Fisika · d_Bab 4 Medan Listrik

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24/08/2021 16:12:45

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a_Bab 1 Gejala Gelombang b_Bab 2 Gelombang Cahaya c_Bab 3 Gelombang Bunyi d_Bab 4 Medan Listrik e_Bab 5 Medan Magnetik f_Bab 6 Elektromagnetik g_bab 7 Radiasi Benda Hitam h_Bab 8 Fisika Atom i_Bab 9 Teori Relativitas Khusus j_Bab 10 Fisika Inti dan Radiaktivitas

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Medan Listrik, Potensial Listrik, dan Kapasitor75Medan Listrik, PotensialListrik, dan KapasitorA. Muatan ListrikB. Medan ListrikC. Energi PotensialListrik danPotensial ListrikD. Kapasitor:-(+?52D6?DED6=29>6>A6=2;2B:>6?86?2:=:CDB:< ':CDB:<CE529252C6;2<;282DB2I2:?:=29:B '652<2?A6D:B>6BEA2<2?4@?D@9<636B2522?=:CDB:<<2B6?2A6D:B252=2992C:=A6=6A2C2?>E2D2?=:CDB:<5:2G2? 2?I2<C6<2=:2A=:<2C:=:CDB:<52=2><69:5EA2?C692B: 92B: .6=6F:C:B25:@<@>AED6B52?2=2D 2=2D6=6<DB@?:<=2:?>6?88E?2<2?=:CDB:<C63282:CE>36B6?6B8:?I2 -6D6=295:D6>E<2??I2=:CDB:<32?I2<5:D6>E<2?D6<?@=@8: D6<?@=@8:32BE -63282:4@?D@9=:92D=29328:2?52=2>C63E29B25:@ :52=2>?I2?5252A2D>6=:92D36B>242> >242><@>A@?6?=:CDB:< 2A2D<29?52>6?I63ED<2??2>2 ?2>2<@>A@?6?=:CDB:<I2?8D6B52A2D5:52=2>B25:@:2?D2B2C6<:2?32?I2<<@>A@?6?I2?8D6B52A2D5:52=2>B25:@?52A2CD:>6?6>E<2?<2A2C:D@B A2<29<2A2C:D@B:DEA2<68E?22?<2A2C:D@B282:>2?242B2<6B;2C63E29<2A2C:D@B?52A2CD::?8:?>6?86D29E:;2G232?52B:A6BD2?I22? A6BD2?I22?D6BC63ED /?DE<:DED6>E<2?;2G232??I256?82?>6>A6=2;2B:323:?: memformulasikan gaya listrik, kuat medan listrik, fluks, potensial listrik, energipotensial listrik, serta penerapannya pada keping sejajar.Setelah mempelajari bab ini, Anda harus mampu:menerapkan konsep kelistrikan dan kemagnetan dalam berbagai penyelesaianmasalah dan produk teknologi.Hasil yang harus Anda capai:75Berbagai jenis kapasitor yang berfungsi untuk menyimpan muatan listrik.Bab4Sumber: Physics for Scientists & Engineers with Modern Physics,2000

Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII76A. Muatan Listrik+B@C6C5EA=:<2C:?2C<29@=69>6C:?7@D@<@A:>6BEA2<2?C2=29C2DE4@?D@92A=:<2C:<@?C6A=:CDB:<CD2D:C52=2><69:5EA2?C692B: 92B: +6>36?DE<2?C2=:?2?92C:=7@D@<@A:<2B6?2A6?6>A6=2?C6B3E<2D2ED@?6BI2?836B>E2D2??682D:7A252A6B>E<22?<6BD2C @?D@9=2:?86;2=2=:CDB:<CD2D:CI2?8=63:9C656B92?2252=29>6?6>A6=?I2B2>3ED2D2EA@D@?82?<6BD2CA252A6?882B:CA=2CD:<I2?8D6=295:8@C@<<2:?G@= &65E286;2=2!:C:<2D6BC63ED>6?E?;E<<2?329G25E23E2936?5252A2DC2=:?8>6?2B:< 282:>2?2A2B229=:7:C:<2>6?;6=2C<2?86;2=2D6BC63ED+6B92D:<2?<65E2A6B:CD:G2A252&2'&6 52?&2'&6 &6D:<2C63E2932D2?8<2B6D5:8@C@<56?82?<2:?G@=<6>E5:2?5:56<2D<2?A25232D2?8<242I2?85:8@C@<<2:?CEDB2D6B?I2D2<65E232D2?8D6BC63EDD2B:< >6?2B:< -632=:<?I2C63E2932D2?8<2B6DI2?85:8@C@<56?82?<2:?G@=52?5:56<2D<2?56?82?32D2?8<2B6DI2?8=2:?D6B?I2D2<65E232D2?8<2B6DD@=2< >6?@=2< /?DE<>6?;6=2C<2?86;2=2D6BC63ED52A2D5:2?882A329G2A6?88@C@<2?<2:?G@=52?<2:?CEDB2A25232D2?8>6>36B:<2?>E2D2?=:CDB:<A25232D2?8D6BC63ED 6B52C2B<2?86;2=27:C:<2D6C63ED;6=2C329G2>E2D2?A252<24252?>E2D2?A25232D2?8<2B6D36B3652;6?:C?I2 *3/&2.36&301.3 O >6?I63ED<2?329G2>E2D2?=:CDB:<A25232D2?8<242C63282:>E2D2?A@C:D:7 52AE?>E2D2?A25232D2?8<2B6D5:C63ED>E2D2??682D:7 6?52D6BCECE?2D2CB:3E2?329<2?;ED22?2D@> D@>D6BCECE?2D2CAB@D@??6EDB@?52?6=6<DB@? +B@D@?52??6EDB@?D6B52A2D5:52=2>:?D:2D@>C652?8<2?6=6<DB@?D6B52A2D5:<E=:D2D@> %E>=29AB@D@?52?6=6<DB@?52=2>C63E292D@>252=29C2>2 $DE=29C6323?I22D@>36BC:72D?6DB2= -63282:4@?D@92D@>9:5B@86?>6?82?5E?8C2DEAB@D@?52?C2DE6=6<DB@? D@>36B>E2D2?A@C:D:7252=292D@>I2?8>6>:=:<:;E>=29AB@D@?=63:932?I2<52B:;E>=296=6<DB@?C652?8<2?2D@>36B>E2D2??682D:7252=292D@>I2?8>6>:=:<:;E>=29AB@D@?=63:9C65:<:D52B:A252;E>=296=6<DB@? 6?5236B>E2D2??6DB2=D6BCECE?2D2C2D@> 2D@>I2?8D:52<36B >E2D2??6DB2= D@>?6DB2=252=292D@>I2?8>6>:=:<:;E>=29AB@D@?C2>256?82?;E>=296=6<DB@?>:C2=?I22D@>9:5B@86?C6A6BD:D6B=:92DA252&2'&6 1.Interaksi Elektrostatis antara Dua Muatan Listrik%6?:C:?D6B2<C:6=6<DB@CD2D:C252>242>I2:DE2 D2B:< >6?2B:<2?D2B2>E2D2? >E2D2?D:52<C6;6?:C3 D@=2< >6?@=2<2?D2B2>E2D2? >E2D2?C6;6?:C -&61*79,978.349142' O >6?8E<EB36C2B?I2D2B:< 2?52?D@=2<2?=:CDB:<C642B2<E2?D:D2D:7 $2;E82>6?I:>AE=<2?9E<E>I2?8>6?82DEBD2B:<2?52?D@=2<2?=:CDB:<D6BC63ED #E<E>D6BC63ED5:<6?2=56?82?1'1)+1(+)#E<E>@E=@>3>6?I2D2<2?329G2Gambar 4.1Mesin fotokopiGambar 4.2Setelah batang karet digosok kainwol dan batang kaca digosok kainsutra kedua batang tersebut tarik-menarik.batang karetbatang karetSumber: Conceptual Physics, 1998"*'*1922*25*1&/&6.0437*5*)&3.786.0!48*37.&1.786.0)&3&5&7.8460*6/&0&31&-74&174&1'*6.098)&1&2'9091&8.-&3Tes Kompetensi Awal A2<29C6D:2A36?52>6>:=:<:>E2D2?=:CDB:< A2C2;2<29A6?IECE?52B:C63E292D@>%6=2C<2?A6?IECE? A6?IECE??I2D6BC63ED A2I2?8?52<6D29E:D6?D2?8<2A2C:D@BA2C2;2<297E?8C:?I2282:>2?2AB:?C:A52C2B<6B;2?I2 A2I2?85:>2<CE556?82?>652?=:CDB:<batang karetbatang kacaGambar 4.3Setelah kedua batang karet digosokkain wol dan didekatkan, keduabatang karet tolak-menolak.Gambar 4.4Pada atom hidrogen terdapatsatu proton dan satu elektron.

