Fisika · e_Bab 5 Medan Magnetik

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a_Bab 1 Gejala Gelombang b_Bab 2 Gelombang Cahaya c_Bab 3 Gelombang Bunyi d_Bab 4 Medan Listrik e_Bab 5 Medan Magnetik f_Bab 6 Elektromagnetik g_bab 7 Radiasi Benda Hitam h_Bab 8 Fisika Atom i_Bab 9 Teori Relativitas Khusus j_Bab 10 Fisika Inti dan Radiaktivitas

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Medan Magnetik105Medan MagnetikA. Medan MagnetikB. Gaya MagnetikC. Aplikasi GayaMagnetikD. Sifat MagnetBahanmenerapkan induksi magnetik dan gaya magnetik pada beberapa produk teknologi.Setelah mempelajari bab ini, Anda harus mampu:)490@07 :4<06=4B0= B4;07 38<C;08 A490: @0BCA0= B07C= F0=6 ;0;C07C;C 38 304@07 A80 !428; >@0=6 <4=4<C:0= A41C07 10BC F0=6 30?0BA0;8=6 <4=0@8: A0BC A0<0 ;08= #4@4:0 <4=F41CB=F0 A410608!"'!8=8 >@0=6 30?0B <4<1C0B 30= <4<0=500B:0= 14=30 A4?4@B8 8BC 30=<4=F41CB=F0 A410608 <06=4B 8:0=30?4@70B8:0=<06=4B10=F0:38<0=500B:0=?030 #)'$&:><?0A <>B>@ ;8AB@8: <4<>@8 :><?CB4@ 30= 64=4@0B>@ ;8AB@8:0?0B:07=30 <4=F41CB:0= 14=3014=30 ;08= F0=6 <4=66C=0:0= <06=4B 8:0 =30 <4<8;8:8 <06=4B 10B0=6 =30 30?0B <4=60<0B810608<0=0 14=3014=30 F0=6 B4@6>;>=6 54@@><06=4B8: A4?4@B8 14A8 30?0BB4@B0@8: :4B8:0 38B4<?0B:0= 38 30;0< <430= <06=4B8: 10B0=6 B4@A41CB%012%$<4=4<C:0=107E0<430=<06=4B8:B830:70=F038B8<1C;:0=>;47A41C07<06=4B%012%$<4=34<>=AB@0A8:0=10608<0=090@C<?030:><?0A <4=F8<?0=6 :4B8:0 3834:0B:0= 34=60= A41C07 :0E0B 14@0@CA;8AB@8: 0; B4@A41CB <4=0=30:0= 107E0 38 A4:8B0@ :0E0B 14@0@CA ;8AB@8:B4@30?0B <430= <06=4B8:?0:07<430=<06=4B8:8BC?0:0714=3054@@><06=4B8:8BC8B4@0?:0= 30;0< 70; 0?0 A090:07 6490;0 :4<06=4B0= 8BC &030 101 8=8 =30 0:0=<4<?4;090@8A4<C0B4=B0=6:4<06=4B0=30=?4=4@0?0==F030;0<B4:=>;>68menerapkan konsep kelistrikan dan kemagnetan dalam berbagaipenyelesaian masalah dan produk teknologi.Hasil yang harus Anda capai:105Jarum pada kompas menyimpang mengikuti arah medan magnetik yangditimbulkan oleh kawat berarus.Bab5Sumber: Physics For Scientists and Engineers,2000

Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII106A. Medan Magnetik1.Medan Magnetik di Sekitar Magnet Permanen#06=4B8A<4 38:4B07C8 >@0=6 A490: 14@01030103 F0=6 ;0;C /0<0=3C;CA49C<;07>@0=6<4=64B07C8107E01898714A8F0=614@E0@=0<4B0;8:0B0C F0=6 38A41CB <06=4B8: <4<8;8:8 A850B <4=0@8: ?0@B8:4;?0@B8:4; 14A8:4 0@07=F0 !0B0 <06=4B 14@0A0; 30@8 J "'K F08BC AC0BC 304@07 38A80 !428; B4<?0B 38B4<C:0==F0 10=F0: 4=30?0= <06=4B8: 30?C=:4<06=4B0= 030;07 A850BA850B 30= 6490;06490;0 30@8 <06=4B8)#&=30B4;07<4<?4;090@8107E0<06=4B<4<8;8:83C0:CBC1F08BC:CBC1CB0@030=:CBC1A4;0B0= 8:0:CBC1:CBC1A494=8A3834:0B:0=:43C0 :CBC1 B4@A41CB 0:0= B>;0:<4=>;0: 30?C= 98:0 :CBC1:CBC1B830: A494=8A 3834:0B:0= :43C0 :CBC1 B4@A41CB 0:0= B0@8:<4=0@8:&4@70B8:0=!,"!0 #430= <06=4B8: 030;07 304@07 38 A4:8B0@ <06=4B 38 <0=0 <06=4B<06=4B ;08= 0B0C 14=3014=30 <06=4B8: F0=6 38;4B0::0= 30;0< 304@07 8=8<0A87 38?4=60@C78 <06=4B B4@A41CB )C<14@ <430= <06=4B8: 381430:0=<4=9038 3C0 94=8A F08BC <06=4B ?4@<0=4= 30= <06=4B 8=3C:A88 A4:8B0@ <06=4B ?4@<0=4= B4@30?0B <430= <06=4B8: F0=6 30?0B3860<10@:0=34=60=60@8A60@8A60F0<06=4B8:0@8A60@8A60F0<06=4B8:A4;0;C:4;C0@30@8:CBC1CB0@0<06=4B30=<0AC::4:CBC1A4;0B0=<06=4B830;0<<06=4B60@8A60@8A60F0<06=4B8:<4<8;8:80@0730@8A4;0B0=:4CB0@004@07F0=6<4<8;8:8<430=<06=4B8::C0B3860<10@:0=34=60=60@8A60@8A60F0F0=6@0?0BA430=6:0=304@07F0=6<430=<06=4B8:=F0;4<073860<10@:0=34=60= 60@8A60@8A 60F0 <06=4B8: F0=6 @4=660=6 &>;0?>;0 60@8A60F0<06=4B8: <06=4B + 30= <06=4B 10B0=6 38BC=9C::0= ?030!,"!0 04@07 0B0C B4<?0B <430= <06=4B8: F0=6 <4<8;8:8 :C0B <430=<06=4B8:?0;8=614A0@38A41CB:CBC1<06=4B)4B80?<06=4B0;0<0?0?C=14=BC:=F0A4;0;C<4<8;8:83C0:CBC1F08BC:CBC1CB0@030=:CBC1A4;0B0=(#'!%+!0!$!7 <4=660<10@:0= <430= <06=4B8: A410608 60@8A60@8A60F00@8A60F0F0=6A4<0:8=@0?0B<4=C=9C::0=<430=<06=4B8:F0=6A4<0:8=:C0B!C0B<430=<06=4B8:<4=C=9C::0=14A0@=F08=3C:A8<06=4B8: &4@70B8:0=!,"!0 Gambar 5.2Pola garis gaya magnetik pada(a) magnet U dan(b) magnet batang.01Gambar 5.1Pola garis gaya magnetik%"%+3,,%,/%+!)!0(*.-1%/%$!-!&-%2(**%0)!*!-+!'1.!+1.!+"%0(*32$!+!,"3*3+!2('!-Tes Kompetensi Awal #4=C@CB=300?0:07:0E0B14@0@CA30?0B<4=670A8;:0=<430=<06=4B8:?0F0=60:0=B4@903898:0:0E0B14@0@CA38A8<?0=3830;0< <430= <06=4B8: >10 94;0A:0= 54=><4=0B4@A41CBA4AC08?4=64B07C0=F0=6B4;07=30<8;8:8 >10=30A41CB:0=:><?>=4=:><?>=4=4;4:B@>=8:F0=6:4@90=F0<4=670A8;:0=<430=<06=4B8: )41CB:0= 30= 94;0A:0= 94=8A 1070= <06=4B8:4@8:0=2>=B>7=F0<0A8=6<0A8=6A0BC1C07Gambar 5.3(a) Garis gaya magnetik tegak lurusmenembus bidang A (fluksmagnetik);(b) Medan magnetik B menembusbidang A dengan membentuksudut terhadap garis normal.BAgaris normal 0Bgaris normalAn01Sumber: Physics, 1995tarik-menariktolak-menolak

Medan Magnetik107;C:A <06=4B8: 030;07 10=F0:=F0 60@8A <430= <06=4B8: F0=638;8=6:C?8 >;47 AC0BC ;C0A 304@07 B4@B4=BC 30;0< 0@07 B460: ;C@CA)420@0 <0B4<0B8A 30?0B 38BC;8A 107E0 C=BC: :>=AB0= 30= :>=AB0= :>=AB0= ?4@A0<00==F0 030;07-2>AI 8:0AC3CB 0B0CB460:;C@CAB4@7030?1830=6%01!,!!- 9<4=9038I!4B4@0=60=- D4:B>@ A0BC0= A40@07 60@8A =>@<0; 5;C:A <06=4B8: -1 ;C0A 1830=6 F0=6 <4;8=6:C?8 >;47< <430= <06=4B8: -1<AC3CB0=B0@030=-4@0?0:07:C0B<430=<06=4B8:F0=63870A8;:0=>;475;C:A<06=4B8: E414@F0=6<4=4<1CA1830=6A4;C0A <A420@0B460:;C@CA!5!"8:4B07C8 -1 <4=60=<4=66C=0:0=%01!,!!- 9 38?4@>;47 -1< 038:C0B<430=<06=4B8:F0=63870A8;:0=030;07 -1<2.Medan Magnetik di Sekitar Arus Listrik+=BC: <4<?4@94;0A ?4<070<0= <4=64=08 <430= <06=4B8:?4@70B8:0=!,"!0 !4B8:0 A4@1C: 14A8 38A410@:0= 38 304@07 <430=<06=4B8: A4@1C: 14A8 0:0= <4<14=BC: ?>;0 60@8A60@8A 60F0 <06=4B8:!4@0?0B0= 60@8A60@8A 60F0 F0=6 180A0 38A41CB )' !"( B4@A41CB<4=C=9C::0= 14A0@=F0 :C0B <430= <06=4B8: 38 B4<?0B B4@A41CB 0@8A60@8A 60F0 8=8 A0BC 30= F0=6 ;08= B830: ?4@=07 14@?>B>=60= 30= A4;0;C<4=90C78 :CBC1 CB0@0 30= <4=34:0B8 :CBC1 A4;0B0=&030 A4:8B0@ !-1'0(12(!-%012%$ I 58A8:0E0=0A0; 4=<0@: <4=4<C:0= 50:B0 107E0 '(& +( &&)' '(&(&$( !" !"( 0:B0 B4@A41CB 38?4@>;47 A4B4;07%012%$<4;0:C:0= AC0BC ?4@2>100= A434@70=0 60@ ;4187 94;0A <4<070<8?4@2>100= F0=6 38;0:C:0=%012%$ ;0:C:0=;07*2(4(2!1(1(*! 14@8:CBGambar 5.4Garis-garis gaya magnetik yangterbentuk oleh serbuk besiketika ditempatkan di tempatyang dipengaruhi oleh kawatberarus listrik.Contoh 5.1IIBaru-baru ini di dalam tengkorakburung merpati ditemukan sejenissensor magnet yang tersusun darimagnet-magnet elementer. Tiapmagnet tersebut terhubung denganotak melalui saraf. Sensor tersebutdapat menentukan posisi arahmelintang sepanjang magnet Bumi,selain itu juga dapat menentukanketinggian posisinya dari permukaanBumi.Pigeons have recently been found tohave multiple-domain magnetitemagnets within their skulls. That areconnected with a large number ofnerves to the pigeon’s brain. Pigeonshave a magnetic sense, and not onlycan they discern longitudinaldirections along the earth’s magneticfield, but they can also detect latitudeby the dip of the earth’s field.Informasiuntuk AndaInformation for YouSumber: Conceptual Physics, 1998Aktivitas Fisika 5.1Medan Magnetik di Sekitar Kawat BerarusTujuan PercobaanMengamati medan magnetik yang disebabkan oleh kawat berarus listrik.Alat-alat Percobaan1.Sebuah baterai4.Kawat penghantar2.Kabel5.Kompas kecil3.Sebuah saklar

Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII108012Gambar 5.7(a) Kaidah tangan kanan; (b) Jika arusmenuju pengamat, arah medanmagnetik berputar ke kiri; (c)Jika arah arus menjauhipengamat, arah medanmagnetik berputar ke kanan.%012%$?4@B0<0:0;8<4<?C1;8:0A8:0=?4=4<C0==F0B4=B0=6?4=60@C7:C0B <430= <06=4B8: 38 A4:8B0@ :0E0B 14@0@CA &030 0E0;=F0 A420@0 B830:A4=6090 80 <4;4B0::0= 90@C< :><?0A 38 0B0A :0E0B ?0=90=6 F0=6 14@0@CA*4@=F0B0 90@C< :><?0A B4@A41CB <4=60;0<8 ?4=F8<?0=60= &4@8AB8E0?4=F8<?0=60= 90@C< :><?0A 30?0B =30 ?4@70B8:0= <4;0;C8!,"!0 8:0B830:B4@30?0B0@CAF0=6<4=60;8@<4;0;C8A41C07?4=670=B0@ 90@C<:><?0AB4B0??030?>A8A8A48<10=6F08BCCB0@0A4;0B0=A4?4@B8!,"!0 !!4B8:0 0@CA <4=60;8@ 30@8 0@07 CB0@0 90@C< :><?0A 0:0= <4=F8<?0=6 :4:0=0= A4?4@B8!,"!0 " 30= :4B8:0 0@CA <4=60;8@ 30@8 0@07 A4;0B0=90@C< :><?0A 0:0= <4=F8<?0=6 :4 :8@8 A4?4@B8!,"!0 #0@8 ?4@2>100= F0=6 38;0:C:0==F0%012%$ <4=F0B0:0= 107E0 38A4:8B0@ ?4=670=B0@ 14@0@CA B4@30?0B <430= <06=4B8: F0=6 0@07=F014@60=BC=6 :4?030 0@07 0@CA ;8AB@8: F0=6 <4=60;8@ <4;0;C8 ?4=670=B0@B4@A41CB +=BC: <4=4=BC:0= 0@07 0@CA ;8AB@8: 30= 60@8A60@8A <430=<06=4B8: =30 30?0B <4=66C=0:0= 0BC@0= B0=60= :0=0= 8:0 0@CA ;8AB@8: 380;8@:0= ?030 :0E0B ;C@CA F0=6 <4=4<1CA B460:;C@CA ?030 1830=6 F0=6 B4;07 38B01C@8 A4@1C: 14A8 A4@1C:A4@1C: 14A80:0= <4=C=9C::0= ?>;0 60@8A60@8A <430= <06=4B8: F0=6 14@14=BC:;8=6:0@0= A4?CA0B A4?4@B8 38BC=9C::0= ?030!,"!0 @07 60@8A60@8A 60F0 <06=4B8: 38 A4:8B0@ ?4=670=B0@ 14@0@CA 30?0B38B4=BC:0= 34=60= :08307 B0=60= :0=0= A4?4@B8!,"!0 14@8:CBGambar 5.5(a) Penghantar tidak dilalui arus listrik;(b) Penghantar dialiri arus listrikdari utara; (c) Penghantar dialiriarus listrik dari arah selatan.Perhatikan arah simpanganjarumnya.Gambar 5.6Pola garis medan magnetik yangdibentuk oleh serbuk besi di sekitarkawat lurus berarus listrik.Sumber: Conceptual Physics, 1998SUUUUUUSSSSSBB012BBLangkah-langkah Percobaan1.Susunlah peralatan sehingga terlihat seperti Gambar(a). Dalam keadaansakelar S terbuka, letakkan kawat penghantar di atas kompas dengan arahmemanjang sejajar dengan jarum kompas.2.Perhatikan arah penunjukan jarum kompas.3.Kemudian, tutuplah sakelar S seperti pada Gambar (b). Amati jarum kompas,apa yang terjadi?4.Baliklah polaritas baterai seperti pada Gambar (c). Lakukanlah pengamatanseperti langkah 2 dan 4. Amati yang terjadi dengan jarum kompas.5.Apakah kesimpulan Anda dari kegiatan ini?012SSSIIII!4B4@0=60= 0@07 0@CA <4=4<1CA 1830=6 60<10@ <4=34:0B8 ?4=60<0B 0@07 0@CA <4=4<1CA 1830=6 60<10@ <4=90C78 ?4=60<0B

Medan Magnetik109 8:0 B0=60= :0=0= <4=664=660< ?4=670=B0@ ;C@CA 34=60= 81C 90@8<4=C=9C::0=0@070@CA;8AB@8:0@07;8?0B0=90@890@8F0=6;08==F0<4=C=9C::0= 0@07 ?CB0@0= 60@8A60@8A 60F0 <06=4B8:3.Hukum Biot-Savart)4B4;07 ?4=4<C0=%012%$ 3C0 >@0=6 58A8:0E0= &@0=28A 14@=0<0%!-!/2(12%(.230=%+(6!4!0214@70A8;<4=4=BC:0=14A0@=F0<430=<06=4B8: F0=6 38B8<1C;:0= >;47 0@CA ;8AB@8: AB018;(.230=!4!02<4;0:C:0=?4=60<0B0=B4@7030?:>=B@81CA88=3C:A8<06=4B8:?030AC0BCB8B8: F0=6 38B8<1C;:0= >;47 A41C07 ?4=670=B0@ 14@0@CA ;8AB@8:!C0B <430= <06=4B8: 38=F0B0:0= 30;0< 8=3C:A8 <06=4B8:&4@70B8:0=!,"!0 C:C< 8>B)0D0@B <4=F0B0:0= 14A0@=F08=3C:A8 <06=4B8: F0=6 38A4101:0= >;47 4;4<4= 0@CA ;8AB@8: 14@10=38=6 ;C@CA 34=60= :C0B 0@CA ;8AB@8: 14@10=38=6 ;C@CA 34=60= ?0=90=6 4;4<4= ?4=670=B0@ 14@10=38=6B4@10;8:34=60=:C03@0B90@0:&0=B0@0A41C07B8B8:B4<?0B?4=6C:C@0= 8=3C:A8 4;4:B@><06=4B8: 34=60= 4;4<4= ?4=670=B0@ A410=38=6 34=60= A8=CA AC3CB 0?8B 0=B0@0 0@07 0@CA 30= 60@8A ?4=67C1C=6 B8B8: & 34=60=)420@0 <0B4<0B8A ?4@A0<00= 8>B)0D0@B 30?0B 38BC;8A A410608 14@8:CBA8=&I 8<0=0030;07AC3CB0=B0@00@0730@830=&030;07:>=AB0=B0?4@<4018;8B0A F0=6 <4<8;8:8 =8;08 A410608 14@8:CB *< *< I 4.Induksi Magnetik di Sekitar Kawat Lurus&4@70B8:0=!,"!0 )4CB0A:0E0B;C@CA34=60=?0=90=6380;8@80@CA ;8AB@8: A478=660 B8<1C; 8=3C:A8 <06=4B8: 38A4:8B0@ :0E0B B4@A41CB 8:0 380<18; 4;4<4= ?030 :0E0B ;C@CA B4@A41CB 30= A41C07 B8B8: &F0=6 14@90@0:& 30@8 AC3CB F0=6 3814=BC: >;47 4;4<4= 34=60=&030;074@30A0@:0= ?4@A0<00= 8>B)0D0@B 14A0@=F0 8=3C:A8 <06=4B8: 38B8B8: & 030;07A8= & 8:0 ?0=90=6 :0E0B 030;07 30@8 =>; A0<?08 90C7 B0: B4@78=660 <0:08=3C:A8 <06=4B8:=F0 <4=9038A8= &I&4@70B8:0= :4<10;8!,"!0 %01!,!!- 9 <4@C?0:0= 8=3C:A8<06=4B8: :0@4=0 ?4=60@C7 :0E0B 30@8 =>; :4 10E07 38?4@78BC=6:0=<0:0 8=3C:A8 <06=4B8: B>B0; 38 & 030;07A8= &IGambar 5.8Kawatdyang dialiri arus listrik.idBPrddGambar 5.9Induksi magnetik akibat kawatlurus berarus di sebuah titikyang berjarak a dari kawatlurus tersebut.dBPdI0ra

Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII110,0@8014;30=&30;0<?4@A0<00=8=8A0;8=6B4@8:0BA4AC0814=BC:A468B860 F0=6 3814=BC:=F0&30=A8=A8= 4=60= <4=AC1AB8BCA8:0= 70@60 D0@8014;D0@8014; 8=8 ?030%01!,!!- 9 30= <4=68=B46@0;:0==F0 3830?0B ?4@A0<00= 10@C A410608 14@8:CBI+=BC: <4=4=BC:0= 0@07 8=3C:A8 <06=4B8:=F0 30?0B 386C=0:0=0BC@0= B0=60= :0=0= &4@70B8:0=!,"!0 Gambar 5.10Arah induksi magnetik disekitar kawat lurus berarus.(a) Arah arus ke bawah;(b) Arah arus ke atas.Tugas Anda 5.1Coba Anda cari informasi apakah disekitar kawat lurus berarus timbulmedan magnetik juga jika arus yangmengalir arus bolak-balik.iiBB01)41C07:0E0B;C@CAF0=6A0=60B?0=90=6380;8@80@CA;8AB@8: *4=BC:0=14A0@8=3C:A8 <06=4B8: 38 0 B8B8: & F0=6 14@90@0: 2< 30@8 :0E0B 1 B8B8: ' F0=614@90@0: 2<30@8:0E0B!5!"4=60=<4=6C=0:0=%01!,!!- 938?4@>;47 -1< <$L I* -1< < L I* 0388=3C:A8<06=4B8:38B8B8:&030;07L I*30=38B8B8:'030;07 L I*Contoh 5.2Tantanganuntuk AndaJika pada kumparan yang dialiri aruslistrik ditambahkan inti besi lunak,medan magnetik yangditimbulkannya semakin besar.Mengapa demikian?I0rPd

