7?;>;=; D;@ +.,7@EF=3@3 ;?B763@D;C3@9=3;3@4 B7CD3?33@3CFD5 63J3C3E3C3E3J3@96;D7C3BC3@9=3;3@#7#$3 "?B763@D;C3@9=3;3@6;:;EF@9D74393;47C;=FE %  !    D7:;@993     4 )7CD3?33@C3@9=3;3@3CFD4A>3=43>;=363>3:  . %% (>7:=3C7@3  C3@9=3;3@>74;:47CD;83E;@6F=E;83E3FE793@93@3=3@?7@63:F>F;3CFD67@93@4763DF6FE83D7E3@   C36   %D;@+/D;@ +N  5 3J3C3E3C3E3J3@96;D7C3BC3@9=3;3@363>3:E3@?3=35AD   5AD5AD%%"   /Contoh 6.20V = 300sin100tR = 30L = 0,6 H500CFKata Kunci• arus bolak-balik• tegangan bolak-balik• arus listrik efektif• tegangan efektif• osiloskop• diagram fasor• voltmeter• impedansi• resonansi• dayaTes Kompetensi Subbab C'3,#-#0.#*&#.#/$6-6.#5+*#0  #7>3D=3@3B3J3@96;?3=DF667@93@3 :3C93787=E;8=F3E3CFD63@E793@93@4A>3=43>;=4 :3C93?3=D;?F?=F3E3CFD63@E793@93@4A>3=43>;=5 :3C93=F3E3CFD63@E793@93@4A>3=43>;=C3E3C3E3  +F?47CE793@93@3CFD4A>3=43>;=47D3C@J3 .+74F3:D7EC;=3>;DEC;=67@93@:3?43E3@ 6;:F4F@9=3@=7DF?47CE793@93@E7CD74FE!;EF@9>3:@;>3;787=E;8@;>3;?3=D;?F?63@@;>3;C3E3C3E3F@EF=3 E793@93@DF?47C4 3CFDJ3@9?7@93>;C
Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII164  *3@9=3;3@/D7C;6;:F4F@9=3@=7DF?47CE793@93@4A>3=43>;=% .67@93@:3?43E3@?FC@; #;=33CFD?3=D;?F?J3@9?7@93>;C?7>3>F;C3@9=3;3@363>3: E7@EF=3@>3:3 ;?B763@D;C3@9=3;3@4 C73=E3@D;;@6F=EAC5 E793@93@3@E3C3F<F@9F<F@9;@6F=EAC +74F3:=F?B3C3@67@93@;@6F=E3@D;  !63@:3?43E3@?FC@; 6;:F4F@9=3@=7DF?47CE793@93@ .!K!;EF@9>3:3 3CFDJ3@9?7>3>F;C3@9=3;3@4 DF6FE83D7=F3E3CFDE7C:363BE793@93@5 B7CD3?33@=F3E3CFD<;=3E793@93@DF?47C%D;@+6 3CFDJ3@9?7>3>F;C3@9=3;3@D33E+O N D +74F3:C7D;DEAC 63@=3B3D;EAC  6;B3D3@9D7C;B363D74F3:C3@9=3;3@E793@93@4A>3=43>;=3CFDJ3@9?7@93>;C67@93@B7CD3?33@D;@+,7@EF=3@B7CD3?33@E793@93@B363C3@9=3;3@E7CD74FE +74F3:C3@9=3;3@3CFD?7?;>;=;C7D;DEAC 6;B3D3@9B363E793@93@.787=E;8!K63@6;C3@9=3;D7C;67@93@=3B3D;EACD747D3C !;EF@9>3:3 ;?B763@D;C3@9=3;3@4 E793@93@?3=D;?F?3@E3C3F<F@9F<F@9C7D;DEAC +74F3:DF?47CE793@93@ .6;:F4F@9=3@B363;@6F=EAC?FC@;J3@9;@6F=E3@D;@J3 !,7@EF=3@3CFDJ3@9?7@93>;CB363;@6F=EAC<;=38C7=F7@D;DF?47C3  !K4  =!K 3>3?DF3EFC3@9=3;3@D7C;/ ?7@93>;C3CFD 67@93@ 63@C73=E3@D;=3B3D;E;8  !;EF@9>3:63@63@ *3@9=3;3@D7C;E7C6;C;3E3D:3?43E3@ ?7?;>;=;;@6F=E3@D;  !67@93@:3?43E3@;@6F=E3@D;63B3E6;343;=3@ 63@ =3B3D;EAC  *3@9=3;3@6;:F4F@9=3@B363DF?47CE793@93@ .  !K!;EF@9>3:363@4 63J3J3@9:;>3@95 DF6FE83D73@E3C3E793@93@63@=F3E3CFD6 B7@F@<F=3@GA>E?7E7CB36363@  ,7@EF=3@8C7=F7@D;C7DA@3@D;C3@9=3;3@;@6F=E3@D; ?!63@=3B3D;E3@D; 67@93@C7D;DE3@D;J3@963B3E6;343;=3@
Induksi Elektromagnetik165Rangkuman  "@6F=D;7>7=ECA?39@7E;=363>3:97<3>3E;?4F>@J33CFD>;DEC;=63C;?763@?39@7E7D3C@J3;@6F=D;7>7=ECA?39@7E;=47C93@EF@9B36383=EAC83=EACD74393;47C;=FE3 %3<FB7CF43:3@8>F=D?763@?39@7E63>3?=F?B3C3@4 #F?>3:>;>;E3@=F?B3C3@  9>;@6F=D;3E3F3CFD;@6F=D;63B3EE7C<36;3=;43E3 B7CF43:3@=F3E?763@?39@7E;=4 B7CF43:3@>F3D4;63@9=F?B3C3@J3@96;E7?4FDA>7:?763@?39@7E;=+753C3?3E7?3E;D47D3C@J399>;@6F=D;363>3:D;@ - 67@93@DF6FE3@E3C363@4;63@9=F?B3C3@  )363;@6F=EACB7CF43:3@3CFD63>3?=F?B3C3@63B3E?7@;?4F>=3@99>;@6F=D;+753C3?3E7?3E;D47D3C@J399>;@6F=D;363>3:+++   @7C9;J3@9E7CD;?B3@63>3?;@6F=EAC363>3: *3B3E7@7C9;3E3F7@7C9;B7CD3EF3@GA>F?7363>3: 67@93@363>3:GA>F?7DA>7@A;633E3FEACA;63 "@6F=E3@D;D;>3@9E7C<36;B3636F3=F?B3C3@J3@9?7?;>;=;;@E;=F?B3C3@47CD3?4F@97D3C@J399>;@6F=D;J3@9E;?4F>B363=F?B3C3@D7=F@67C=3C7@3B7@93CF:B7CF43:3@8>F=D?39@7E;=63>3?H3=EF+?7?7@F:;B7CD3?33@++++ B>;=3D;;@6F=D;7>7=ECA?39@7E;=6;3@E3C3@J36;E7C3B=3@B36397@7C3EAC63@EC38A CFD>;DEC;=63@99>D743@6;@967@93@@;>3;?3=D;?F?@J3D;@%+3E3FD;@ % +D;@%+3E3FD;@ % +)3639C38;=83DACE793@93@63@=F3E3CFD?7?;>;=;476383D7D7:;@993B7CD3?33@?7@<36;D;@%+ 63@D;@%+ )363 C3@9=3;3@ 3CFD 4A>3=43>;= <;=3 3CFDD;@%+47@EF=B7CD3?33@E793@93@F@EF=3 C7D;DEACD;@%+4 ;@6F=EACD;@%+=3C7@3?7@63:F>F;D747D3CC365 =3B3D;EACD;@%+=3C7@3E7CE;@993>D747D3CC36  3>3?C3@9=3;3@3CFD;?B763@D;F@EF=C3@9=3;3@363@6;B3D3@9D7C;363>3:463@6;B3D3@9D7C;363>3:563@6;B3D3@9D7C;363>3:N663@6;B3D3@9D7C;363>3: 3E3F   *7DA@3@D;63>3?C3@9=3;3@D7C;*%63@E7C<36;=7E;=30%0$73633@;@;?7@J7434=3@;?B763@D;C3@9=3;3@2?7?;>;=;:3C93?;@;?F?J3@947C@;>3;D3?367@93@:3?43E3@?FC@;*+753C3?3E7?3E;D8C7=F7@D;C7DA@3@D;6;EF>;DD74393;47C;=FE)   3J3J3@96;D7C3BC3@9=3;3@;@6F=EAC63@=3B3D;EACC3@9=3;3@C7D;DE;82J3@9E7CB3D3@93CFD4A>3=43>;=363>3:3E3F     63BF@63J3C3E3C3E3@J3363>3:5AD  
Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII1660&6-4+.'-531/#)0'5+-CFD%;DEC;="@6F=D; 9>"@6F=D;"@6F=EAC"@6F=E3@D;;C;@7C9;"@6F=E3@D;+;>3@9?7?;>;=;E7C63B3EB36347D3C3@@J3CFD%;DEC;=?7@;?4F>=3@&763@&39@7E6;D7>;6;=;A>7:&;5:37>3C363J6;E7C3B=3@B363 7@7C3EAC<7@;D@J3 7@7C3EAC 7@7C3EAC?7@9:3D;>=3@,793@93@%;DEC;=A>3=3>;=CFD%;DEC;=A>3=3>;=6;9F@3=3@63>3?C3@9=3;3@*7D;DEAC"@6F=EAC$3B3D;EAC*%+7C;%+7C;*%+7C;63B3E?7@93>3?;*7DA@3@D;?7@;?4F>=3@6;D74FEPeta KonsepSetelah mempelajari bab ini, Anda tentu dapatmemahami konsep induksi elektromagnetik yang dapatmenghasilkan arus induksi dan ggl induksi. Anda jugatentu memahami rangkaian impedansi dalam arus bolak-balik. Dari keseluruhan materi pada bab ini, bagian manayang menurut Anda sulit dipahami? Coba Andadiskusikan bersama teman atau guru Fisika Anda.RefleksiPenala pada radio merupakan pemanfaatanrangkaian impedansi. Coba Anda cari manfaat atauaplikasi konsep Fisika yang ada pada bab ini dan cobaAnda diskusikan cara kerjanya bersama teman Anda.*+7C;
Induksi Elektromagnetik167Tes Kompetensi Bab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
Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas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
169Proyek Semester 1)363D7?7DE7C93@<;>;@;@63E7>3:?7?B7>3<3C;34E7@E3@9"@6F=D;>7=ECA?39@7E;=@63E3:F43:H33CFD>;DEC;=63B3E6;:3D;>=3@63C;?763@?39@7E63@=3H3E?7>3>F;BCAD7D;@6F=D;-@EF=>74;:?7?3:3?;=A@D7BE7CD74FE@633=3@6;EF93D=3@F@EF=?7>3=F=3@=79;3E3@D7?7DE7CD753C347C=7>A?BA=47CD3?3E7?3@@63,F93DJ3@9:3CFD6;>3=F=3@363>3:?7?4F3E97@7C3EAC>;DEC;=D767C:3@33>3?D3EF=7>3D6;439;?7@<36;6F3=7>A?BA=$7>A?BA=B7CE3?3?7@97C<3=3@B7?4F3E3@97@7C3EACJ3@9?7@9:3D;>=3@3CFDD73C3:63@=7>A?BA==76F3?7@97C<3=3@B7?4F3E3@97@7C3EACJ3@9?7@9:3D;>=3@3CFD4A>3=43>;=-@EF=?7@93C3:=3@B7=7C<33@@636;EF>;D=3@BF>3>3@9=3:>3@9=3:B7@97C<33@EF93DBCAJ7=;3=:;CB7=7C<33@@6347CD3?3E7?3@D7=7>A?BA=:3CFD?7@JFDF@>3BAC3@=79;3E3@J3@947C;D;=3@#F6F>,F<F3@>3E63@3:3@3D3CE7AC;E7@E3@997@7C3EAC63@<7@;D3CFDJ3@96;:3D;>=3@)CAD76FCB7C5A433@@3>;D;DC3@9=3;3@$7D;?BF>3@63@+3C3@$7?F6;3@>3BAC3@E7CD74FE6;BC7D7@E3D;=3@6;:363B3@=7>A?BA=>3;@63@9FCF;D;=3@63Generator Listrik Sederhana!6,6#0')+#5#0&7?4F3E97@7C3EAC>;DEC;=D767C:3@3J3@963B3E?7@9:3D;>=3@3CFD3E3F.