Medan Listrik, Potensial Listrik, dan Kapasitor7750.%')!*.%'010+(')!*+('*0. 11$)10*(%/0.%'!/.*5!.* %*#(1.1/ !*#*$/%('(%!/.'! 1)10*0!./!10 *!.* %*#0!.(%' !*#*'1 .0&.'*0.'! 1)10*0!./!10 +6B92D:<2?&2'&6 52?&2'&6 -642B2>2D6>2D:C82I2D2B:< >6?2B:<2D2ED@=2< >6?@=2<82I2@E=@>352=2>F2<E>52A2D5:DE=:CC63282:36B:<ED ,- -2D2E F2<E>--'.O "2I2@E=@>3I2?8D6B;25:52=2>CE2DE>65:E>2D2E3292?>6>:=:<:A6BC2>22?82I2@E=@>3C63282:36B:<ED 3292?--.O%:<2+6BC2>22?O 252?+6BC2>22?O 35:823E?8<2?5:52A2DF2<E>3292?.O2-69:?8825:52A2D9E3E?82?82I2@E=@>3A2523292?52?82I2@E=@>3A252F2<E>C63282:36B:<ED 3292?F2<E>.O3&6D6B2?82? 82I2@E=@>3)- >E2D2?=:CDB:<'<@?CD2?D25:6=6<DB:<'P )> A6B>:D:F:D2CBE2?892>A2P O )>r A6B>:D:F:D2CB6=2D:73292?. ;2B2<2?D2B>E2D2?>E2<6A:?8=@82>I2?8D6B3E2D52B:3292?C2>25:36B:>E2D2?C2>236C2B 2 6B2A2<29>E2D2?5:C6D:2A<6A:?8;:<25:<6D29E:82I2@E=@>3C636C2B)52?;2B2<2?D2B<6A:?8=@82> >3 %:<2<65E2<6A:?836B2525:52=2>3292?>65:E>56?82?.36B2A2<2936C2B82I2@E=@>3?I2&:&':<6D29E:). >2 ' --.56?82?----..-''-.') > )>P OGambar 4.5Interaksi muatan listrik berlainanjenis akan tarik-menarikGambar 4.6Interaksi muatan listrik sejenisakan tolak-menolakContoh 4.1FFq2q1rFFq2q1rFFq2q1Tugas Anda 4.1Anda masih ingat alat yangdinamakan dengan elektroskop?Apakah fungsi alat tersebut?Bagaimanakah cara kerjanya? CobaAnda cari informasi dari internetatau buku-buku referensi.

Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII782.Resultan Gaya Coulomb+6B92D:<2?&2'&6 "2>32BD6BC63ED52A2D5:56C<B:AC:<2?C63282:36B:<ED 252=2982I2@E=@>3I2?85:2=2>:>E2D2?-2<:32DA6?82BE9>E2D2?- 252=2982I2@E=@>3I2?85:2=2>:>E2D2?-2<:32DA6?82BE9>E2D2?- 252=2982I2@E=@>3I2?85:2=2>:>E2D2?-2<:32DA6?82BE9>E2D2?- 252=2982I2@E=@>3I2?85:2=2>:>E2D2?-2<:32DA6?82BE9>E2D2?-,6CE=D2?82I2@E=@>35:CE2DED:D:<5:BE>EC<2?C63282:36B:<ED *O6B2BD:B6CE=D2?82I2@E=@>3I2?85:2=2>:>E2D2?-A252&2'&6 252=29- 2=2>92=:?: 52?----''..Gambar 4.7Resultan gaya Coulomb.:823E29A2BD:<6=36B252A252C2DE82B:C=EBECC6D:2AA2BD:<6=36B>E2D2?52? ?D2BA2BD:<6=36B;2B2<C2>2I2:DE 4> 2 .6?DE<2?36C2B2B2982I2A252A2BD:<6=36B>E2D2?3 :>2?2A2BD:<6=5:=6D2<<2?282B82I2@E=@>3A252A2BD:<6=D6BC63ED?@=&:&':<6D29E:---2 '6D2<>E2D2?--52?-C6A6BD:82>32B36B:<ED %2B2<2?D2B2<65E2A2BD:<6=C2>236C2BI2:DE. . 4> 52AE? >6BEA2<2?82I2@E=@>392C:=:?D6B2<C:D2B:< >6?2B:<-52?-C652?8<2?>6BEA2<2?82I2@E=@>392C:=:?D6B2<C:D2B:<>6?2B:<-52?- 6?82?>6>AB65:<C:<2? >2<2B6CE=D2?82I2@E=@>3?I2>6>6?E9:A6BC2>22?36B:<ED Contoh 4.2r12 = 10 cmq1F12q2F23q3r23 = 10 cm O -- --''.. '---. )> ) >F12q2q1F23F21F32q3r1r2To k o hCharles Coulomb(1736– 1806)Coulomb adalah ahli Fisikakelahiran Angouleme, Prancis. Diamerupakan orang pertama yangmenunjukkan perilaku bahwamuatan listrik saling tolak satu samalain. Namanya kemudian digunakansebagai satuan muatan listrik.Sumber: Jendela IPTEK, 1995---%25:36C2B>E2D2?=:CDB:<5:C6D:2A<6A:?8252=293 3292?F2<E>B) )%25:36C2B82I2@E=@>3?I2252=29)

Medan Listrik, Potensial Listrik, dan Kapasitor79E23E29A2BD:<6=>2C:?8 >2C:?836B>E2D2?5:82?DE?8A252D2=:C6A6BD:A25282>32B %:<2D2=:5:2?882AD:52<36B>2CC2D6?DE<2?36C2B?I22 D682?82?D2=:3 >2CC2C6D:2AA2BD:<6=;:<2# >C&:&':<6D29E:---P O# >C'P )>?5252A2D>6?6?DE<2?36C2BD682?82?D2=:52?>2CC2)92?I256?82?>6?:?;2EC6D6?829328:2?52B:C:CD6> 2 -:CD6>5:<2D2<2?52=2><62522?C6D:>32?8;:<24 2D2EC:? L2B:!*67&2&&3 < 5:<6D29E:329G2'-.>2<22<2?5:A6B@=69C:? L'-. Nm/CCm22O )3 5 52?4@C L)#)) >C) <8%25:>2CC2C6D:2AA2BD:<6=252=29 <8 3 82B?:=2:B6CE=D2?82I2@E=@>35:-C2>256?82??@=>2<236C2B 92BECC2>256?82?C69:?882A6BC2>22??I2>6?;25: '- - '- -. --... ....(:C2=<2?>E2D2?-5:=6D2<<2?4>52B:>E2D2?->2<2. 4> 52?. O4>. . O4 44 >%25:282B82I2@=@E>3A252-C2>256?82??@=>E2D2?-5:=6D2<<2? >52B:>E2D2?-Contoh 4.3T30°T sin 30°T cos 30°FwKata Kunci• proton• elektron• neutron• atom netral• gaya CoulombT60°30 cmqqT%:<282I2 82I2I2?836<6B;2A252A2BD:<6= A2BD:<6=D6BC63ED5:82>32B<2?2<2?D6B=:92DC6A6BD:82>32B36B:<ED Perhatikan gambar berikut.Hitunglah resultan gaya F yangbekerja pada muatan q.qrr–q+qTantanganuntuk Anda

Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII80B. Medan Listrik?52>E?8<:?A6B?29>6?56?82B329G2C6D:2A>E2D2?I2?85:=6D2<<2?5:CE2DE526B292<2?>6>:=:<:>652?=:CDB:<5:C6<:D2B?I2 %:<2C63E29>E2D2?E;:-5:=6D2<<2?A252526B29D6BC63ED>E2D2?D6BC63ED2<2?>6?82=2>:82I2@E=@>3 &E2D>652?=:CDB:<5:CE2DED:D:<5:567:?:C:<2?C63282:82I2@E=@>3A6BC2DE2?>E2D2?I2?85:2=2>:@=69C63E29>E2D2?5:D:D:<D6BC63ED -642B2>2D6>2D:C5:DE=:C<2?C63282:36B:<ED -O56?82?'--.>2<22D2E--'..O90 cm+q+q74°TTqq'15 cmTes Kompetensi Subbab A*6/&0&31&-)&1&2'9091&8.-&3 6B2A2<2936C2B82I2D2B:< >6?2B:<2?D2B2AB@D@?52?6=6<DB@?52=2>C63E292D@>9:5B@86?I2?836B;2B: ;2B:2D@> K P O > +6B92D:<2?82>32B36B:<ED %:<25:<6D29E:---O52? >D6?DE<2?B6CE=D2?82I2@E=@>3A252- .:823E29A2BD:<6=36B25252=2>C2DE82B:C=EBEC>2C:?8 >2C:?836B>E2D2?O 52?O?D2BA2BD:<6=>6>:=:<:;2B2<I2?8C2>2 > 2 .6?DE<2?36C2B52?2B2982I2A252A2BD:<6=36B>E2D2?3 :>2?2A2BD:<6=I2?836B>E2D2?5:=6D2<<2?282B82I2@E=@>3A252A2BD:<6=D6BC63ED36B?:=2:?@= E23E29A2BD:<6=>2C:?8 >2C:?836B>E2D2? 5:82?DE?8A252D2=::C@=2D@BC6A6BD:82>32B36B:<ED q1q2q3aa.2=:5:2?882AD:52<36B>2CC2 .6?DE<2?36C2B?I22 D682?82?D2=:3 >2CC2C6D:2AA2BD:<6=;:<2# >C 282:>2?2<29;2B2<2?D2B25E2A2BD:<6=36B>E2D2?92BEC5:E329282B82I2D@=2<<65E2?I2>6?;25:2 <2=:C6>E=23 <2=:C6>E=2 (E2D2?I2?836C2B?I25:=6D2<<2?A25282B:C9E3E?82?D2B2>E2D2?I2?836C2B?I2O52?>E2D2?I2?836C2B?I2 (E2D2?D6B=6D2<4>52B:52?4>52B: %:<2;2B2<4>D6?DE<2?36C2B?I2B6CE=D2?82I2I2?836<6B;2A2522 >E2D2?3 >E2D2? -63E2936?5236B>2CC2 852?36B>E2D2?- 5:82?DE?8<2?A252C6ED2CD2=:B:?82?I2?8>2CC2?I252A2D5:232:<2? .6A2D5:C636=29<2?2?36?52A252;2B2< 4>5:=6D2<<2?-O I2?8>6?I6323<2?A@C:C:36?52>6?;25:C6A6BD:A25282>32B36B:<ED BAC%:<2P )>52?# >CD6?DE<2?=292 36C2BCE5ED52?3 36C2BD682?82?A252D2=:

Medan Listrik, Potensial Listrik, dan Kapasitor81&6D6B2?82?<E2D>652?=:CDB:<)->E2D2?=:CDB:<.;2B2<2?D2B>E2D2?>'P )>1.Garis-Garis Gaya/?DE<>6?882>32B<2?>652?=:CDB:<52A2D;E825:=E<:C<2?52=2>36?DE<82B:C 82B:C82I2(%*!/+""+.! #E3E?82?2?D2B282B:C 82B:C82I252?F6<D@B>652?=:CDB:<252=29C63282:36B:<ED 2 06<D@B<E2D>652?5:CE2DED:D:<A25282B:C82I2>6?I:?88E?882B:C82I25:D:D:<D6BC63ED 3 2?I2<?I282B:CA6BC2DE2?=E2CA6?2>A2?8I2?8D682<=EBEC56?82?82B:C 82B:CD6BC63ED252=29C632?5:?856?82?36C2B?I2>652?=:CDB:<Gambar 4.8(a) Garis-garis gaya listrik untukpartikel bermuatan positif;(b) Garis-garis gaya listrik untukpartikel bermuatan negatif;(c) Garis-garis gaya untuk duamuatan yang sejenis;(d) Garis-garis gaya untuk duamuatan yang berbeda jenis.45+6B92D:<2?82>32B36B:<ED -63E296=6<DB@?!O P O )P O <836B86B2<D2?A2<646A2D2?2G2=52B:A6=2D36B>E2D2??682D:7>6?E;EA6=2DA@C:D:7I2?836B;2B2<4>52=2>>652?=:CDB:<9@>@86? ) #:DE?8=292 A6B46A2D2?I2?85:>:=:<:6=6<DB@?3 G2<DEI2?85:A6B=E<2?>6?42A2:A6=2DA@C:D:74 =2;E6=6<DB@?C22DD:325:A6=2DA@C:D:7 elektron+2BD:<6=36B>E2D2?52?36B>2CC2 >8D6B2AE?83632C52=2>>652?=:CDB:<C6A6BD:A25282>32B36B:<ED %:<2# >CD6?DE<2?=2936C2B?I2<E2D>652?=:CDB:<I2?8>6>6?82BE9:A2BD:<6=D6BC63ED &:&':<6D29E:) >8O<8# >C-P O+6B92D:<2?82>32B36B:<ED 32Contoh 4.4q2=2><62522?C6D:>32?83-)# <8 >C) )#-EFwContoh 4.5Ev

Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII822.Resultan Kuat Medan Listrik(652? =:CDB:< >6BEA2<2? 36C2B2? F6<D@B *=69 <2B6?2 :DEA6?;E>=292??I2>6?8:<ED:2DEB2?A6?;E>=292?F6<D@B ?5252A2D>6?882>32BF6<D@B F6<D@B>652?=:CDB:<5:C6<:D2B>E2D2?CD2D:CI2?8>6?E?;E<<2?36C2B52?2B29>652?=:CDB:<A252D:D:< D:D:<5:C6<:D2B>E2D2?D6BC63ED ,6CE=D2?36C2B<E2D>652?5:D:D:<,252=29C63282:36B:<ED * O&6D6B2?82?<E2D>652?=:CDB:<5:D:D:<,2<:32D>E2D2?-<E2D>652?=:CDB:<5:D:D:<,2<:32D>E2D2?-(652?=:CDB:<>6BEA2<2?36C2B2?F6<D@B *=69<2B6?2:DEE?DE<>6?89:DE?8B6CE=D2?52B:>652?=:CDB:<52A2D5:=2<E<2?56?82?42B2>6D@562?2=:C:C>6?88E?2<2?F6<D@BC2DE2?2D2E56?82?>6?88E?2<2?>6D@568B27:< (6D@568B27:<52A2D5:=2<E<2?56?82?CI2B2DC6D:2A>652?=:CDB:<5:<6D29E:2B29F6<D@B?I2 Gambar 4.9Titik p dipengaruhi oleh muatanq1 dan q2.&:&'*=69<2B6?2>2CC26=6<DB@?C2?82D<64:=82I236B2D)#52A2D5:232:<2?D6B9252A82I2@E=@>3-:<6D29E:-!O P O )P O <84> > )2 2B:#E<E>$$)6GD@?5:A6B@=69) -) ) >C <8-)D2?52?682D:7>6?E?;E<<2?A6B46A2D2?I2?85:2=2>:6=6<DB@?3 12<DED6>AE96=6<DB@?5:A6B@=6952B:A6BC2>22?"'I2:DE/20056?82?2 /0 >P >C00P OC6<@? 4 '2;E6=6<DB@?C22D>6?I6?DE9A6=2DA@C:D:75:A6B@=6956?82?A6BC2>22?202/ P >C >20P >C+6B92D:<2?82>32B36B:<ED .6?DE<2?2 <E2D>652?=:CDB:<5:D:D:<3 82I2A252>E2D2?OP O5:D:D:<q1q2pE1E2r1r2Contoh 4.65 cm5 cm0,2C0,05CP

Medan Listrik, Potensial Listrik, dan Kapasitor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q1r1 = 5 cm0,2C0,05CPq2E2E1r1 = 5 cmContoh 4.7Pembahasan SoalPada titik-titik sudut B dan Dsebuah bujur sangkar ABCDmasing-masing diletakkan sebuahpartikel bermuatan +q. Agar kuatmedan listrik di titik A = nol, makadi titik C harus diletakkan sebuahpartikel bermuatan sebesar ....a.–qb.+qc.2qd.2qe.22qUMPTN 1991Pembahasan:B(+q)EADEBDEABACD(+q)EAB = EAD = 2kqq = EEBD = 22ABADEE = 22EEBD = 222kqEqEAC = EBD222CkqkqqAC2222Cqqqq2222Cqqqq qC = 22qJawaban: e

Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII843.Hukum Gauss#E<E>"2ECC5:52C2B<2?A252<@?C6A"(1'/ !=E<C252=29<E2?D:D2CI2?8>6?882>32B<2?36B2A232?I2<F6<D@B>652?82B:C 82B:C82I2I2?8>6?6>3ECCE2DEA6B>E<22?52=2>2B29D682<=EBEC +6B92D:<2?&2'&6 %:<2D6B52A2D82B:C 82B:C82I252B:CE2DE>652?=:CDB:<9@>@86?I2?8>6?6>3ECD682<=EBECCE2DE3:52?8C6=E2C ;E>=2982B:C>652?I2?8>6?6>3ECD682<=EBEC3:52?8D6BC63EDC2>256?82?A6B<2=:2?52?+6B<2=:2?2?D2B252? :?:5:?2>2<2?"(1'/(%/0.%' -642B2>2D6>2D:C5:DE=:C<2?C63282:36B:<ED O&6D6B2?82?7=E<C=:CDB:<)>2D2EG636B<E2D>652?=:CDB:<)=E2C3:52?8I2?85:D6>3EC>652?=:CDB:<>%:<282B:C 82B:C82I2D6BC63ED>6?6>3EC3:52?8D:52<C642B2D682<=EBEC7=E<C=:CDB:<?I2252=294@C O56?82?252=29CE5ED2?D2B2F6<D@B>652?52?=E2CA6B>E<22?I2?85:D6>3EC>652?=:CDB:< 2B:<@?C6A7=E<C=:CDB:<:?:=29"2ECC>6?86>E<2<2?9E<E>?I2I2?85:?I2D2<2?C63282:36B:<ED 71)($#.%/#55*#'!(1. .%/101,!.)1'*0!.0101,/!* %*# !*#*&1)($)10*(%/0.%'5*# %(%*#'1,%+(!$,!.)1'*0!.0101,0!./!108-642B2>2D6>2D:C5:DE=:CA6B>E<22?D6BDEDEA-O Gambar 4.10Garis-garis gaya yangmenembus bidang permukaan.Gambar 4.11Garis gaya yang menembussuatu permukaanmembentuk sudut.#:DE?8=297=E<C=:CDB:<A252CE2DE3:52?8A6BC68:I2?836BE<EB2? P 4>;:<2<E2D>652?=:CDB:<9@>@86?C636C2B )52?2B29?I22 C6;2;2B3:52?83 >6>36?DE<CE5EDLD6B9252A3:52?84 D682<=EBECD6B9252A3:52?8 &:&':<6D29E:'E2C3:52?8A6BC68: 4>P 4> 4>P O>&E2D>652?=:CDB:< ) !=E<C=:CDB:<52A2D?52A6B92D:<2?A25282>32B36B:<ED 2 3 4 nEEnnE37°Luas = AEnEContoh 4.82 /?DE<CE5ED L4@C L )P O>