Medan Magnetik1115.Induksi Magnetik di Sekitar Kawat Melingkar 8:0 A4CB0A :0E0B F0=6 <4;8=6:0@ 380;8@8 0@CA ;8AB@8: 38 A4:8B0@ :0E0BB4@A41CB 0:0= B8<1C; 8=3C:A8 <06=4B8: F0=6 14A0@=F0 30?0B 38B4=BC:0=34=60= <4=66C=0:0= ?4@A0<00= 8>B)0D0@B &4@70B8:0=!,"!0 0@0 F0=6 <C307 C=BC: <4=678BC=6 14A0@ 8=3C:A8 <06=4B8: 38 A4:8B0@:0E0B <4;8=6:0@ 14@0@CA F08BC 34=60= <4=678BC=6 14A0@ 8=3C:A8<06=4B8: 38 ?CA0B ;8=6:0@0= B4@A41CB B8B8: &=3C:A8 <06=4B8: 38 ?CA0B :0E0B <4;8=6:0@ 30?0B 38B4=BC:0= A4?4@B8?030 ?4=4=BC0= 8=3C:A8 <06=4B8: 38 A4:8B0@ :0E0B ;C@CA 8:0 =30?4@70B8:0= D0@8014; ?030!,"!0 030;07 A414A0@ H :0@4=00B460: ;C@CA 34=60= 0@07 4;4<4= 0@600 A0<0 34=60= :0@4=0:43C0=F0 14@78<?8B0= A478=660 98:0 D0@8014;D0@8014; B4@A41CB38<0AC::0= :4 30;0< ?4@A0<00= 8>B)0D0@B 0:0= 3830?0B <430=<06=4B8: 38 ?CA0B ;8=6:0@0= A410608 14@8:CBA8= &4@;C =30 ?4@70B8:0= 107E0 ?0=90=6 :0E0B A0<0 34=60= :4;8;8=6:0E0B A478=660 8=B46@0; <4<8;8:8 10B0A 30@8 =>; A0<?08 A478=660?4@A0<00= <4=9038$ $I%01!,!!- 9 14@;0:C C=BC: A0BC :0E0B <4;8=6:0@ 8:0 B4@30?0B ;8;8B0= :0E0B <4;8=6:0@ <0:0 8=3C:A8 <430= <06=4B8: 38 ?CA0B;8=6:0@0= :0E0B <4=9038$ I@07 <430= <06=4B8: 30?0B 38B4=BC:0= 34=60= 0BC@0= B0=60= :0=0=A4?4@B8 ?030!,"!0 Gambar 5.11Induksi magnetik di pusat kawatmelingkar berarus.z0xyIrarId&4@70B8:0=60<10@14@8:CB 8:08=3C:A8<06=4B8:38?CA0B;8=6:0@0=14@0@CA;8AB@8:F0=614@90@890@8030;07B4=BC:0=8=3C:A8<06=4B8:38B8B8:&01IaP2I2IPaII!5!"0%;47:0@4=014=BC::0E0B70=F014@C?0;8=6:0@0=14A0@8=3C:A8<06=4B8:38030;07$34=60=0@07<0AC:1830=61(4AC;B0=:C0B<430=<06=4B8:38B8B8:030;07$I Contoh 5.3Tantanganuntuk AndaPerhatikan gambar berikut.Penghantar berbentuk duasetengah lingkaran konsentris,memiliki jari-jari a1 = 2 cm dana2 = 4 cm. Penghantar dialiri oleharus listrik I = 2 A.Tentukanlah besarinduksi magnetik total yang timbuldi titik pusat A.AIIa2a1

Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII1126.Induksi Magnetik di Pusat dan Ujung Solenoida# "#030;07 AC0BC ;8;8B0= :0E0B ?4=670=B0@ F0=6 ?0=90=6 0B0C:C<?0@0= @0?0B F0=6 <4=F4@C?08 ;8;8B0= ?460A A4?4@B8 F0=6 38BC=9C::0=?030!,"!0 ! 8:0:C<?0@0=?4=670=B0@388@8AA420@0<4<1C9C@<4;8=B0=60:0=3830?0B8@8A0=?4=0<?0=6A4?4@B8?030!,"!0 "!C<?0@0=?4=670=B0@F0=614@0@CA;8AB@8:0:0=<4=670A8;:0=60@8A<430=<06=4B8: 34=60= ?>;0 A0<0 34=60= F0=6 3870A8;:0= >;47 <06=4B 10B0=6 8:0 ?0=90=6 A>;4=>830 30= B4@38@8 0B0A 1C07 ;8;8B0= 9C<;07;8;8B0=C=BC:A4B80?A0BC0=?0=90=6<4=9038"30=90@890@8:C<?0@0==F0 =3C:A8 <06=4B8: 38 B8B8: & F0=6 B4@;4B0: ?030 AC<1C A>;4=>83030= 38A4101:0= >;47 4;4<4= A>;4=>830 A4?0=90=6,030;07A8=" &I 030;07 AC3CB 0=B0@0&30=, A478=660A8=2>A42A8=&&2>B0=2>B0=2>A42,,, 4A0@=F0 8=3C:A8 <06=4B8: 38 & >;47 A4;C@C7 ?0=90=6 :0E0B A>;4=>83034=60=<4=AC1AB8BCA8:0=70@60&30=,:430;0<%01!,!!- 9030;07A8=" 2>A2>A" I 8:0A>;4=>830B4@A41CBA0=60B?0=90=6A478=660 H30= H14A0@ 8=3C:A8 <06=4B8: 38 ?CA0B A>;4=>830 030;070B0C " I 4A0@8=3C:A8<06=4B8:38C9C=6A>;4=>83034=60= H30= H030;070B0C " I 0PdDxaPCAFrGambar 5.12(a) Solenoida yang dialiriarus listrik; (b) Penampang irisanmembujur solenoida.1)41C07A>;4=>830F0=6?0=90=6=F0<30=90@890@8&<<4<8;8:8 ;8;8B0=A>;4=>830B4@A41CB380;8@80@CAA414A0@ 0*4=BC:0=8=3C:A8<06=4B8:38C9C=6A>;4=>8301 8:0A>;4=>83038@4=660=6:0=A478=660?0=90=6=F03C0:0;8A4<C;014@0?0:0714A0@=F08=3C:A8<06=4B8:38C9C=6A>;4=>830B4@A41CB!5!"0 =3C:A8 <06=4B8: 38 C9C=6 A>;4=>830 38B4=BC:0= 34=60= <4=66C=0:0=%01!,!!- 9 F08BC -1< < *$ " Contoh 5.4To k o hHans Oersted(1777–1851)Hans Oersted adalah seorang ahliFisika berkebangsaan Denmark. Padatahun 1819 ia menemukanhubungan mendasar antarakemagnetan dan kelistrikan.Percobaannya menunjukkanterjadinya pembelokan pada jarumkompas ketika didekatkan dengankawat berarus. Fenomena ini dikenaldengan elektromagnetisme.Sumber:www.allautobiographies.com

Medan Magnetik113PPPIIITes Kompetensi Subbab A%0)!*!-+!'$!+!,"3*3+!2('!- *4=BC:0=0@07<430=<06=4B8:38B8B8:&?03060<10@14@8:CB012)41C07 :0E0B ;C@CA 14@0@CA ;8AB@8: 38;4B0::0= <4<0=90=6?0300@07CB0@0A4;0B0= 8:00@CA<4=60;8@?030:0E0B30@8CB0@0:4A4;0B0=B4=BC:0=0@07<430=<06=4B8:38B8B8:&F0=614@90@0:&380B0A:0E0BB4@A41CB &03060<10@14@8:CB&4=670=B0@ F0=6 14@0@CA ;8AB@8: 14@78<?8B0= 30=A40@0734=60=AC<1C,?>A8B85*4=BC:0=0@07<430=<06=4B8:38B8B8:30=x–x+AzBIy+y – 8:08=3C:A8<06=4B8:38?CA0B:0E0B;8=6:0@0=F0=614@0@CA30=14@90@890@8030;07B4=BC:0=8=3C:A8<06=4B8:38B8B8:&?03060<10@14@8:CB01)41C07:C<?0@0=:0E0B14@380<4B4@ 2<B4@38@80B0A ;8;8B0=*4=BC:0=14A0@0@CAF0=6<4=60;8@<4;0;C8:C<?0@0= 8BC 98:0 14A0@ 8=3C:A8 <06=4B8: 38 ?CA0B:C<?0@0=L I -1<6I2Ia2a3a9IP2aIPKata Kunci• medan magnetik• garis gaya magnetik• fluks magnet• kaidah tangan kanan• hukum Biot-Savart• solenoida• toroida• induksi magnetikalingkaran arusBGambar 5.13Toroida yang dialiri arus listrik.1 8:0?0=90=6=F0389038:0=3C0:0;8A4<C;0 <A478=6608=3C:A8<06=4B8:38C9C=6A>;4=>830<4=9038 -1< < *$ " 6.Induksi Magnetik di Sumbu Toroida# & # 030;07 :C<?0@0= F0=6 38;4=6:C=6:0= A478=660 AC<1C=F0<4<14=BC: A41C07 ;8=6:0@0= 8:0 B>@>830 380;8@8 0@CA ;8AB@8: 0:0= B8<1C;60@8A60@8A <430= <06=4B8: 14@14=BC: ;8=6:0@0= 38 30;0< B>@>830 B4@A41CB4A0@=F0 8=3C:A8 <06=4B8: 38 B8B8: & F0=6 14@030 38 ?CA0B AC<1CB>@>830 030;07 "I $8;08"030;079C<;07;8;8B0=?4@A0BC0=:4;8;8=6;8=6:0@0=2aA478=660%01!,!!- 9 30?0B 38BC;8A A410608 14@8:CB I !4B4@0=60= 90@890@8 B>@>830 < 9C<;07 ;8;8B0=

Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII114B. Gaya Magnetik8 !4;0A . =30 B4;07 <4=64B07C8 107E0 98:0 ?4=670=B0@ F0=6380;8@8 0@CA ;8AB@8: 30= 38B4<?0B:0= 38 304@07 <430= <06=4B8:?4=670=B0@B4@A41CB0:0=<4=60;0<860F00F0F0=6380;0<8?4=670=B0@B4@A41CB 38=0<0:0=- !"( 0B0C- #&"(.&4@70B8:0=!,"!0 )4CB0A:0E0B34=60=?0=90=6F0=6380;8@80@CA;8AB@8:38B4<?0B:0=3830;0<<430=<06=4B8:F0=60@07=F0B460:;C@CA <4=4<1CA 1830=6 :4@B0A !0E0B B4@A41CB 0:0= <4;4=6:C=6 :0@4=0?4=60@C760F0<06=4B8:4A0@=F060F0<06=4B8:F0=6380;0<8>;47:0E0B14@0@CA ;8AB@8: 38 30;0< <430= <06=4B8: 14@10=38=6 ;C@CA 34=60= :C0B0@CA ?0=90=6 :0E0B ?4=670=B0@ :C0B <430= <06=4B8: 30= A8=CA AC3CB0=B0@0 0@07 0@CA 30= 0@07 8=3C:A8 <06=4B8: )420@0 <0B4<0B8A 14A0@60F0 <06=4B8: 30?0B 38BC;8A:0= A410608 14@8:CBA8= I !4B4@0=60= 60F0 <06=4B8: $ :C0B 0@CA ;8AB@8: 8=3C:A8 <06=4B8: * AC3CB F0=6 3814=BC: >;4734=60= ?0=90=6 :0E0B ?4=670=B0@0;0< 14=BC: D4:B>@%01!,!!- 9 30?0B 38BC;8A A410608 14@8:CBLI 1.Menentukan Arah Gaya Magnetik=30 B4;07 <4=64B07C8 107E0 98:0 A4CB0A :0E0B F0=6 <4<8;8:8?0=90=6380;8@80@CA;8AB@8:30=38B4<?0B:0=3830;0<<430=<06=4B8: 0:0= B8<1C; 60F0 <06=4B8: 4A0@=F0 60F0 <06=4B8: ?030 :0E0B14@0@CA30?0B38B4=BC:0=34=60=<4=66C=0:0=%01!,!!- 9:0=B4B0?8 10608<0=0:07 20@0 <4=4=BC:0= 0@07 30@8 60F0 <06=4B8: +=BC:<4=64B07C8=F0 ;0:C:0=;07*2(4(2!1(1(*! 14@8:CB 8=8Gambar 5.14Seutas kawat berarus Iberada diruang yang dipengaruhi medanmagnetik Bsehingga timbulgaya magnetik (F) pada kawattersebut.IFGambar 5.15Penghantar panjangberaruslistrik I di dalam medanmagnetik homogen B.IBAktivitas Fisika 5.2Gaya MagnetikTujuan PercobaanMengamati gaya magnetikAlat-Alat Percobaan1.Aluminium foil4.Sebuah sakelar2.Sebuah magnet U5.Dua buah penjepit3.Sebuah bateraiLangkah-Langkah Percobaan1.Susunlah peralatan tersebut, seperti pada gambar berikut.pitaaluminiumpenjepitsakelar–+sebelumsakelar ditutup,pita aluminiumdalam keadaanmendatarFPsakelarQ–+