#5&#0#*#0  $3H3E7?3;>6;3?7E7C ??D75F=FB@J3  &39@7E43E3@9(5? 5?+5?6F34F3:B7@99F@33@?39@7E;@;4;D36;93@E;67@93@?39@7E47=3D$',*(#)  )3B3@>3@63D3@( 5? 5?+ 5? )3B3@E;3@9BACAD(5? 5?+5?6F34F3:)7C:3E;=3@93?43C36;D3?B;@9 )3B3@E;3@9CA63B7?FE3C(5? 5?+ 5?D3EF4F3:)7C:3E;=3@93?43C46;D3?B;@9 *A63)7C:3E;=3@93?43C47C;=FE $3C7EB7@9:F4F@9F=FC3@6;D7DF3;=3@ )>3EE7?4393J3@96;47@EF=5;@5;@D75F=FB@J3 $347>D75F=FB@J3  %3?BF% H3EE1 cm4 cm4 cmlubang poros9 cm1 cm4 cmlubang porosroda pemutar12 cm5 cm3pegangan rodapemutar5 cm1,5 cmroda pemutarroda porosroda tampak muka4
Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII170314'&63'3%1$##0  )7C:3E;=3@D=7?33>3EE3?B3=3E3D47C;=FE67@93@E7>;E;  F3E=F?B3C3@63C; >;>;E3@=3H3E7?3;>67@93@F=FC3@D74393;47C;=FE93C=F?B3C3@=A=A:?7@7?B7>B363BACAD9F@3=3@B7@9;=3E=3H3E  *3@9=3;=3@B7C3>3E3@D7B7CE;B363D=7?3)AD;D;D7E;3B3>3E6;D7DF3;=3@67@93@E7?B3EJ3@9363B363B3B3@>3@63D3@ )7C:3E;=3@B7?3D3@93@5;@5;@B363=F?B3C3@47C;=FE +7E7>3:C3@9=3;3@D7>7D3;5A43@63BFE3CCA63B7?FE3C3 -@EF=97@7C3EAC<;=3>3?BF%6;EF=3CBAD;D;=3=;@J3?3=3%E7E3B3=3@?7@J3>34 -@EF=97@7C3EAC<;=3>3?BF%6;EF=3CBAD;D;=3=;@J3?3=3363BAD;D;J3@9?7@J7434=3@%?3E;3 cm8 cm7 cm7 cm6 cm6 cmUSmagnetpapantiang porosroda pemutarkaret penghubungroda porospapan tiang poroskumparanpapan tiang roda pemutarLEDLEDporosporosujung kabel 1LEDujung kabel 2CFDCFD
171Tes Kompetensi FisikaSemester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
Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII172  )363DF3EFD33EE7C>;:3E=;>3E63@ D=7?F6;3@E7C67@93CDF3C39F@EFC@J3#;=3=757B3E3@53:3J347D3C@J3 O ? D63@=757B3E3@4F@J;  ? D<3C3=3@E3C3E7?B3E3D3>=;>3E63@B7@93?3E363>3:3 ?6 O ?4  ?7 O ?5  ?  +74F3:3>3EDA@3C6;9F@3=3@F@EF=?7@9F=FC=763>3?3@>3FE+7>3@9H3=EFJ3@96;53E3EA>7:DA@3CF@EF=97>A?43@9?7C3?43E:;@993=7?43>;>39;=7DA@3C363>3: D#;=357B3EC3?43E97>A?43@96;63>3?3;C>3FE363>3:  ? D=763>3?3@3;C>3FE363>3:3  ?6   ?4  ?7  ?5  ?  +74F3:DF?47C4F@J;47C97C3=67@93@=757B3E3@? D?7@F<F=7B7@67@93CJ3@96;3?D7:;@9938C7=F7@D;J3@96;67@93CA>7:B7@67@93C363>3:#;=3DF?47C4F@J;;EF6;3?D763@9=3@B7@67@93C47C97C3=67@93@=757B3E3@? D?7@67=3E;DF?47C4F@J;8C7=F7@D;J3@96;67@93CA>7:B7@67@93C363>3:#;=357B3EC3?43E4F@J;6;F63C3-? DB7C43@6;@93@  363>3:3 6 N-4 N-7 -5 -  #;=36F34F3:DF?47C4F@J;?3D;@9?3D;@967@93@8C7=F7@D;  !K63@  !K47C4F@J;67@93@D7C7@E3=?3=33=3@E;?4F>B7>3J3@93@4F@J;67@93@8C7=F7@D;3 !K6  !K4 !K7  !K5 !K  F34F3:63H3;43<3J3@9;67@E;=?7?47C;=3@@36363D3C67@93@8C7=F7@D; !K#;=3E793@93@63>3?D3>3:D3EF63H3;6;E3?43:67@93@ 47C3B38C7=F7@D;B7>3J3@93@J3@9E7C<36;3 !K6 !K4 !K7 !K5 !K  ,34F@9?7@9:3D;>=3@C7DA@3@D;B7CE3?3B363 5?#;=3B3@<3@9=3H3E 5?47C97E3CB363@3633E3D=76F363@57B3EC3?43E4F@J;6;F63C3  ? D57B3EC3?43E97>A?43@9EC3@DG7CD3>63>3?=3H3E363>3:3 ? D6 ? D4  ? D7 ? D5  ? D  +3EF3@=F3E?763@>;DEC;=6;@J3E3=3@63>3?  @7HEA@ 5AF>A?4  <AF>7 67E;=  GA>E ?7E7C 5AF>A?4 GA>E+3EF3@J3@947@3C363>3:3  63@ 4  63@5   63@ 6 D3<37 D7?F347@3C  -@EF=?7?;@63:=3@?F3E3@ 63C;D3EFE;E;=J3@9BAE7@D;3>@J3 .=7DF3EFE;E;=>3;@67@93@4763BAE7@D;3> .6;B7C>F=3@FD3:3D747D3C3 <AF>76  <AF>74 <AF>77  <AF>75  <AF>7  +F3EF?F3E3@D747D3CO NE7C>7E3=63>3?D74F3:CF3@9+F3EFE;E;=E7C>7E3= 5?63C;?F3E3@;EF7D3C=F3E?763@6;E;E;=;EF363>3:3  ' ?7@F<F?F3E3@4  ' ?7@;@993>=3@?F3E3@5  ' ?7@F<F?F3E3@6  ' ?7@F<F?F3E3@7  ' ?7@;@993>=3@?F3E3@  F34F3:7>7=ECA@67@93@ O N63@% O N =96;>7B3D=3@63C;=73633@6;3?B363D33E=76F3@J347C<3C3= O N ?$757B3E3@7>7=ECA@=7E;=3=76F3@J347C<3C3=O N ?363>3:3  O ? D 6 O ? D4  O ? D 7 O ? D5  O ? D  ,;934F3:=3B3D;EACJ3@9?3D;@9?3D;@9=3B3D;E3D@J3 63@6;:F4F@9=3@D753C3D7C;$76F3F<F@963C;934F@93@E7CD74FE6;:F4F@9=3@67@93@DF?47CE793@93@J3@947D3C@J3 .,793@93@3@E3C3F<F@9F<F@9=3B3D;EAC363>3:3  .6 .4  .7  .5 .  +74F3:=A?B3D?39@7E;=6;E7?B3E=3@6;43H3:=3H3E47C3CFD63@D7<3<3CE7C:363B=3H3ED7B7CE;E3?B3=B36393?43C47C;=FE$FEF4D7>3E3@?39@7E3=3@3 47C97C3==73E3D4 47C97C3==743H3:5 47CBFE3C=7>F3C4;63@9=7CE3D6 47CBFE3C=763>3?4;63@9=7CE3D7 47C97C3==763>3?SUI
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