Medan Listrik, Potensial Listrik, dan Kapasitor854.Perhitungan Medan Listrik dengan Menggunakan HukumGaussa.Medan Listrik pada Keping Sejajar(652?=:CDB:<5:2?D2B2A6=2DC6;2;2B52A2D5:9:DE?856?82?>E529>6?88E?2<2?#E<E>"2ECC E23E29A6=2D<6A:?8I2?8>6>:=:<:=E2C>2C:?8 >2C:?85:36B:>E2D2?C2>2D6BC632B>6B2D2D6D2A:36B=2G2?2?;6?:CI2:DE-52?O-C6A6BD:A252&2'&6 ,2A2D>E2D2?D:2A<6A:?85:567:?:C:<2?C63282:>E2D2?-A6BC2DE2?=E2C -642B2>2D6>2D:C5:DE=:C<2?C63282:36B:<ED Gambar 4.12Medan listrik antara dua kepingsejajar dengan rapatmuatandan.-O &E2D>652?=:CDB:<A252A6=2D<@?5E<D@B5:D6?DE<2?36B52C2B<2?<@?C6A#E<E>"2ECC 2B2?I256?82?>6>3E2DCE2DEA6B>E<22?D6BDEDEAC6A6BD:C:=:?56BE?DE<>6>E529<2?A6B9:DE?82? +6B92D:<2?&2'&6 6B52C2B<2?!*67&2&&3 <7=E<C=:CDB:<A252C:=:?56BD6BDEDEAD6BC63ED252=29C:=:?56BD6BDEDEA 4@C L 4@C L 4@C L*=69<2B6?2 >2<2C:=:?56BD6BDEDEA 6B52C2B<2?!*67&2&&3 < 5:52A2D<2?A6BC2>22?C:=:?56BD6BDEDEA-C69:?882 --*=69<2B6?2-B2A2D>E2D2?>2<2<E2D>652?=:CDB:<I2?85:D:>3E=<2?@=69C2DEA6=2D<@?5E<D@B5:?I2D2<2?56?82?A6BC2>22?O 6?82?56>:<:2?36C2B?I2<E2D>652?=:CDB:<I2?85:D:>3E=<2?@=695E2A6=2D<@?5E<D@B5:?I2D2<2?56?82?A6BC2>22?O &6D6B2?82?B2A2D>E2D2?>A6B>:D:F:D2CBE2?892>A2P O )>3 /?DE<CE5EDL4@C L )P O> 13 4 /?DE<CE5ED L4@C L )P O> 13 Gambar 4.13Perhitungan kuat medan listrikE pada pelat konduktormenggunakan permukaantertutup (silinder) berdasarkanHukum Gauss.E1A1E2A2E3A3EKata Kunci• medan listrik• garis-garis gaya•fluks• fluks listrik• keping sejajar• bola konduktor• permukaan Gauss

Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII86b.Kuat Medan Listrik pada Bola Konduktor Berongga+6B92D:<2?&2'&6 %:<2<652=2><@?5E<D@B3@=236B@?882I2?836B;2B: ;2B:5:36B:C6;E>=29>E2D2?A@C:D:72D2E>E2D2??682D:7>E2D2?D6BC63ED2<2?D6BC632B>6B2D292?I25:A6B>E<22?3@=2 52AE?5:52=2>3@=2D:52<D6B52A2D>E2D2?=:CDB:< 6B52C2B<2?#E<E>"2ECC52A2D5:D6?DE<2?36C2B>652?=:CDB:<5:52=2>>2EAE?5:=E2B3@=2I2?836C2B?I2- 2D2E-O :328:2?52=2>3@=256?82?.36C2B?I2>652?=:CDB:< #2=D6BC63ED5:C6323<2?36C2B?I2>E2D2?I2?85:=:?8<EA:A6B>E<22?"2ECC$- 52AE?E?DE<A6B>E<22?"2ECC$$56?82?.36C2B?I2>E2D2?=:CDB:<I2?85:=:?8<EA:A6B>E<22?"2ECC$$C2>256?82?;E>=29>E2D2?=:CDB:<A2523@=2D6BC63ED 6?82?56>:<:2?>652?=:CDB:<5:A6B>E<22?"2ECC$$252=29---'... &E2D>652?=:CDB:<5:=E2B3@=252A2D5:A6B@=6956?82?>6?82?882A3@=2C63282:>E2D2?=:CDB:<I2?8D6B=6D2<5:AEC2D3@=2 %25:C642B2<6C6=EBE92?>652?=:CDB:<5:C6<:D2B3@=236B@?882252=29M 5:52=2>3@=2 <2B6?2- M 5:A6B>E<22?3@=2-'M 5:=E2BA6B>E<22?3@=2-'.Gambar 4.14Bola konduktor beronggayang memiliki jari-jari R.r = jarak titik ke pusat bola.Gambar 4.15Grafik E terhadap r untukbola konduktor berongga.RaE0r = RrE = 0Tes Kompetensi Subbab B*6/&0&31&-)&1&2'9091&8.-&3 -63E296=6<DB@?5:D6>32<<2?56?82?<646A2D2?2G2= P >CC62B2956?82?<E2D>652?=:CDB:<I2?836C2B?I2P ) .6?DE<2?=292 <2A2?6=6<DB@?2<2?36B96?D:3 ;2B2<I2?85:D6>AE9?I2 +6B92D:<2?82>32B36B:<ED -63E296=6<DB@?!O P O )P O <85:=6A2C<2?D2?A2<646A2D2?2G2=52B:C:C:A6=2D<6A:?836B>E2D2??682D:752?5:A6B46A2D>6?E;EA6=2DA@C:D:7 %:<2;2B2<2?D2B2A6=2D4>52?>652?=:CDB:<)D6?DE<2?=292 36C2BA6B46A2D2?6=6<DB@?3 G2<DEI2?85:A6B=E<2?6=6<DB@?E?DE<>6?42A2:A6=2DA@C:D:74 =2;E6=6<DB@?C22DD:325:A6=2DA@C:D:7 E23E29A2BD:<6=36B>E2D2?D6B=6D2<A252C2DE82B:C=EBECC6A6BD:A25282>32B36B:<ED permukaan Gauss IIpermukaan Gauss I%:<2;2B2<2?D2B2A2BD:<6= 4>5:>2?2<29=6D2<D:D:<I2?8<E2D>652?>28?6D:<?I2?@= +252<66>A2DCE5EDC63E29A6BC68:5:=6D2<<2?6>A2D3E29>E2D2?I2?8C2>2C6A6BD:82>32B36B:<ED .6?DE<2?<E2D>652?=:CDB:<5:AEC2DA6BC68:;:<22 <66>A2D>E2D2?:DEA@C:D:73 D2?52A@C:D:752??682D:7<66>A2D>E2D2?:DE36BC6=2?8 C6=:?8 2qkrE =2qkRE =Rr>Rr<R14 cm–24q–4q20 cm4C4C4C4CdFE

Medan Listrik, Potensial Listrik, dan Kapasitor87 #:DE?87=E<C=:CDB:<I2?8>6?6>3EC3:52?8A6BC68:C:C: 4>;:<2<E2D>652?=:CDB:<C636C2B )I2?82B29?I22 C6;2;2B56?82?3:52?83 D682<=EBEC3:52?84 >6>36?DE<CE5ED LD6B9252A3:52?8 -63E296=6<DB@?5:=6D2<<2?5:AEC2DC63E29<6A:?8=@82>36B>E2D2??682D:7 =6<DB@?D6BC63ED5: A6B46A2D>6?E;E<6A:?8=@82>A@C:D:75:56<2D?I2C636C2B P >C %:<2<65E2<6A:?8>6>:=:<:B2A2D>E2D2?I2?8C2>2D6?DE<2??:=2:B2A2D>E2D2??I2)6 P O <8-6 P O 0P O )> C. Energi Potensial Listrik dan Potensial Listrik1.Energi Potensial Listrik+6B92D:<2?&2'&6 -63E29>E2D2?E;:-5:56<2D<2?56?82?>E2D2?- <:32D?I2D6B;25::?D6B2<C:2?D2B2>E2D2?-52?-36BEA282I24@E=@>3I2?82B29?I2D@=2< >6?@=2< /?DE<36BA:?52952B:A@C:C:.<6A@C:C:.>E2D2?-92BEC>6=2<E<2?EC292 6C2B?I2EC292I2?892BEC5:=2<E<2?252=29C632?5:?856?82?36C2B?I282I2@E=@>352?A6BA:?5292??I2 O .2?52?682D:7>6?E?;E<<2?EC292>6=2G2?82I2@E=@>3 %:<2EC292I2?85:=2<E<2?->6=2=E:A6BA:?5292?I2?8C2?82D<64:=>2<2EC292-52A2D5:A6B@=6956?82?42B2 O . . ..'- - .. .'- -.. '--..O -6CE2:56?82?567:?:C:?I2EC292252=29AB@C6CDB2?C76B6?6B8:2D2E36C2B?I2A6BE3292?6?6B8:2D2E52=2>36?DE<>2D6>2D:C?I2C6A6BD:36B:<ED ,, ,O 2A2D<:D2C:>AE=<2?329G2A6BC2>22?6?6B8:A@D6?C:2=5:CE2DED:D:<252=29 ,'- -.O &6D6B2?82?EC292=:CDB:<;@E=682I2@E=@>3)< <@?CD2?D2@E=@>3P )>->E2D2?E;:->E2D2?CE>36B.;2B2<2?D2B2-52?->+––q2q1q1FcF(2)(1)r1r2Gambar 4.16Interaksi antara muatan q1 dan q2.r

Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII882.Potensial Listrik+@D6?C:2==:CDB:<252=2936C2B?I26?6B8:A@D6?C:2==:CDB:<A6BC2DE2?>E2D2? +252&2'&6 A@D6?C:2==:CDB:<I2?85:>:=:<:@=69-252=29C63282:36B:<ED ,-- '-'--.. O -642B2E>E>A6BC2>22?A@D6?C:2==:CDB:<5:CE2DED:D:<I2?836B;2B2<.52B:>E2D2?CE>36B252=29'.O %:<2>E2D2?=:CDB:<I2?8>6?82<:32D<2?>E?4E=?I2A@D6?C:2==:CDB:<;E>=29?I2=63:952B:C2DEA@D6?C:2==:CDB:<5:C63E29D:D:<>6BEA2<2?;E>=292=;232BA@D6?C:2=D6B9252AC6D:2A>E2D2?=:CDB:< 6C2B?I2>E2D2?A@D6?C:2=5:D:D:<,I2?85:C6323<2?@=69>E2D2?D:D:<-- -*252=29*,**-'.O +6B92D:<2?&2'&6 %:<292?I2252>E2D2?A@D6?C:2==:CDB:<5:D:D:<+252=29 ,---'...O3.Hubungan Usaha dan Beda Potensial Listrik+6B92D:<2?&2'&6 /C292I2?85:=2<E<2?E?DE<>6>:?529<2?>E2D2?-52B:A@C:C:.<6A@C:C:.52B:2B29>E2D2?252=29 ,, , '- '-.. ' '-.. -O56?82?O252=293652A@D6?C:2==:CDB:<2?D2B2D:D:< 52?D:D:< Gambar 4.17Potensial listrik oleh 3 muatan,q1, q2, q3 di titik P.Pr3+q3–q2+q1r2r1Gambar 4.18Muatan q, bergerak dari titik 1 ketitik 2 dipengaruhi muatan Q.r2r121-63E29>E2D2?A@C:D:7- P O5:86B2<<2?>6?E;EC63E29:?D:2D@>I2?836B>E2D2? %2B2<A:C292G2=<65E2A2BD:<6=D6BC63ED252=29P O >52?;2B2<A:C292<9:B?I2252=29 P O > %:<2EC292I2?85:A6B=E<2?E?DE<>6>:?529<2? P O %D6?DE<2?>E2D2?:?D:2D@>D6BC63ED &:&':<6D29E:- P O .P O >. P O > P O % Contoh 4.9Qq

Medan Listrik, Potensial Listrik, dan Kapasitor89-68:D:82 C:<E C:<E5:56?82?4>52? 4> -63E29>E2D2?=:CDB:<-O O 2<2?5:A:?529<2?52B:D:D:<<6D:D:<I2?8D6B=6D2<A252A6BD6?8292? %:<2>E2D2?- O 52?>E2D2?-O O 2?882A<6925:B2?-D:52<36BA6?82BE9D6B9252AA@D6?C:2=5:D6?DE<2?=292 A@D6?C:2=5:@=29-52?-3 A@D6?C:2=5:@=29-52?-4 EC292I2?85:A6B=E<2?E?DE<>6>:?529<2?>E2D2?-52B:<6 &:&':<6D29E:- O -O O -O O 4> > 2 +@D6?C:2==:CDB:<5:2<:32D-52?-252=29 --'' P )> > >F@=D 3 +@D6?C:2==:CDB:<5:2<:32D>E2D2?-52?-*=69<2B6?2-6-52? >2<2 O C69:?882 O 4 /C292E?DE<>6>:?529<2?>E2D2?252=29-OO O O0P O;@E=6 Tantanganuntuk AndaHitunglah usaha yang diperlukanuntuk memindahkan muatan positifyang besarnya 10 C dari suatu titikyang potensialnya 10 V ke suatu titikyang potensialnya 60 V.56?82?!*67&2&&3 < 5:A6B@=69 '- .. P O %P P O >P O %25:>E2D2?:?D:2D@>252=29P O Contoh 4.10ABCD10 cm6 cm4 cm4 cm4.Hukum Kekekalan Energi Mekanik dalam Medan Listrik#E<E><6<6<2=2?6?6B8:>6<2?:<AE?36B=2<EA25286B2<A2BD:<6=C6A6BD:86B2<AB@D@?52?6=6<DB@?5:52=2>>652?=:CDB:< #2=D6BC63ED36B=2<E<2B6?2>652?=:CDB:<>6BEA2<2?>652?<@?C6BF2D:7 ?6B8:D@D2=C63E29A2BD:<6=56?82?>2CC2)52?>E2D2?-I2?836B86B2<52=2>>652?=:CDB:<252=29,','2D2E -)2 -)2O(6?8:?82D6?6B8:A@D6?C:2==:CDB:<,-52?6?6B8:<:?6D:<')2;:<2<646A2D2?2G2=A2BD:<6=2 !*67&2&&3 < >6?;25:- )2O!*67&2&&3 <>6?E?;E<<2?A6BE3292?6?6B8:A@D6?C:2=>6?;25:6?6B8:<:?6D:< Hukum kekekalan energi mekanikpartikel dalam medan listrik berlakujika pada partikel tersebut tidak adagaya lain yang bekerja selain gayaCoulomb.Ingatlah

Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII90+6B92D:<2?82>32B36B:<ED VAB652A@D6?C:2=5:2?D2B25E2A6=2DC6;2;2BA25282>32BD6BC63ED252=29 0 -63E29AB@D@?2G2=?I25:<6A:?8 %:<25:2?D2B2<65E2A6=2D92>A2E52B29:DE?8<646A2D2?AB@D@?C636=E>>6?I6?DE9<6A:?8 (2CC2AB@D@?) P O<8>E2D2?AB@D@?- P O &:&'(6=2=E:#E<E>&6<6<2=2? ?6B8:(6<2?:<52=2>>652?=:CDB:<5:A6B@=69 ?6B8:>6<2?:<5:6?6B8:>6<2?:<5:-)2 -)22 2- -22 )6B52C2B<2?36C2B2?I2?85:<6D29E:A252C@2=52A2D5:A6B@=69 0 <82 >C >C2 &646A2D2?AB@D@?C636=E>>6?I6?DE9A6=2D252=29 >C5.Potensial di antara Dua Keping Sejajar%:<25E23E29<6A:?8C6;2;2B5:9E3E?8<2?56?82?CE>36BD682?82?32D6B2:>2<2<65E2<6A:?82<2?>6>:=:<:>E2D2?I2?8C2>2D6D2A:36B=2G2?2?;6?:C /C292I2?85:=2<E<2?82I2=:CDB:<-E?DE<>6>:?529<2?>E2D2? >E2D2?C6;2E9252=29C636C2B 52AE?52=2>=:CDB:<CD2D:C36C2B?I2EC292252=29-6?82?>6?8823E?8<2?<65E2A6BC2>22?EC292D6BC63ED5:A6B@=69 -- - O O&6D6B2?82?;2B2<2?D2B2<65E2<6A:?8><E2D>652?=:CDB:<0>652A@D6?C:2=O52A2D5:?I2D2<2?C63282:3652A@D6?C:2=2?D2B2<65E2<6A:?8C6;2;2B Gambar 4.19Dua buah keping sejajar danterpisah sejauh d diberimuatan yang sama.Contoh 4.11Kata Kunci• energi potensial listrik• potensial listrik• voltABdEV