Medan Magnetik1152.Tutuplah sakelar agar arus listrik mengalir melalui pita aluminium.3.Apakah yang terjadi dengan pita aluminium tersebut?4.Ubahlah polaritas dari baterai, kemudian amati yang terjadi pada pitaaluminium.5.Balikkan posisi kutub magnet U, kemudian amati yang terjadi pada pitaaluminium.6.Apakah kesimpulan Anda dari kegiatan ini?FBFIGambar 5.17Arah gaya magnetik sesuai dengankaidah tangan kanan.&4@70B8:0=!,"!0 8:0 :0E0B ?4=670=B0@ F0=6 380;8@8 0@CA;8AB@8: 38;4B0::0= 38 30;0< 304@07 <430= <06=4B8: :0E0B B4@A41CB0:0=<4=60;0<860F0<06=4B8:F0=60@07=F0A4?4@B838BC=9C::0=?03060<10@ B4@A41CB A478=660 :0E0B 0:0= <4;4=6:C=6 :4 0B0A:0= B4B0?8 98:0 ?>;0@8B0A 10B4@08 3810;8: :0E0B 0:0= <4;4=6:C=6:410E070:810B30@860F0<06=4B8:F0=60@07=F0:410E07468BC?C;070;=F0 98:0 0@07 8=3C:A8 <06=4B8: 38C107 34=60= 20@0 <4=6C107 ?>A8A8<06=4B + 0@07 30@8 60F0 <06=4B8: 14@60=BC=6 ?030 0@07 0@CA ;8AB@8: 30= 0@07 <430= <06=4B8: 0;0<<4=4=BC:0=0@0760F0<06=4B8:F0=6380;0<8:0E0B14@0@CA;8AB@8:38 30;0< <430= <06=4B8: 30?0B 386C=0:0= :08307 B0=60= :0=0= 14@8:CB 8=8 ( $ ("" "" ) '!" '" !$( & -"&$(" !")") & !" !"( " ) & !")") &&)' '(& & #&#" ( $ ("" !")")" & - !"( -" ! # +( &&)' ?4@70B8:0=!,"!0 0380@0760F0<06=4B8:34=60=:08307B0=60=:0=0=<4=C=9C::0=0 81C 90@8 A410608 0@07 0@CA 1 0@07 60F0 <06=4B8: :4;C0@ 30@8 B4;0?0: B0=60= 2 AC3CB 030;07 AC3CB F0=6 3814=BC: >;47 81C 90@8 34=60= 90@8F0=6 ;08==F0 Gambar 5.16Gaya magnetik yang dialami kawatpenghantar berarus listrik.SUBIon bermuatan dari Mataharimendekati Bumi dan masuk keatmosfer menuju daerah kutubpada umumnya dikatakan adanyapengaruh medan magnetik Bumi.Kadang-kadang kejadian inimenimbulkan fenomena yangdisebut aurora borealis atau cahayautara di daerah lintang utara.Charged ions approach the Earth fromthe Sun and enter the atmospheremainly near the poles, sometimescausing a phenomenon called theaurora borealis or northern lights innorthern latitudes.Informasiuntuk AndaInformation for You&4=670=B0@ &' F0=6 ?0=90=6=F0 <30=8=3C:A8<06=4B8:*B4@;4B0:?0301830=630B0@:43C0=F0<4<14=BC:AC3CB HA0BCA0<0;08= 8:0 60F0 <06=4B8: F0=6 14:4@90 ?030?4=670=B0@14A0@=F0 $34=60=0@07A4?4@B8?03060<10@B4=BC:0=14A0@30=0@070@CA;8AB@8:F0=6<4=60;8@?030?4=670=B0@8BC!5!"4=60=<4=66C=0:0=:08307B0=60=:0=0=38?4@>;470@070@CA30@8&:4')4AC0834=60=%01!,!!- 9 38?4@>;47A8= $* <A8= H $* < 038:C0B;8AB@8:030;07<4=60;8@30@8&:4'PFQBContoh 5.52.Gaya Magnetik pada Muatan yang Bergerak 8:0 <C0B0= ;8AB@8:% 14@64@0: 34=60= :424?0B0=* 30;0< <430=<06=4B8: 7><>64= 0:0= B8<1C; 60F0 <06=4B8: ?030 <C0B0= B4@A41CB=30 B4=BC <4=64B07C8 107E0 7C1C=60= 0=B0@0 <C0B0= % 30= :C0BSumber:Physics for Scientist and Engineers

Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII1160@CA 030;07%( A478=660%01!,!!- 9 30?0B 38=F0B0:0=<4=9038A8=% ("8=B0A0= F0=6 38B4<?C7 <C0B0= 30;0< A4;0=6 E0:BC( A0<0 34=60=14A0@ :424?0B0= F08BC*(A478=660 14A0@ 60F0 <06=4B8: ?030 <C0B0=;8AB@8: F0=6 14@64@0: 30?0B 38=F0B0:0= 34=60= ?4@A0<00=A8= %*I !4B4@0=60=* 14A0@ :424?0B0= <C0B0= <A AC3CB 0?8B 0=B0@0 :424?0B0=*30=<430=<06=4B8:&0@B8:4; 14@<C0B0= F0=6 14@64@0: B460: ;C@CA B4@7030? <430=<06=4B8: 0:0= <4=60;0<8 60F0 <06=4B8: F0=6 0@07=F0 A4;0;C B460:;C@CA B4@7030? 0@07 :424?0B0= 4=60= 34<8:80= 60F0 <06=4B8:14@5C=6A8 A410608 60F0 A4=B@8?4B0; A478=660 64@0: ?0@B8:4; <4@C?0:0=64@0: <4;8=6:0@ 14@0BC@0= A4?4@B8 B0<?0: ?030!,"!0 =60B5C=6A8 60F0 A4=B@8?4B0; ?030 64@0: <4;8=6:0@4@30A0@:0=%01!,!!- 9 C=BC: = 60F0 <06=4B8:38=F0B0:0= 34=60= ?4@A0<00= %*I &0@B8:4; 14@<C0B0= 14@64@0: <4;8=6:0@ :0@4=0 <4=30?0B:0= 60F0A4=B@8?4B0; F08BC 60F0 <06=4B8: #4=C@CB C:C< $4EB>= ?030 64@0:<4;8=6:0@ 14@0BC@0= 14A0@=F0 60F0 30?0B 38BC;8A:0= A410608 14@8:CB!'%**!&!*&%I !4B4@0=60=& 90@890@8 ;8=B0A0= < 8=3C:A8 <06=4B8: *! <0AA0 ?0@B8:4; :6% <C0B0= ?0@B8:4; * :424?0B0= ;8=40@ ?0@B8:4; <A0608<0=0:0720@0<4=6C:C@<0AA0A41C07?0@B8:4;14@<C0B0=8>=+=BC:<4=6C:C@<0AA0A41C07?0@B8:4;14@<C0B0=8>=30?0B386C=0:0=A?4:B@>A:>? <0AA0 &4@70B8:0=!,"!0 F0=6 <4=68;CAB@0A8:0=A41C07 A?4:B@>A:>? <0AA0&0@B8:4; 14@<C0B0= 8>= % 3870A8;:0= >;47 ?4=670A8; 8>= A4B4;07B8<1C; <430= ;8AB@8: 0:810B 1430 ?>B4=A80; >= B4@A41CB <4=8=660;:0=B4<?0B ) :4<C380= <0AC: :4 30;0< @C0=6 F0=6 38 30;0<=F0 B4@30?0B<430= <06=4B8: 7><>64= <4;0;C8 A41C07 24;07 #430= <06=4B8:<4=F4101:0=8>=14@64@0:A4B4=607;8=6:0@0=34=60=90@890@8&3830;0<@C0=6 B4@A41CB4A0@=F0 4=4@68 :8=4B8: 8>= ?030 A00B <C=2C; 30= <C;08 14@64@0:A0<0 34=60= =>; :0= B4B0?8 A4B4;07 8>= 14@64@0: 30= A0<?08 38 ?>A8A80:78@=F08>=B4@A41CB<4<8;8:84=4@68:8=4B8:A414A0@!*>=14@64@0:BGambar 5.18Gaya yang dialami muatanbergerak dalam medanmagnetik.RFvAGambar 5.19Pengukuran massa ionmenggunakan spektroskop massa.xr+qS–+BV

Medan Magnetik117:0@4=0030=F0?4@C1070=?>B4=A80;3830;0<A?4:B@>A:>?A414A0@I%;47:0@4=0 <C0B0= F0=6 14@64@0: 030;07 <C0B0= ?>A8B85 8>= ?4@C1070=4=4@68 ?>B4=A80; F0=6 B4@9038 0:810B 64@0:0= 8>= B4@A41CB 030;07$%4@30A0@:0= C:C< !4:4:0;0= =4@68 #4:0=8:$!*%%*!I %01!,!!- 9 030;07 ?4@A0<00= F0=6 <4=F0B0:0= 14A0@=F0:424?0B0= 8>= 38 30;0< A?4:B@>A:>? 4=60= <4=AC1AB8BCA8:0=%01!,!!- 9 :4%01!,!!- 9 <0:0 0:0= 38?4@>;47!*&%!%&%!!&%I&4@70B8:0= :4<10;8!,"!0 ,& <0:0!,&%4=60= 34<8:80= 14A0@=F0 <0AA0 8>= ?0@B8:4; 14@<C0B0= 30?0B38=F0B0:0= 34=60= ?4@A0<00=%,!0B0C%&!I )41C07?0@B8:4;14@<C0B0=14@03030;0<<430=<06=4B8:7><>64= I* 8:0:424?0B0=?0@B8:4;B460:;C@CA<430=<06=4B8:=F030=;8=B0A0=?0@B8:4;14@C?0;8=6:0@0=34=60=90@890@8 2<B4=BC:0=14A0@=F0<><4=BC<?0@B8:4;!5!"8:4B07C8%L I I* 2< <4=60=<4=66C=0:0=%01!,!!- 9 0:0=38?4@>;47!*!*%%4=60=34<8:80=<><4=BC<?0@B8:4;030;07!*%L I I* <L I$A 038<><4=BC<?0@B8:4;B4@A41CB030;07L I$AContoh 5.6Tantanganuntuk AndaSuatu partikel bermuatan 0,04 Cbergerak sejajar dengan kawatberarus listrik 10 A. Jika jarak antarapartikel dan kawat 5 cm, hitunglahberapa gaya yang dialami partikeltersebut?

Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII118)41C07?0@B8:4;14@64@0:38A4:8B0@:0E0B14@0@CA;8AB@8:A4?4@B860<10@14@8:CB*4=BC:0=0@0760F0<06=4B8:F0=6380;0<8?0@B8:4;98:0?0@B8:4;B4@A41CB0?@>B>=14;4:B@>=!5!"@07 <430= <06=4B8: 38 0B0A :0E0B 030;07 :4;C0@1830=6:4@B0AA430=6:0=3810E07:0E0B<0AC:1830=6:4@B0A 038 0@07 60F0 38?4@>;47 30@8 :08307 B0=60=:0=0=0+=BC:?0@B8:4;14@<C0B0=?>A8B85F08BC?@>B>=0@0760F0<4=34:0B8:0E0B1+=BC:?0@B8:4;14@<C0B0==460B85F08BC4;4:B@>=0@0760F0<4=90C78:0E0B3.Gaya Magnetik antara Dua Kawat Sejajar&030 3C0 :0E0B ?4=670=B0@ A49090@ F0=6 B4@?8A07 A490C7380;8@80@CA;8AB@8:30= &030!,"!0 ! A40@07 34=60= 30= ?030!,"!0 " 14@;0E0=0= 0@07 34=60= *4@=F0B0 ?030!,"!0 !:43C0:0E0BA0;8=6<4=34:0B0B0CB0@8:<4=0@8:A430=6:0=?030!,"!0 " :43C0 :0E0B A0;8=6 <4=90C7 0B0C B>;0:<4=>;0: =8<4=C=9C::0= 107E0 0=B0@0 :43C0 :0E0B B8<1C; 60F0 <06=4B8:Gambar 5.20Dua buah penghantar lurussejajar dialiri oleh arus listrik.(a) I1 searah dengan I2.(b) I1 berlawanan arah dengan I2.garis medankarena I1I2garis medankarena I2PQB1B2F1F2agaris medankarena I2garis medankarena I1I1I2B1B2QPF1F2a01I1Contoh 5.74A0@=F060F0B8<10;10;8:0=B0@0:0E0BA0BC30=:0E0BF0=6;08=30?0B38BC@C=:0=A41060814@8:CB&030!,"!0 !0@CA;8AB@8:<4=8<1C;:0=8=3C:A8<06=4B8:38B8B8:<0:014A0@030;07&4=670=B0@14@0@CA0:0=38?4=60@C78>;478=3C:A8<06=4B8:A478=660<4=60;0<860F0<06=4B8:A4AC0834=60=?4@A0<00=A8= A8= )4;0=9CB=F0?4=670=B0@14@0@CA<4=8<1C;:0=8=3C:A8<06=4B8:38B8B8:4A0@=F0BBI

Medan Magnetik119&4=670=B0@0@CA0:0=38?4=60@C78>;478=3C:A8<06=4B8:A478=660<4=60;0<860F0<06=4B8:A4AC0834=60=?4@A0<00=A8= A8= 0@8?4@A0<00=?4@A0<00=B4@A41CB38?4@>;4760F0?4@A0BC0=?0=90=6C=BC::43C0?4=670=B0@030;07A0<0%;47:0@4=08BC30?0B38A8<?C;:0=107E0$ ) $""(& )&)' '& -" & &)' '(& " (&- (&!"& ) &)'"- !! & -" '! '""- (# !"# " (& ) &)' '(&"- & +"" & 038 38A41CB A410608 F08BCI 8:0 %01!,!!- 9 30?0B 38BC;8A <4=9038IC0:0E0BA49090@F0=6A0BCA0<0;08=14@90@0: 2<380;8@80@CA;8AB@8:A0<014A0@ 8:00=B0@0:43C0=F0B8<1C;60F0B8<10;10;8:?4@A0BC0=?0=90=6A414A0@L I $<78BC=6;07:C0B0@CA?030<0A8=6<0A8=6:0E0B!5!"8:4B07C8 2< <L I $<0F0?4@A0BC0=?0=90=6F0=6380;0<8:43C0:0E0B<4<4=C78?4@A0<00= -1< $< < 038:C0B0@CA?030<0A8=6<0A8=6:0E0B030;07 Kata Kunci• gaya magnetik• kaidah tangan kananContoh 5.8Tes Kompetensi Subbab B%0)!*!-+!'$!+!,"3*3+!2('!- )41C07:0E0BF0=6?0=90=6=F0 2<14@030B460:;C@CA3830;0<<430=<06=4B8: 8:0@0?0B5;C:A<06=4B8:=F0 B4A;030=0@CAF0=6<4=60;8@<4;0;C8:0E0B B4=BC:0=60F0<06=4B8:F0=6380;0<8:0E0B)4?>B>=6:0E0B?0=90=6=F0<30=14@<0AA0 6!0E0B 38@4=B0=6:0= 7>@8G>=B0; <4<>B>=6 <430=<06=4B8: *F0=69C607>@8G>=B0;30=<4<14=BC:AC3CB HB4@7030?:0E0B4@0?0:07:C0B0@CAF0=6<4=60;8@ 30;0< :0E0B C=BC: <4=68<10=68 60F06@0D8B0A8 <A )41C07 4;4:B@>= % I L I 14@64@0: 3830;0< AC0BC <430= <06=4B8: A4@10 A0<0 34=60=8=3C:A8 <06=4B8: B4A;0 @07 64@0: 4;4:B@>=<4<14=BC: AC3CB H B4@7030? 0@07 60@8A <430=<06=4B8: 8:0 4;4:B@>= <4=60;0<8 60F0 <06=4B8:A414A0@ L I $ 14@0?0:07 14A0@ :424?0B0==F0 )41C07?@>B>=%I L I 14@64@0:34=60=:424?0B0= L I<A<4;0;C8AC0BC<430=<06=4B8:F0=6A4@10A0<034=60=8=3C:A8<06=4B8: *30;0<0@07AC<1C.?>A8B85 8:0?@>B>=14@64@0:?0301830=6,-30=<4<1C0BAC3CB HB4@7030?AC3CB.?>A8B85B4=BC:0=14A0@30=0@0760F0<06=4B8:F0=614:4@90?030?@>B>=)41C07?@>B>=38B4<10::0=A4?0=90=6AC<1C,?>A8B8534=60= :424?0B0= L <A 4@0: ?@>B>=<4;8=B0A8<430=<06=4B8: **4=BC:0=14A0@0@0760F0F0=614:4@90?030?@>B>=8BC98:060@8A60@8A60F0<06=4B8:14@0@07:40AC<1C,=460B851AC<1C.?>A8B852AC<1C-=460B85

Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII120C. Aplikasi Gaya Magnetik&4=66C=00=60F0<06=4B8:30;0<:4783C?0=A470@870@80=B0@0;08=A41060814@8:CB1.Motor Listrik&4@=07:07=30<4<1>=6:0@38=0<>?030:8?0A0=68=0B0C38=0<>?030 @038>($ 8=0<> F0=6 030 ?030 0;0B B4@A41CB A414=0@=F0 030;07<>B>@ F0=6 3864@0::0= >;47 B4=060 ;8AB@8: #>B>@ ;8AB@8: 030;070;0BF0=6<4=6C107 4=4@68 ;8AB@8: <4=9038 4=4@68 :8=4B8: 64@0: ):4<0 <>B>@;8AB@8: A434@70=0 38BC=9C::0= ?030!,"!0 IIporosarah putaranFBCBDFAkomutatorsikat karbonGambar 5.21Skema motor listrikGambar 5.22Skema galvanometerFaFbIIpivotUS!C<?0@0=38;4B0::0=380=B0@0<430=<06=4B8:)4AC0834=60=:08307B0=60=:0=0=:43C0:0E0B0:0=<4=60;0<860F0<06=4B8:F0=60@07=F0:40B0A30=:0E0B0:0=<4=60;0<860F0<06=4B8:F0=60@07=F0:410E07 038?030A8A8A8A8:C<?0@0=F0=614@;0E0=0=14:4@903C060F0F0=6A0<014A0@14@;0E0=0=0@0730=60@8A:4@90=F014@1430!43C060F0A4?4@B88=838A41CB#$ %;47:0@4=0030=F0:>?4;8=8:C<?0@0=0:0=14@?CB0@A40@07?CB0@0=90@C<90<&030 ?>A8A8 D4@B8:0; H 0@07 60F0 0:0= A460@8A :4@90 A478=660 :>?4;A0<0 34=60= =>; :0= B4B0?8 :C<?0@0= B830: ;0=6AC=6 14@74=B8A4101<0A87 <4<8;8:8 :424?0B0= 0E0; )4;0=9CB=F0 3870A8;:0= ;068 :>?4; A478=660:C<?0@0=30?0BB4@CA14@?CB0@)4B4;07<4=4<?C7A4B4=607?CB0@0= H0@CA;8AB@8:F0=6<4;0;C8:0E0B30=14@C1070@07:810B=F0B8<1C;<><4=:>?4;F0=60@07=F014@;0E0=0=34=60=<><4=:>?4;F0=6?4@B0<0A478=660 :C<?0@0= 0:0= 14@?CB0@ :4<10;8 :4 ?>A8A8 A4<C;060@ :C<?0@0= 14@?CB0@ B4@CA<4=4@CA A4B80? C9C=6 :C<?0@0=387C1C=6:0= 34=60= 28=28= 14;07 0B0C#!)((#& F0=6 B4@1C0B 30@8B4<1060 )4B80? :><CB0B>@ 38B4:0= >;47 A8:0BA8:0B :0@1>= !><CB0B>@8:CB 14@?CB0@ 14@A0<0A0<0 34=60= :C<?0@0= B4B0?8 A8:0BA8:0B:0@1>=B830: 8:CB 14@?CB0@ B4B0? ?030 B4<?0B=F0 0; 8=8 <4=60:810B:0= 0@070@CAF0=6<4;0;C8:0E0B30=14@C1070@07A4B80?A4B4=607?CB0@0=A478=660 :C<?0@0= 30?0B 14@?CB0@ B4@CA<4=4@CA2.Galvanometer0;D0=><4B4@ 030;07 :><?>=4= 30A0@ 30@8 0<?4@4<4B4@ D>;B<4B4@30= >7<<4B4@ ):4<0 60;D0=><4B4@ 38BC=9C::0= ?030!,"!0 0680= F0=6 B4@?4=B8=6 30@8 0;0B C:C@ 8=8 030;07 A41C07 8=B8 14A8;C=0:F0=638;8;8B8:0E0BA478=660<4<14=BC::C<?0@0=F0=638;4B0::0=38 0=B0@0 :CBC1 CB0@0 30= A4;0B0= A41C07 <06=4B!4B8:0 0@CA ;8AB@8: <4=60;8@ <4;0;C8 :C<?0@0= A8A8A8A8 :C<?0@0= F0=614@030 38 34:0B :CBC1 CB0@0 30= :CBC1 A4;0B0= <06=4B 0:0= <4=60;0<860F0F0=614@;0E0=0=0@07A478=660:C<?0@0=0:0=14@?CB0@:0=B4B0?8Tugas Anda 5.2Anda mengenal kipas angin, mesincuci, dan motor penggerak mesinjahit. Alat-alat tersebut dihubungkandengan listrik arus AC. Carilah carakerjanya. Apakah cara kerjanya samadengan motor listrik yang dibahasberdasarkan Gambar 5.21?

Medan Magnetik121?460AA?8@0;0:0=<4=670<10B:C<?0@0=:C<?0@0=B4@A41CBA478=660:C<?0@0=70=F014@?CB0@34=60=AC3CBB4@B4=BCF0=614A0@=F0A410=38=634=60=14A0@0@CA;8AB@8:F0=6<4=60;8@<4;0;C8:C<?0@0=F08BC14A0@AC3CBF0=6B830:?4@=07<4;4E0B810B0A<0:A8<C< H0B0C:C<?0@0=70=F030?0B14@?CB0@<0:A8<C<A4?4@4<?0B?CB0@0=A0<?08:43C3C:0=:C<?0@0=B460:;C@CAB4@7030?<430=<06=4B8:4A0@=F00@CA;8AB@8:F0=6<4=60;8@<4;0;C8:C<?0@0=38BC=9C::0=>;47?4=F8<?0=60=90@C<?4=C=9C:A:0;03.Pengeras Suara (Loudspeaker)0<?8@A4<C0>@0=6<4=64=0;?4=64@0AAC0@0&4=64@0AAC0@014:4@9014@30A0@:0= ?@8=A8? 8=3C:A8 <06=4B8: F0=6 <4<14@8:0= 60F0 <06=4B8:?030 :0E0B 14@0@CA ;8AB@8: 0@CA ;8AB@8: 14@AC<14@ 30@8 64=4@0B>@ 38:8@8<:0= <4;0;C8 ?4A0E0B @038> 0B0C *, F0=6 387C1C=6:0= :4 C9C=6:014; #)'$& !014; ?030 #)'$&387C1C=6:0= ?030 A41C07:C<?0@0= :0E0B F0=6 B4@?0A0=6 ?030 ;>@>=6 #)'$& )4;0?CB #)'$& 180A0=F0 B4@1C0B 30@8 1070= 4;0AB8A F0=6 30?0B 14@64@0: <09C<C=3C@ 34=60= 1410A !4B8:0 0@CA 1>;0:10;8: 30@8 ?4=4@8<0 <4=60;8@<4;0;C8 :C<?0@0= :0E0B :C<?0@0= 30= A4;0?CB #)'$& <4=60;0<860F0F0=638A4101:0=8=3C:A8<06=4B8:>;47<430=<06=4B8:?4@<0=4=#4;0;C8 0@CA 1>;0:10;8: 34=60= 5@4:C4=A8 A8=F0; 0C38> 14@:8A0@ GA4;0?CB #)'$& 14@64@0: <09C <C=3C@ ?030 5@4:C4=A8 F0=6 A0<0&0@B8:4;?0@B8:4; C30@0 F0=6 B4@3>@>=6 :4;C0@ >;47 A4;0?CB #)'$&<4=8<1C;:0= @0?0B0= 30= @460=60= ?030 C30@0 A4:8B0@=F0 A478=660 #)'$& 30?0B <4=6C107 4=4@68 ;8AB@8: <4=9038 4=4@68 1C=F84.Kereta Api Terbang&4@=07:07 =30 <4=34=60@ 8=5>@<0A8 B4@10@C B4=B0=6 :4@4B0 0?88 =460@0 <09C A4?4@B8 4?0=6 B4;07 381C0B :4@4B0 0?8 B4@10=6 4=BC::4@4B0 0?8 B4@10=6 38?4@;870B:0=!,"!0 4=8A:4@4B00?8B4@10=6#06;4D*@08= "( - *((#"<4=66C=0:0= ?@8=A8? 60F0 <06=4B8: 30;0< ?4@64@0:0==F0 !4@4B0 0?8 8=814@64@0: B0=?0 <4=F4=BC7 ;8=B0A0= 30= <4;0F0=6 A4B8=668 1414@0?024=B8<4B4@ 38 0B0A @4;!4<0<?C0= 60F0 <06=4B8: C=BC: <4=F0=660 60F0 14@0B :4@4B0 0?878=66030?0B<4;0F0=6380B0A;8=B0A0=@4;30=14@64@0:34=60=:424?0B0=38 0B0A :<90< 030;07 0:810B 38=38=6 @4; F0=6 B4@?0A0=6 ?030 :43C0A8A8 ;8=B0A0= 38 A4?0=90=6 @4; :4@4B0 0?8 38;4=6:0?8 34=60= :C<?0@0=:C<?0@0= :0E0B 4@30A0@:0= ?@8=A8? 8=3C:A8 4;4:B@><06=4B8::C<?0@0=:C<?0@0=B4@A41CB30?0B<4=9038<06=4B30=:4@4B00?830?0B14@64@0: :0@4=0 030=F0 8=B4@0:A8 0=B0@0 <06=4B<06=4B ?030 38=38=630= <06=4B<06=4B ?030 :4@4B0 )4<0:8= 24?0B ;09C :4@4B0 A4<0:8=14A0@ 8=3C:A8 <06=4B8: F0=6 38?4@>;47=F0 !4B8:0 ?>A8A8 :4@4B0 14@0301414@0?0 24=B8<4B4@ 38 10E07 ?CA0B <06=4B 38=38=6 108: :CBC1 CB0@030= :CBC1 A4;0B0= 38=38=6 :43C0=F0 0:0= <4=3>@>=6 :4@4B0 :4 0B0AF0=6 <4=F4101:0= :4@4B0 <4;0F0=6 1414@0?0 24=B8<4B4@!>=A4?60F0<06=4B8:9C6010=F0:386C=0:0=30;0<14@10608<020<B4:=>;>68 A470@870@8 #8A0;=F0 <>B>@ ;8AB@8: B01C=6 60<10@ B4;4D8A8?4=64@0AAC0@0:0A4B@038>?@8=B4@30=' &*34=60=<4<0=500B:0=<430= <06=4B8: F0=6 38B8<1C;:0= >;47 <06=4B ?4@<0=4= 0@CA ;8AB@8:30= <C0B0= F0=6 14@64@0:Sumber: Science Discovery 1, 2004Gambar 5.23Kereta api terbang mampumelaju dengan kecepatanlebih dari 400 km/jam.

Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII122D. Sifat Magnet Bahan070=<4@C?0:0=:C<?C;0=0B><0B0C<>;4:C;830;0<0B><0B0C<>;4:C; B4@30?0B 4;4:B@>= 14@<C0B0= =460B85 ;4:B@>= <4=64;8;8=68 8=B80B>< A478=660 <4@C?0:0= 0@CA ;8AB@8: F0=6 14@64@0: <4;8=6:0@ ;4:B@>=4;4:B@>= 9C60 <4;0:C:0= 64@0: @>B0A8 F0=6 38=0<0:0= A?8= 4;4:B@>=&030 0B>< A?8= 4;4:B@>= 030 F0=6 14@?0A0=60= 30= 030 9C60 F0=6 B830:14@?0A0=60= &4@70B8:0=!,"!0 !4<06=4B0=1070=38B4=BC:0=>;47A?8=4;4:B@>=30=64@0:4;4:B@>=<4=64;8;8=688=B8)?8=4;4:B@>=B830:14@?0A0=60=14@A850BA410608<06=4B:428;A430=6:0=A?8=4;4:B@>=F0=614@?0A0=60=B830:<4=8<1C;:0=A850B:4<06=4B0=4@30A0@:0= B0=660?0= 1070= B4@7030? AC0BC <06=4B 1070=38:4;><?>::0= <4=9038 B860 94=8A F08BC 1070=&&#!"( 1070=$&!"( 30= 1070=!"(1.Bahan Ferromagnetik070= 8=8 98:0 3834:0B8 <06=4B 0:0= B4@B0@8: 34=60= :C0B 468BC9C60 98:0 14@030 30;0< <430= <06=4B8: 0:0= <4=8<1C;:0= :C0B <430=F0=6 14A0@ 4=60= 34<8:80= 38:0B0:0= 107E0 1070= 54@@><06=4B8:<4<8;8:8')'$( (' $#'(:424=34@C=60= C=BC: <C307 <4=9038<06=4B 30=$&! (' 1070= ;4187 14A0@ 30@8 C30@0B><38 30;0< 1070= 54@@><06=4B8: <4=60=3C=6 10=F0: 4;4:B@>= 34=60='$"( &$'"" A478=660 <C307 C=BC: <4=6C<?C;:0= 60@8A60@8A<430= <06=4B8: A4?4@B8!,"!0 070=54@@><06=4B8:A4@8=6386C=0:0=C=BC:<4<1C0B<06=4BB4B0?A4?4@B8 14A8 =8:4; :>10;B 30= 1090 8:0 AC7C 1070= 38=08::0= 107:0=30?0B A0<?08 H AC7C C@84 A850B 54@@><06=4B8:=F0 0:0= 14@C1070B0C 107:0= 30?0B 78;0=62.Bahan Paramagnetik070= F0=6 A438:8B <4=0@8: 60@8A60@8A <430= <06=4B8: 38=0<0:0=1070= ?0@0<06=4B8: &4@70B8:0=!,"!0 8 30;0< 0B><=F0B4@30?0B'( (&#" 34=60='$" ( &$'"" A478=660 1070= 8=8<4<8;8:8 ACA4?B818;8B0A ?>A8B85 :428; B4B0?8 <4<8;8:8 ?4@<4018;8B0A 38 0B0A?4@<4018;8B0A C30@0 >=B>7 1070= 8=8 030;07 0;C<8=8C<<06=4A8C< E>;5@0< ?;0B8=C< 30= B4<1060 AC;58303.Bahan Diamagnetik070= 380<06=4B8: <4<8;8:8')'$( (' "( ;4:B@>=4;4:B@>=30;0< 0B><=F0 70<?8@'!)"- &$'"" A478=660 <430= <06=4B8:=F0 A0;8=6 <4=8030:0= :810B=F0 1070= 380<06=4B8: AC:0@ <4=0@8:Gambar 5.24(a) Gerak melingkar elektronmengelilingi inti; (b) Spin elektrontidak berpasangan; (c) Spin elektronberpasangan.SSUUUS012Gambar 5.25Bahan ferromagnetik dalamsolenoidaGambar 5.26Bahan paramagnetik dalamsolenoidaGambar 5.27Bahan diamagnetikdalam solenoidaSUSU

Medan Magnetik123belpegas bajainteruptor(pemutararus)sakelarbesi UkumparanGambar 5.28Skema rangkaianrelai magnetikengselrangkaian keduasolenoidasakelararmatur(lempengan)inti besi !"%+ )C7CC@84414@0?0070=4@@><06=4B8:. !'!-3'330(%8 03>;8=8C< $8:4; 4A8 !>10;BGambar 5.29Skema rangkaianbel listrik60@8A60@8A60F0<06=4B8:30@8;C0@A4?4B838BC=9C::0=?030!,"!0 070= 8=8 <4<8;8:8 ?4@<4018;8B0A ;4187 :428; 30@8 ?4@<4018;8B0AC30@0>=B>7=F0 A4=6 ?4@0: 4<0A 18A<CB 30= ?4@0:4.Suhu Curie)850B :4<06=4B0= 1070= 54@@><06=4B8: 30?0B 14@C107 8:0 38?0=0A:0=A850B 54@@><06=4B8: AC0BC 1070= 0:0= 78;0=6 30= 14@C107 <4=9038 1070=?0@0<06=4B8: 98:0 AC7C 1070= 38=08::0= <4;41878 AC0BC =8;08 B4@B4=BC38A41CB AC7C C@84 &030 !"%+ 38A098:0= AC7C C@84 30@8 1414@0?01070= 54@@><06=4B8:5.Penerapan Bahan Ferromagnetika.Relai Magnetik (Penghubung) <06=4B8: 030;07 A41C07 0;0B F0=6 <4=66C=0:0= ?@8=A8?4;4:B@><06=4B8:30;0<A41C07@0=6:080=C=BC:<4=6783C?:0=@0=6:080=F0=6 ;08= ;0B 8=8 B4@38@8 0B0A 8=B8 14A8 ;C=0: F0=6 38;8;8B >;47 A41C07:C<?0@0= A>;4=>830 38 A4:4;8;8=6=F0 )41C07 0@<0BC@ ;4<?4=60=14@14=BC: " B4@1C0B 30@8 ?;0B 1090 F0=6 30?0B 14@64@0: 1410A 30;0<@0=6:080= 38B4<?0B:0= A4?4@B8 B0<?0: ?030!,"!0 !4B8:0 A0:4;0@ B4@7C1C=6 0@CA A464@0 <4=60;8@ 30;0< @0=6:080=?4@B0<0 <4;0;C8 A41C07 :C<?0@0= A>;4=>830 :810B=F0 8=B8 14A8;C=0:<4=9038 14@A850B <06=4B8: F0=6 30?0B <4=0@8: 0@<0BC@ +9C=6 10680=0B0A0@<0BC@B4@0=6:0B30=<4=CBC?A0:4;0@?4=67C1C=6?030@0=6:080=:43C0)4;0=9CB=F00@CA?030@0=6:080=?4@B0<038B4@CA:0=:4@0=6:080=:43C0 (4;08 <06=4B8: 10=F0: 386C=0:0= ?030 7C1C=60= B4;4?>= 30='(&(" !#(#& :4=30@00=b.Bel Listrik070= 54@@><06=4B8: 9C60 180A0 386C=0:0= ?030 14; ;8AB@8: &030@0=6:080= 14; ;8AB@8: 8=B8 14A8 38;8;8B :0E0B 34=60= BC9C0= <4<?4@:C0B<430=<06=4B8:38A4:8B0@=F0(0=6:080=14;;8AB@8:A434@70=038BC=9C:0=A4?4@B8!,"!0 !4B8:0 A0:4;0@ 38B4:0= 0@CA ;8AB@8: <4=60;8@ 30@8 AC<14@ B460=60=<4=C9C ?460A 1090 30= <4=60;8@ :4 :C<?0@0= :0E0B F0=6 <4;8;8B ?030<06=4B+@CA;8AB@8:F0=6<4=60;8@?030:C<?0@0=<4=F4101:0=8=3C:A84;4:B@><06=4B8: ?030 14A8 + A478=660 14@A850B <06=4B 30= <4=0@8: 14A8;C=0:F0=6<4;4:0B?030?460A1090:810B=F0?460A1090<4<C:C;14;A478=66014;14@1C=F8&030A00BF0=6A0<0:4B8:014;14@1C=F87C1C=60=0=B0@0 8=B4@C?B>@ 30= AC<14@ B460=60= B4@?CBCA A478=660 14A8 + B830:14@A850B<06=4B;06830=?460A1090:4<10;8:4:40300=A4<C;0!4<C380=AC<14@B460=60=:4<10;814@7C1C=60=34=60=8=B4@C?B>@30=?@>A4AF0=6A0<0 B4@9038 :4<10;8Sumber: Physics for Scientists andEngineers, 3rd Edition, 2000

Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII124Rangkuman #430=<06=4B8:030;07304@0738A4:8B0@<06=4B38<0=0 <06=4B<06=4B ;08= 0B0C 14=3014=30<06=4B8:F0=638;4B0::0=30;0<304@078=8<0A8738?4=60@C78<06=4BB4@A41CB ;C: <06=4B8: 030;07 10=F0:=F0 60@8A <430=<06=4B8: F0=6 38;8=6:C?8 >;47 AC0BC ;C0A 304@07B4@B4=BC30;0<0@0764@0:;C@CA2>A34=60=030;07AC3CB0=B0@030=60@8A=>@<0;"?0301830=6 0=A7@8AB80=%4@AB43<4=4<C:0=50:B0107E038A4:8B0@:0E0B14@0@CA;8AB@8:B4@30?0B<430=<06=4B8:@07<430=<06=4B8:38A4:8B0@:0E0B14@0@CA30?0B38B4=BC:0=34=60=:08307B0=60=:0=0= C:C< 8>B)0D0@B <4=F0B0:0= 107E0 14A0@=F08=3C:A8<06=4B8:38A4:8B0@:0E0B14@0@CA;8AB@8:014@10=38=6;C@CA34=60=:C0B0@CA;8AB@8:1 14@10=38=6 ;C@CA 34=60= ?0=90=6 4;4<4=?4=670=B0@214@10=38=6B4@10;8:34=60=:C03@0B90@0:0=B0@0:0E0B 14@0@CA 34=60= B8B8: <430= <06=4B8:F0=638C:C@3 14@10=38=6;C@CA34=60=A8=CAAC3CB0?8B0=B0@00@070@CA30=60@8A90@0:30@8:0E0B14@0@CA:4B8B8:<430=<06=4B8:F0=638C:C@)420@0<0B4<0B8A38@C<CA:0=A41060814@8:CBA8= &4A0@=F0 8=3C:A8 <06=4B8: ?030 1414@0?0 14=BC::0E0B030;07A41060814@8:CB0&030A4:8B0@:0E0B;C@CA34=60=90@0:30@8:0E0B14@0@CA:4B8B8:<430=<06=4B8:1&030?CA0B:0E0B<4;8=6:0@ 34=60=9C<;07;8;8B0=:0E0B2&030?CA0BA>;4=>830 34=60=?0=90=6A>;4=>8303 &030AC<1CB>@>8300F0 <06=4B8: 030;07 60F0 F0=6 380;0<8 :0E0B14@0@CA:4B8:014@0303830;0<<430=<06=4B8:@0760F0<06=4B8:30?0B38B4=BC:0=34=60=<4=66C=0:0=:08307B0=60=:0=0=)420@0<0B4<0B8A0@0760F0<06=4B8:30?0B38BC;8AA41060814@8:CBA8= 34=60=AC3CBF0=63814=BC:0=B0@034=60=&030<C0B0=F0=614@64@0:30;0<<430=<06=4B8:14:4@9060F0<06=4B8:30=60F0A4=B@8?4B0;F0=6A0<014A0@)420@0<0B4<0B8A38BC;8AA41060814@8:CB0B0C!*!*% *&&%&030 3C0 :0E0B 14@0@CA F0=6 A49090@ 14:4@90 60F0<06=4B8:0F0B0@8:<4=0@8:B4@903898:00@CA?030:43C0 :0E0B 0@07=F0 A0<0 0F0 B>;0:<4=>;0:B4@9038 98:0 0@CA ?030 :43C0 :0E0B 0@07=F0 14@;0E0=0=)420@0<0B4<0B8A14A0@60F0B4@A41CB030;07?;8:0A860F0<06=4B8:B4@30?0B?030<>B>@;8AB@8:60;D0=><4B4@ ?4=64@0A AC0@0 @4;08 <06=4B8: 14;;8AB@8:30=;08=;08= 4@30A0@:0=B0=660?0=AC0BC1070=B4@7030?AC0BC<06=4B1070=38:4;><?>::0=<4=9038B86094=8AF08BC1070=54@@><06=4B8:1070=?0@0<06=4B8:30=1070=380<06=4B8:IB

Medan Magnetik125Peta KonsepSetelah Anda mempelajari materi bab ini, Anda tentudapat memahami bahwa medan magnetik dihasilkandari magnet permanen dan kawat berarus. Anda tentumemahami juga pengaruh medan magnetik pada kawatberarus serta pemanfaatan fenomena tersebut dalamRefleksiteknologi. Dari materi yang ada pada bab ini, bagianmanakah yang menurut Anda sulit dipahami? Coba Andadiskusikan dengan teman atau guru Fisika Anda. Selainitu, coba Anda cari manfaat dan aplikasi lain dari materi-materi bab ini.%$!-!&-%2(*0F0#06=4B8:0?;8:0A8=F0 ?030!0E0B4@0@CA"8AB@8:#06;4D&4=64@0A)C0@00;D0=><4B4@#>B>@"8AB@8:)?4:B@><4B4@#0AA0?030#06=4B&4@<0=4=;4:B@><06=4B8:#06=4B0B0=6#06=4B+!0E0B*>@>830!0E0B)>;4=>830!0E0B#4;8=6:0@!0E0B"C@CAC:C<8>B)0D0@B?030?030?030?030<4<1070A 8=3C:A84;4:B@><06=4B8:14@30A0@:0=B4@38@8 0B0A?030<4=8<1C;:0=

Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII126Tes Kompetensi Bab 5 (+('+!'1!+!'1!23)!5!"!-7!-&/!+(-&2%/!2$!-*%0)!*!-+!'/!$!"3*3+!2('!- !0E0B14@0@CA;8AB8:<4<0=90=630@810@0B:4B8<C@ 8:00@070@CA;8AB@8:?030:0E0BB4@A41CB30@810@0B0@07<430=<06=4B8:?030B8B8:B8B8:F0=614@030380B0A:0E0B0:0=<4=C9C:400B0A3 A4;0B0=110E07410@0B2CB0@0@CA;8AB@8:<4=60;8@A4?0=90=6:0E0B;8AB@8:B460=60=B8=66830@8A4;0B0=:4CB0@0@07<430=<06=4B8:F0=6380:810B:0=0@CA;8AB@8:380B0A:0E0BB4@A41CB030;070A4;0B0=3 10@0B1CB0@04B4=660@02B8<C@ )41C07?4=670=B0@F0=6380;8@80@CA;8AB@8:<4=8<1C;:0=8=3C:A8<06=4B8:38AC0BCB8B8:F0=614@90@0:30@8?4=670=B0@A4?4@B8B0<?0:?03060<10@14@8:CB 8:0:C0B0@CA=F038?4@14A0@<4=903830=90@0:30@8 ?4=670=B0@ <4=9038 8=3C:A8 <06=4B8:=F0<4=903803 142 C0:0E0BA49090@:0E0B?4@B0<0380;8@80@CA:40B0AA4?4@B8?03060<10@60@8=3C:A8<06=4B8:38B8B8:&A0<034=60==>;0@CAF0=6<4=60;8@?030:0E0B:43C0030;070:40B0A1:410E072:40B0A3:410E074:40B0AC0:0E0BF0=6;C@CA30=?0=90=6B4@?8A07?03090@0:!43C0:0E0B380;8@80@CAF0=6A0<014A0@34=60=0@0714@;0E0=0==3C:A8<06=4B8:38B4=607B4=6070=B0@0 :43C0 :0E0B 030;07 =3C:A8 <06=4B8: 38B8B8:F0=614@90@0:30@8:0E0B?4@B0<030=14@90@0:30@8:0E0B:43C0030;0703 142)468B860A0<0:0:830=A8:CA8:C38B8B8:@CA;8AB@8:<4=60;8@?030B8B8:30=A420@0B460:;C@CA?0301830=660<10@A4AC0834=60=B0=3030=34=60=4A0@8=3C:A8<06=4B8:38B8B8:98:02<30= L I-1<030;070L I*1L I*2I *3 L I*4L I*)41C07:0E0BF0=614@14=BC:;8=6:0@0=B4@38@80B0A ;8;8B0= 0@890@8;8=6:0@0= 2<60@8=3C:A8<06=4B8:38?CA0B;8=6:0@0=A0<034=60= L I *14A0@0@CA;8AB@8:F0=670@CA3814@8:0=030;070 3 14 2 4A0@=F0 8=3C:A8 <06=4B8: 38 & :0@4=0 ?4=60@C7:0E0B14@C?0;8=6:0@0=34=60= ,2<30=2<030;070 L I-1<1 L I-1<2 L I-1<3 L I-1<4 L I-1<I1aBPI1I24d34dCABIA = 5AIB = 5AaixPr

Medan Magnetik127 C01C07:0E0BF0=6A0BC<4;8=6:0@30=F0=6;08=;C@CA!43C0:0E0B70<?8@14@8<?8B38B8B8:&!0E0B<4;8=6:0@14@0@CA;8AB@8:30=14@90@890@82<A430=6:0=:0E0B;C@CA14@0@CA;8AB@8:34=60=0@07A4?4@B8?03060<10@4A0@8=3C:A8<06=4B8:38?CA0B;8=6:0@0=%0:810B3C00@CAB4@A41CB030;070L I*3 L I*1 L I*4L I*2L I* !0E0B 14@C?0 A4B4=607 ;8=6:0@0= A4?4@B8 60<10@14@8:CB<4<8;8:890@890@8=3C:A8<06=4B8:38B8B8:&<4<4=C78?4@A0<00=01234 @CA;8AB@8:?030:0E0BB830:14@70<10B0=A4?4@B8?03060<10@14@8:CB 8:090@890@8;8=6:0@0=030;0714A0@8=3C:A8<06=4B8:38B8B8:?CA0B;8=6:0@0=0=>;3142 @CA ;8AB@8: A414A0@ <4=60;8@ 30;0< ?4=670=B0@14@14=BC:;8=6:0@0=14@90@890@8 2<30=B4@;4B0:?0301830=67>@8G>=B0;*8B8:&B4@;4B0:?030AC<1C;8=6:0@0=?03090@0: 2<30@8?CA0B=F0 8:038;870B30@8&0@070@CA8BCA4AC0834=60=0@07?CB0@0=90@C<90<14A0@30=0@078=3C:A8<06=4B8:38B8B8:&030;070 L I*:40B0A1 L I*:410E072 L I*:410E073 L I*:40B0A4L I*:410E07 )C0BCA>;4=>830F0=6?0=90=6=F0<B4@38@80B0A ;8;8B0=30=90@890@82<380;8@80@CA;8AB@8:A414A0@ 4A0@8=3C:A8<06=4B8:38C9C=6A>;4=>830030;070L I*1L I*2L I*3 L I*4L I * )41C07A>;4=>830<4<8;8:8?0=90=6 2<30=B4@38@80B0A ;8;8B0= 8:08=3C:A8<06=4B8:38B4=607B4=607A>;4=>830 L I * 0@CA F0=6 <4=60;8@ ?030A>;4=>830030;070L I1 L I23 4 0;0<A>;4=>830?0=90=6<4=60;8@0@CAF0=6B4B0?4A0@8=3C:A8<06=4B8:38B8B8:?CA0B=F0030;07 8:0A>;4=>830 38@4=660=6:0= A478=660 3C0 :0;8 A4<C;08=3C:A8<06=4B8:38B8B8:?CA0B=F0<4=903803142 @CA;8AB@8: <4=60;8@30;0<AC0BC:C<?0@0=:0E0B<4;8=6:0@F0=6<4<8;8:8 ;8;8B0=30=90@890@8 2<=3C:A8<06=4B8:38?CA0B:C<?0@0=B4@A41CB030;070 L I *1 L I *2 L I *3 L I *4L I * *>@>83034=60=90@890@82<B4@38@80B0A ;8;8B0=@CA;8AB@8:F0=6<4=60;8@?030B>@>830060@8=3C:A8<06=4B8:F0=6B4@90383830;0<B>@>830 L I *030;070 3 1 42 III2I1POPaI

Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII128 )41C07A>;4=>830?0=90=6<4<8;8:8;8;8B0=?4@2<?0=90=6 !4B8:0 <4=60;8@ <4;0;C8 A>;4=>830B4@A41CB 8=3C:A8 <06=4B8: ?030 A41C07 B8B8: F0=6B4@;4B0:?030AC<1CA>;4=>83098:0B8B8:B4@A41CB14@03038B4=607B4=607A>;4=>830030;070 L I -1<1 L I-1<2L I -1<3 L I -1<4L I -1< )4?>B>=6;>60<?4=670=B0@F0=6?0=90=6=F0 <30=<0AA0=F0 :6 3860=BC=6:0= ?030 0B0? @C0=60=<4;0;C8 3C0 CB0A B0;8 B0=?0 1>1>B A478=660 ;>60<?4=670=B0@B4@60=BC=67>@8G>=B0;A4?4@B8B0<?0:?03060<10@14@8:CB830;0<@C0=60=B4@30?0B<430=<06=4B8:30@80B0?:4;0=B0834=60=8=3C:A8<06=4B8:<* 8:0 :C0B 0@CA F0=6 <4=60;8@ ;>60<?4=670=B0@0:0=<4=F8<?0=6A478=660<4<14=BC:AC3CBB4@7030?D4@B8:0;*4=BC:0=;0714A0@AC3CB030;070 H3 H1 H4 H2 H &0303C01C07:0E0BA49090@F0=6<0A8=6<0A8=6380;8@80@CA;8AB@8:F0=6A0<014A0@B8<1C;60F0F0=614A0@=F0L I$ 0@0:0=B0@0:43C0:0E0B8BC <4A0@0@CAF0=6<4=60;8@30;0<A4B80?:0E0B030;070183 1144212 )C0BC:0E0B7>@8G>=B0;F0=6?0=90=6B4@;4B0:380B0A<490!0E0BA4?0=90=6 2<B4@;4B0:D4@B8:0;38 0B0A :0E0B 34=60= C9C=6 30= 1410A14@64@0:A4?4@B8B0<?0:?03060<10@@CA;8AB@8:F0=6<4=60;8@<4;0;C8A8AB4<:0E0B030;07 34=60=0@07F0=6A4AC0834=60==>B0A8?03060<10@ 8:0 :0E0B <4<8;8:8 <0AA0 ?4@ A0BC0=?0=90=6L I :6<30=:0E0B30;0<:40300=A48<10=6:4B8=6680=030;070 2<3 2<1 2<42<22< 4A0@:C0B<430=<06=4B8:38AC0BCB8B8:F0=6;4B0:=F0A490C7&30@8AC0BC?4=60=B0@;C@CAF0=6380;8@80@CA030;07A410=38=634=60=03&1& 4& 2& &03060<10@B0<?0:107E0:0E0B;C@CA&'A0=60B?0=90=630=38;0;C80@CA;8AB@8: 30=:0E0B?4@A468?0=90=6012338;0;C80@CA(4AC;B0=60F0F0=6380;0<8:0E0B?4@A468?0=90=6012330;0<030;0703 1 42 &0@B8:4; 14@<C0B0=% 14@64@0: 34=60= ;09C B4B0?<4<0AC:8<430=<06=4B8:30=<430=;8AB@8:A420@0B460:;C@CA<430=;8AB@8:B460:;C@CA<430=<06=4B8:?018;014A0@8=3C:A8<06=4B8: *30=:C0B<430=;8AB@8:L ,<;09C64@0:?0@B8:4;030;070L <A1 L <A2 L <A3 L <A4 L <A )41C074;4:B@>=!L I :630=% L I 30@8:40300=380<38?4@24?0B>;471430?>B4=A80;:,;4:B@>=:4<C380=<0AC:30;0<<06=4B7><>64= L I *A420@0B460:;C@CA 0@890@8;8=B0A0=4;4:B@>=30;0<<430=<06=4B8:B4@A41CB0 2<1 2<2 2<3 2<4 2<SBUI10 cm1 cmQI1I2abdc20 cmPhDCAIBI

Medan Magnetik129 C0 1C07 ?0@B8:4; <0AA0=F0!! 30=<C0B0==F0%% !43C0 ?0@B8:4; B4@A41CB14@64@0: <4;8=6:0@ 30;0< 1830=6 F0=6 B460: ;C@CA<430= <06=4B8: 7><>64= 8:0 14A0@ <><4=BC<:43C0?0@B8:4;8BCA0<0?4@10=38=60=90@890@8>@18B?0@B8:4;?0@B8:4;8BC&&030;070 3 1 4 2 )41C07 ?0@8:4; 14@<C0B0= ;8AB@8: 14@64@0: <0AC: :430;0< <430= <06=4B8: A434<8:80= @C?0 A478=660;8=B0A0==F014@C?0;8=6:0@0=34=60=90@890@8 2< 8:0?0@B8:4; ;08= 14@64@0: 34=60= ;09C :0;8 ?0@B8:4;?4@B0<090@890@8;8=6:0@0==F0 2<=814@0@B8107E0?4@10=38=60=0=B0@0<0AA0?4@<C0B0=?0@B8:4;?4@B0<030=?0@B8:4;:43C0030;070 3 1 4 2 )41C074;4:B@>=34=60=:424?0B0=*3830;0<<430=<06=4B8:F0=68=3C:A8<06=4B8:=F0 8:0*03030;0<1830=6,-<4<14=BC:AC3CB H34=60=AC<1C,30= A49090@ 34=60= AC<1C- ;8=B0A0= 4;4:B@>=14@14=BC:060@8A;C@CAA49090@AC<1C-160@8A;C@CAA49090@AC<1C,2;8=6:0@0=A49090@AC<1C-3 ;8=6:0@0=A49090@AC<1C,4A?8@0;34=60=AC<1C=F0A49090@AC<1C- )41C07?0@B8:4;14@<C0B0=;8AB@8:14@64@0:<4<0AC:8@C0=6 F0=6 <4=60=3C=6 <430= ;8AB@8: 30= <430=<06=4B8:A0;8=6B460:;C@CA30=9C60B460:;C@CA?030:424?0B0=?0@B8:4; 8:014A0@8=3C:A8<06=4B8: *30=:C0B<430=;8AB@8:L ,<30=?0@B8:4;14@64@0:;C@CA:424?0B0=?0@B8:4;B4@A41CB030;070 L <A1L <A2L <A3 L <A4L <A )41C07 <430= <06=4B8: * B4@=F0B0 30?0B<4<14;>::0=64@0:<C0B0=;8AB@8:14@:424?0B0= L <A A478=660 <4<8;8:8 ;8=B0A0= 14@14=BC:;8=6:0@0=34=60=90@890@82<#0AA08>=B4@A41CB030;070 L I:63 L I :61 L I :64 L I :62 L I:6 !5!"+!'/%02!-7!!-"%0(*32(-($%-&!-2%/!2 *4=BC:0=0@078=3C:A8<06=4B8:38B8B8:&'30=(30@860<10@60<10@14@8:CB012)4?>B>=6:0E0BF0=6;C@CA?0=90=614@0@CA;8AB@8: 8<0=0B8B8:F0=6<4<8;8:88=3C:A8<06=4B8:=F0LI-1< C01C07:0E0B030=1;C@CA?0=90=6B4@;4B0:A49090@!0E0B B4@A41CB 380;8@8 ;8AB@8: F0=6 14@;0E0=0= 0@07<0A8=6<0A8=6 30=&4@70B8:0=60<10@8BC=68=3C:A8<06=4B8:38B8B8:&F0=614@90@0: 2<30@8:0E0B030=2<30@8:0E0B1IPIQRI *860 1C07 :0E0B &'( ;C@CA ?0=90=6 14@0@CA ;8AB@8:30=60=0@07A0<030= &''(90@0:&''( 2<A4?4@B8B0<?0:?03060<10@8BC=6;078=3C:A8<06=4B8:38B8B8:%C0:0E0B30=;C@CA?0=90=614@90@0: 2<A0BCA0<0;08==F014@0@CA;8AB@8:A4?4@B8B0<?0:?03060<10@08B8B8:<0=0:07<430=<06=4B8:<4<8;8:870@60=>;1*4=BC:0=90@0:B8B8:8BCB4@7030?:0E0BPbaIa = 10 AIb = 5 A10 cmQPR4 cm4 cmOPRABI1 = 5 AI2 = 5 A8 cmb10 cma

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