Medan Listrik, Potensial Listrik, dan Kapasitor91-63E296=6<DB@?!5:D6>32<<2?>2CE<5:2?D2B25E2<6A:?8C6;2;2B56?82?<646A2D2?2G2=2C6A6BD:A25282>32B36B:<ED %:<23652A@D6?C:2=<65E2<6A:?8252=2952?;2B2<2?D2B2<6A:?8D6?DE<2?2 G2<DEI2?85:A6B=E<2?6=6<DB@?9:?882>6?I6?DE9<6A:?8C636=292D2C3 ;2B2<>6?52D2B4I2?85:D6>AE96=6<DB@?;:<2A6?82BE9A6B46A2D2?8B2F:D2C:5:232:<2? &:&'2B:#E<E>$$)6GD@?52?!*67&2&&3 <5:A6B@=69) -)--) ) 56?82?2B29<62D2C 2 -6CE2:A6BC2>22?"'329G20/C652?8<2?-) >2<2E?DE</2<2?5:A6B@=69 )0 --) 3 2B:A6BC2>22?42056?82?4 5:A6B@=6942)-2)-Tes Kompetensi Subbab C*6/&0&31&-)&1&2'9091&8.-&3 +6B92D:<2?82>32B36B:<ED r = 50 × 10–10 mq%:<25:<6D29E:. P O >52?-P O 52?C63E29AB@D@?D6B=6D2<5:D:D:<D6?DE<2?=296?6B8:A@D6?C:2=AB@D@? E2>E2D2?D:D:<-O*52?-*D6BA:C29A252;2B2< 4> .6?DE<2?A@D6?C:2=5:D:D:<D6?82982B:C9E3E?82?D2B2<65E2>E2D2?D6BC63ED >A2D3E29>E2D2?=:CDB:<---52?-D6B=6D2<A252D:D:<CE5EDA6BC68:I2?8A2?;2?8C:C:?I2 4>C6A6BD:A25282>32B36B:<ED Contoh 4.12qdxV12d.6?DE<2?A@D6?C:2=D:D:<5:AEC2DA6BC68::DE;:<22 - ---3 - -O--O E23E29>E2D2?D:D:<A252<@@B5:?2D2BD6C:EC56?82?<@@B5:?2DC63282:36B:<ED - 5:D:D:<52?-O 5:D:D:<O .6?DE<2?A@D6?C:2==:CDB:<5:D:D:< -63E296=6<DB@?5:D6>32<<2?56?82?<646A2D2?>C>2CE<<652=2>5E2<6A:?8C6A6BD:82>32B %:<2<E2D>652?2?D2B25E2<6A:?8P )D6?DE<2? ;2B2< >6?52D2B4 C2>A2: 6=6<DB@?>6?E>3E<<6A:?8I2?82D2C )6P O <8-6 P O 52?# >C q4q3q1q2Ex = ?y = 1 cmVTantanganuntuk AndaSebuah elektron dengan massa9,11 × 10–31 kg dan muatan listrik–1,6 × 10–19 C, lepas dari katodemenuju anode yang jaraknya 2 cm.Jika kecepatan awal elektron = 0 danbeda potensial antara anode dankatode = 200 V, hitunglah kecepatanelektron ketika sampai di anode.

Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII92D. Kapasitor1.Muatan pada Kapasitor+6B?29<29?52>6>6B92D:<2?<@>A@?6? <@>A@?6?I2?82525:52=2>2=2D6=6<DB@?:<C6A6BD:D6=6F:C:52?B25:@&2A2C:D@B2D2E<@?56?C2D@B252=29C2=29C2DE<@>A@?6?6=6<DB@?:<I2?82525:52=2>?I2 +6B92D:<2?&2'&6 <2A2C:D@B2D2E<@?56?C2D@B252=295E23E29A6?892?D2BA6=2D<@?5E<D@BI2?85:A:C29<2?@=69CE2DE%/+(0+.2D2EJ2D %!(!'0.%'E?DE<>6>A6B@=69>E2D2?I2?8C2>2D6D2A:36B=2G2?2?;6?:C &2A2C:D@B36B7E?8C:E?DE<>6?I:>A2?6?6B8:A@D6?C:2==:CDB:< ?5252A2D>6>32I2?8<2?C63E29EC292E?DE<>6>36B:<2?>E2D2?A252<2A2C:D@B56?82?42B2<EDE3A@C:D:732D6B2:>6?2B:<6=6<DB@?A252<6A:?8C636=29<:B:9:?882<6A:?8D6BC63ED>6?;25:36B>E2D2?A@C:D:752?>6?5@B@?86=6<DB@? 6=6<DB@?D6BC63ED<6<6A:?8C636=29<2?2?>6?;25:36B>E2D2??682D:79:?882<65E2<6A:?8>6>:=:<:>E2D2?C2>292?I2;6?:C?I2I2?836B3652 +B@C6CA6BA:?5292?6=6<DB@?52B:<6A:?8<:B:<6<6A:?8<2?2?>6=2=E:6?6B8:&:>:252B:32D6B2:I2?836B=2?8CE?8D6BEC >6?6BECC2>A2:3652A@D6?C:2=2?D2B2<6A:?8C2>256?82?3652A@D6?C:2=I2?85:>:=:<:32D6B2: -2>A2:2<9:B?I2<2A2C:D@BD6=29A6?E9>E2D2?52?D:52<52A2D5::C:=28: &2A2C:D@B5:C:>3@=<2?56?82? &2A2C:D@B5:8E?2<2?E?DE<2 >6?I:>A2?>E2D2?2D2E6?6B8:=:CDB:<3 C63282:C2=29C2DE<@>A@?6?52=2>B2?8<2:2?A6?2=2I2?836B8E?2E?DE<>6>:=:97B6<E6?C:A252A6C2G2DB25:@52?4 >6?46829=@?42D2?=:CDB:<A252B2?8<2:2? B2?8<2:2?I2?8>6?82?5E?8<E>A2B2?;:<2D:32 D:322BEC=:CDB:<5:AEDEC<2? e––+Gambar 4.20Proses pengisian muatanpada kapasitor.kepingkonduktorisolatorkepingkonduktor3EGambar 4.21(a) Jenis kapasitor;(b) Skema kapasitor.22.Kapasitas Kapasitor?52>E?8<:?A6B?29>6=:92D<2A2C:D@BD6BED2>252=2>A6B2=2D2?6=6<DB@?:< %:<2C63E29<2A2C:D@B5:9E3E?8<2?56?82?CE>36B3652A@D6?C:2=I2?836BE329 E329>2<2>E2D2?I2?8D6BC:>A2?5:52=2>?I2AE?36BE329 E329 <@?CD2?**----+6B32?5:?82?-52?D6BC63ED5:?2>2<2?<2A2C:D2C<2A2C:D@BI2?892B82?I2<@?CD2?E?DE<D:2A<2A2C:D@BC69:?88252=2>36?DE<>2D6>2D:C5:DE=:CC63282:36B:<ED

Medan Listrik, Potensial Listrik, dan Kapasitor93-O&6D6B2?82?->E2D2?3652A@D6?C:2=0<2A2C:D2?C:02D2E!&2A2C:D2C<2A2C:D@BD:52<5:A6?82BE9:@=69A6BE3292?>E2D2?52?A@D6?C:2==:CDB:< 52D:82;6?:C<2A2C:D@BI2?832?I2<5:8E?2<2?I2:DE2 ,/%0+.'!.0/ &6BD2CA252<2A2C:D@B:?:36B7E?8C:C63282:A6?I6<2D5:2?D2B2<65E2A6=2D=@82>3 ,/%0+.2.%!( &2A2C:D@B:?:5:8E?2<2?52=2>B2?8<2:2?A6?2=2A252A6C2G2DB25:@4 ,/%0+.!(!'0.+(%0 !(+ &2A2C:D@B;6?:C:?:>6>:=:<:<2A2C:D2?C:A2=:?8D:?88:I2:DEC2>A2:56?82? A! Gambar 4.22(a) Kapasitor kertas;(b) Kapasitor variabel;(c) Kapasitor elektrolit.kertaslempeng logamkepingbergerakkeping tetapkapasitor elektrolit-63E29<2A2C:D@B5::C:@=6932D6B2:F@=DC69:?88236B>E2D2? .6?DE<2?=292 <2A2C:D2C<2A2C:D@BD6BC63ED3 >E2D2?I2?8D6BC:>A2?52=2><2A2C:D@B;:<25:>E2D:32D6B2:F@=D &:&':<6D29E:F@=D- P O 2 &2A2C:D2C<2A2C:D@B5:9:DE?856?82?!*67&2&&3 < !0-3 (E2D2?I2?8D6BC:>A2?5:A6B@=6956?82?A6BC2>22?-P O!0 3.Kapasitor Keping Sejajar+252 .(-&*1&6&)&;>6=2<E<2?A6?6=:D:2?D6?D2?8A6?82BE9A6?8:C:2?BE2?85:2?D2B2A6=2D A6=2D<2A2C:D@B56?82?>6?88E?2<2?3292?5:6=6<DB:< &6&)&;>6?88E?2<2?5E2<2A2C:D@BI2?8:56?D:< :C2=29C2DE<2A2C:D@B5:D6>A2D<2?CE2DE3292?5:6=6<DB:<C652?8<2?<2A2C:D@B=2:??I236B:C:E52B2A252D6<2?2??@B>2= &6>E5:2?<65E2<2A2C:D@BD6BC63ED5:36B:A@D6?C:2==:CDB:<I2?8C2>236C2B?I2C6A6BD:5:DE?;E<<2?@=69&2'&6 (6=2=E:6<CA6B:>6?D6BC63ED&6&)&;>6>A6B@=6992C:=CA6<D2<E=6B (E2D2?5:<2A2C:D@BI2?8>6?82?5E?85:6=6<DB:<;2E9=63:936C2B52B:A252>E2D2?5:<2A2C:D@BI2?8>6?82?5E?8E52B2 Contoh 4.13Tugas Anda 4.2Berdasarkan kepolarannya, dikenaldua jenis kapasitor, yaitu kapasitorpolar dan kapasitor non-polar. CobaAnda cari informasi mengenaiperbedaan di antara keduanya.234

Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas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ambar 4.24Kapasitor keping sejajardihubungkan dengansumber tegangan V.Gambar 4.23(a) Baterai B menyebabkanperbedaan potensial yang samapada setiap kapasitor; kapasitordengan bahan dielektrik memilikimuatan yang lebih banyak.(b) Kedua kapasitor mengangkutmuatan yang sama. Kapasitordengan bahan dielektrik memilikiperbedaan potensial lebih rendah,seperti ditunjukkan olehpembacaan alat ukur.bahan dielektrikudara23E–q+qVAdSumber: Fundamental of Physics, 2001

Medan Listrik, Potensial Listrik, dan Kapasitor954.Dielektrik pada Kapasitor:2?D2B25E2A6=2D<6A:?8A252<2A2C:D@B3:2C2?I25:C:C:A:5:A2C2?8CE2DE3292?:C@=2D@BI2?85:C63ED %!(!'0.%' 292?:?:5:8E?2<2?<2B6?252A2D>6>A6B36C2B?:=2:<2A2C:D2C<2A2C:D@B @?D@93292?5:6=6<DB:<252=29<242>:<2<6BD2C52?<2B6D 292?5:6=6<DB:<>6>:=:<:92B82A6B>:D:F:D2CI2?836B365256?82?92B82A6B>:D:F:D2CF2<E> 6B52C2B<2?!*67&2&&3 <52A2D5:<6D29E:329G2A6B>:D:F:D2C3292?.C69:?882<2A2C:D2C<2A2C:D@BI2?8>6?88E?2<2?3292?5:6=6<DB:<252=292D2E.O6?82?>6>6B92D:<2?!*67&2&&3 <52?!*67&2&&3 <5:52A2D9E3E?82?<2A2C:D@BD2?A25:6=6<DB:<52?<2A2C:D@B56?82?3292?5:6=6<DB:<252=29C63282:36B:<ED .O -63E29<2A2C:D@B<6A:?8C6;2;2B=E2CD:2A<6A:?8 4>52?D6BA:C29>>C2DEC2>2=2:? 652A@D6?C:2=5:2?D2B2<6A:?8 F@=D &6>E5:2?<2A2C:D@B5:=6A2C52B:CE>36BD682?82?52?BE2?85:2?D2B2<6A:?85::C:56?82?5:6=6<DB:<I2?8>6>:=:<:A6B>:D:F:D2CB6=2D:73292? #:DE?8=292 <2A2C:D2C>E=2 >E=23 >E2D2?-A252D:2A<6A:?84 <E2D>652?=:CDB:<C636=E>5:36B:3292?5:6=6<DB:<5 <2A2C:D2C<2A2C:D@BC6D6=295:C:C:A:3292?5:6=6<DB:<6 A6B>:D:F:D2C5:6=6<DB:<I2?85:8E?2<2?7 3652A@D6?C:2=<6A:?8C6D6=295:36B:3292?5:6=6<DB:<8 <E2D>652?=:CDB:<C6D6=295:36B:>E2D2?5:6=6<DB:< &:&':<6D29E:P O )>>>P O> 4>P O> 0 2 > ! >3 - P O ! 0P O4 0 0> > 5 .. P O !P O!6 . P O )>P O )>Contoh 4.14Jika permitivitas dielektrikdisisipkan di antara keping kapasitor,kapasitas dan beda potensialnyaberubah, tetapi muatannya (q) tetap.IngatlahTugas Anda 4.3Mengapa dielektrik tidakmenggunakan bahan konduktor?Coba tanya pada guru Anda atau cariinformasi dari internet.

Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII965.Kapasitor Bentuk Bola+6B92D:<2?&2'&6 E2<E=:D<@?5E<D@B36B36?DE<3@=2I2?85:A:C29<2?BE2?8F2<E> &E=:D328:2?=E2B36B>E2D2??682D:756?82?;2B: ;2B:=E2BC652?8<2?<E=:DI2?8C636=2952=2>36B>E2D2?A@C:D:756?82?;2B: ;2B: +@D6?C:2=A2523@=2328:2?52=2>5:D:>3E=<2?@=69>E2D2?A@C:D:7-52?>E2D2?3@=2328:2?=E2BO- 52AE?A@D6?C:2=52B:3@=2<@?5E<D@B328:2?=E2B36B?:=2:?@=<2B6?25:D2?29<2? &:D2<6D29E:329G2<E2D>652?52?A@D6?C:2==:CDB:<@=693@=2<@?5E<D@B5:D:D:<52?>6>:=:<:A6BC2>22? 52?0--''O 6?82?56>:<:2?3652A@D6?C:2=2?D2B2<65E23@=2<@?5E<D@B36B>E2D2?D6BC63ED252=29O'- O'>6BEA2<2?D6D2A2?<6C632?5:?82?E?DE<BE2?892>A2'P )>O 6?82?56>:<:2?<2A2C:D2C52B:<2A2C:D@B3@=2252=29 --''-C69:?882 OE?DE<<E=:D3@=2<@?5E<D@B36B@?8825:>2?2 5:A6B@=69'O6.Susunan Kapasitora.Susunan Seri2=2>AB2<D:<?52C6B:?8<2=:A6B=E>6?8823E?8<2?<2A2C:D@BE?DE<>6?52A2D<2??:=2:<2A2C:D2CI2?85::?8:?<2? 2B2A6?8823E?82?<2A2C:D@BI2?8C2?82D52C2B252=2942B2A6?8823E?82?56?82?CECE?2?C6B:52?A2B2=6= Gambar 4.25Kapasitor bola konsentrisdengan V2 dibumikanR1R2bola 2bola 17 0 !-5:A6B@=69--<2B6?29E3E?82?56?82?32D6B2:5:AEDECC69:?882D:52<>6>:=:<:;2=2?=2:? 8 0 0> > Generator Van de Graaff adalah alatuntuk mengumpulkan danmenyimpan muatan listrik statikdalam jumlah yang sangat besar.Rambut wanita ini akan saling tolak-menolak setelah memeganggenerator Van de Graaff dan ujung-ujungnya berdiri karena termuatioleh muatan yang sama.Van de Graff is a tool to collect andstore statics electric chargeenormously in quantity. The woman’shair could be repulsive each otherafter held the Van de Graff generatorand a hair would be repulsivescaused by loading the commoncharges.Informasiuntuk AndaSumber:Physics for You,2001Information for You

Medan Listrik, Potensial Listrik, dan Kapasitor97+6B92D:<2?&2'&6 2=2>CECE?2?C6B:<2A2C:D@B36B=2<E2DEB2?36B:<ED (E2D2?A252C6D:2A<2A2C:D@BC2>2I2:DEC2>256?82?>E2D2?<2A2C:D@BA6?882?D: -D@D----O 652A@D6?C:2=A252E;E?8 E;E?8<2A2C:D@BA6?882?D:C2>256?82?;E>=29D@D2=3652A@D6?C:2=E;E?8 E;E?8C6D:2A<2A2C:D@B D@DO2B:!*67&2&&3 <5:<6D29E:329G2-2D2E- ---C652?8<2?D@DD@D-%:<292B82 92B8252?5:>2CE<<2?<652=2>!*67&2&&3 < 2<2?5:A6B@=69A6BC2>22?D@D O6C2B<2A2C:D2CA6?882?D:E?DE<*3E29<2A2C:D2D@BI2?85:CECE?C6B:252=29D@D * OGambar 4.26Susunan seri kapasitorC1C2C3V1V2V3V+– +– +–.:823E29<2A2C:D@BI2?8<2A2C:D2C?I2>2C:?8 >2C:?8!!52? !5:CECE?C6B:52?5:9E3E?8<2?<6CE>36BD682?82?0 #:DE?8=292 <2A2C:D2CA6?882?D:3 >E2D2?-52?3652A@D6?C:2=C6D:2A<2A2C:D@B &:&':<6D29E:!! !D@D0 2 &2A2C:D2C<2A2C:D@BA6?882?D: D@DD@D !! ! ! !3 (E2D2?<2A2C:D@B5:A6B@=6956?82?>6?88E?2<2?!*67&2&&3 <-D@DD@DD@D!0 -D@D- -- C69:?882D682?82?C6D:2A<2A2C:D@B252=29 0 00!! !---Contoh 4.15• Kapasitas total dua buah kapasitorseri adalah1212SCCCCC• Perbandingan potensial padakapasitas seri adalah12 312 31111::: ... :::: ... :nnVV VVCC CCIngatlahTugas Anda 4.4Ketika Anda sedang merangkaiperalatan elektronik, kadang-kadangsulit menemukan nilai kapasitaskapasitor yang tepat dengankebutuhan, maka teknik penyusunankapasitor bermanfaat sekali dalamhal ini. Jika Anda hanya memilikikapasitor bernilai besar, susunankapasitor apakah yang akan Andagunakan untuk mendapatkankapasitor bernilai kecil?b.Susunan Paralel2=2>CECE?2?A2B2=6=<2A2C:D@B36B=2<E92= 92=36B:<ED 652A@D6?C:2=C6D:2A<2A2C:D@B252=29C2>2D@DO

Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII98 (E2D2?D@D2=<2A2C:D@BA6?882?D:C2>256?82?;E>=29D@D2=>E2D2?-D@D---O +6B92D:<2?&2'&6 (E2D2?A252>2C:?8 >2C:?8<2A2C:D@B252=29--52?-C652?8<2?-D@D2= %:<292B82 92B82---52?-5:>2CE<<2?<652=2>!*67&2&&3 < 2<2?5:A6B@=69D@D O 6C2B<2A2C:D2CA6?882?D:E?DE<*3E29<2A2C:D@BI2?85:CECE?A2B2=6=252=29D@D *O.:823E29<2A2C:D@BI2?8<2A2C:D2C?I2>2C:?8 >2C:?8! !52? !5:CECE?A2B2=6=52?5:9E3E?8<2?<6CE>36BD682?82? F@=D #:DE?8=292 <2A2C:D2CD@D2=D@D3 3652A@D6?C:2=C6D:2A<2A2C:D@B4 >E2D2?C6D:2A<2A2C:D@B5 >E2D2?D@D2=<2A2C:D@B &:&':<6D29E:! ! !D@D 0 2 &2A2C:D2CD@D2=?I2252=29D@D ! ! ! ! 3 +252CECE?2?A2B2=6=36?52A@D6?C:2=5:C6D:2A<2A2C:D@BC2>2;E8256?82?A@D6?C:2=D@D2=?I2C69:?882D@D 04 >E2D2?5:C6D:2A<2A2C:D@B252=29- !P 0 - !P 0 - !P 0 5 (E2D2?D@D2=<2A2C:D@B252=29-D@D- -- 7.Energi yang Tersimpan dalam Kapasitor&2A2C:D@B;E8236B7E?8C:E?DE<>6?I:>A2?6?6B8:A@D6?C:2=I2?85:36B:<2?52B:CE>36BA@D6?C:2==:CDB:< ?6B8:A@D6?C:2=D6BC63ED5:8E?2<2?<6D:<2B2?8<2:2?=:CDB:<>E=2:36<6B;2 -6;E>=29>E2D2?<652=2><2A2C:D@BD6BEC36BD2>329C6=2>2AB@C6CA6?8:C:2?D6BEC36B=2?8CE?836BC2>22?56?82?A6BD2>3292?A@D6?C:2=A252<65E2<6A:?8C6;2;2B9:?882A6?E9C636C2B-Contoh 4.16Tantanganuntuk AndaPerhatikan gambar rangkaiankapasitor berikut.Tentukan:a.kapasitas pengganti antara titikx dan titik y,b.beda potensial antara titik x dany jika muatan pada kapasitor5F adalah 60C.yxC2C13F3F4F4F4F5F3FGambar 4.28Grafik perubahan potensial (V)sebagai fungsi perubahan muatanselama proses pengisianberlangsung.V (V)q(C)qVCGambar 4.27Susunan paralel kapasitorC1C2C3V1V2V3V+–+–+–+–dqQ&6?2:<2?D@D2=6?6B8:A@D6?C:2=A252<2A2C:D@B,252=29A6?;E>=292?2D2E:?D68B2=>E2D2?-!O52B:?@=C2>A2:A6B92D:<2?&2'&6 6?82?>6>6B92D:<2?!*67&2&&3 < 6?6B8:A@D6?C:2=I2?8D6BC:>A2?52=2><2A2C:D@B52A2D5:A6B@=69C63282:36B:<ED , -- -,- -,O

Medan Listrik, Potensial Listrik, dan Kapasitor99E23E29<2A2C:D@B>2C:?8 >2C:?8<2A2C:D2C?I252?5:CECE?C642B2C6B:<6>E5:2?5:9E3E?8<2?56?82?D682?82? 0 .6?DE<2?2 <2A2C:D2CD@D2=3 6?6B8:I2?8D6BC:>A2?52=2>C:CD6> &:&':<6D29E: 0 2 D@D2= D@D2= D@D2= 3 D@D2= ! 0 % Contoh 4.17?52D6=29>6?86D29E:86?6B2D@BF2?56B"B22752B:3+462&7.938903)& =2DD6BC63ED>6?892C:=<2?>E2D2?C6;6?:C52=2>;E>=2936C2B .E82C?52252=29>6?42B::?7@B>2C:>6?86?2:42B2<6B;22=2DD6BC63ED5:C6BD2:56?82?82>32B +292>:7E?8C: 7E?8C:C6D:2A328:2?52=2>2=2DD6BC63ED %:<2D6=29C6=6C2:AB6C6?D2C:<2?5:56A2?<6=2C Mari Mencari TahuKata Kunci• kapasitas kapasitor• kapasitor kertas• kapasitor variabel• kapasitor elektrolit• farad• kondensator• isolator• dielektrik•katode• anode -63E29<2A2C:D@B !5:9E3E?8<2?56?82?C63E29CE>36BD682?82? 09:?882D6B:C:A6?E9 &6>E5:2?<EDE3 <EDE3?I25:9E3E?8<2?<6<2A2C:D@B !I2?8D:52<36B>E2D2? #:DE?8=292 >E2D2?D@D2=3 3652A@D6?C:2=A252E;E?8 E;E?8C6D:2A<2A2C:D@B4 6?6B8:2<9:BD@D2=5 A6?8EB2?82?6?6B8:<6D:<2<2A2C:D@BC2=:?836B9E3E?82? -63E29<2A2C:D@B<6A:?8C6;2;2B36B36?DE<=:?8<2B2?56?82?B25:EC 4>52?;2B2<2?D2B2<6A:?8>> %:<25:9E3E?8<2?<632D6B2:09:DE?8=292 36C2B<2A2C:D2C?I23 36C2B>E2D2?A252<6A:?8<2A2C:D@B4 6?6B8:A@D6?C:2=I2?8D6BC:>A2?52=2><2A2C:D@B Tes Kompetensi Subbab D*6/&0&31&-)&1&2'9091&8.-&3 .:823E29<2A2C:D@BI2?8<2A2C:D2C?I2>2C:?8 >2C:?8!!52?!5:CECE?C6B:=2=E5:9E3E?8<2?<6CE>36BD682?82?F@=D #:DE?8=292 < 2A2C:D2C<2A2C:D@BA6?882?D:3 >E2D2?-52?3652A@D6?C:2=C6D:2A<2A2C:D@B .:823E29<2A2C:D@B56?82?<2A2C:D2C>2C:?8 >2C:?8!!52?!5:9E3E?8<2?C642B2A2B2=6=<65E2E;E?8?I25:9E3E?8<2?56?82?CE>36BD682?82? F@=D #:DE?8=29 2 <2A2C:D2CD@D2=3 3652A@D6?C:2=C6D:2A<2A2C:D@B4 >E2D2?C6D:2A<2A2C:D@B5 >E2D2?D@D2=<2A2C:D@B .6?DE<2?<2A2C:D2CA6?882?D:2?D2B252?52B:>E2D2?D@D2=?I252B:<2A2C:D@BI2?85:A2C2?8C6A6BD:A25282>32B36B:<ED;:<25:9E3E?8<2?<6CE>36BD682?82?F@=D 5 mm10 cm2 4 V234ab4F24F6F2Fab3F2F4F2Fab5F12F4F24F

Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII100Rangkuman (E2D2?=:CDB:<D6B5:B:2D2CAB@D@?I2?836B>E2D2?A@C:D:76=6<DB@?I2?836B>E2D2??682D:752??6EDB@?I2?8D:52<36B>E2D2? %:<25E2>E2D2?I2?836B=2:?2?;6?:C36B:?D6B2<C:2<2?D6B;25:82I2D2B:< >6?2B:<2?D2B2<65E2>E2D2?D6BC63ED -632=:<?I2;:<25E2>E2D2?=:CDB:<C6;6?:C36B:?D6B2<C:2<2?D6B;25:82I2D@=2< >6?@=2< #E<E>@E=@>3>6?I2D2<2?329G236C2B82I2D2B:< >6?2B:<2D2ED@=2< >6?@=2<2?D2B25E2>E2D2?=:CDB:<36B32?5:?8=EBEC56?82?92C:=<2=:36C2B<65E2>E2D2?52?36B32?5:?8D6B32=:<56?82?<E25B2D;2B2<2?D2B2<65E2>E2D2?D6BC63ED --'.56?82?'<@?CD2?D2@E=@>3 &E2D>652?=:CDB:<5:CE2DED:D:<5:567:?:C:<2?C63282:82I2@E=@>3A6BC2DE2?>E2D2?I2?85:2=2>:@=69C63E29>E2D2?5:D:D:<D6BC63ED - #E<E>"2ECC>6?I2D2<2?329G2;E>=2982B:C82I2I2?8<6=E2B52B:CE2DEA6B>E<22?D6BDEDEAC632?5:?856?82?;E>=29>E2D2?=:CDB:<I2?85:=:?8<EA:@=69A6B>E<22?D6BDEDEAD6BC63ED A6B>E<22?D6BDEDEA- &E2D>652?=:CDB:<I2?85:D:>3E=<2?@=69C63E29A6=2D<@?5E<D@B5:?I2D2<2?56?82?A6BC2>22?56?82?.B2A2D>E2D2? &E2D>652?=:CDB:<5:C6<:D2B3@=236B@?882252=292 5:52=2>3@=2 <2B6?2- 3 5:A6B>E<22?3@=2-'4 5:=E2BA6B>E<22?3@=2-'. 652A@D6?C:2==:CDB:<5:D:D:<%<2B6?2A6?82BE9>E2D2?5:?I2D2<2?56?82?A6BC2>22?%'. /C292E?DE<>6>:?529<2?C63E29>E2D2?=:CDB:<-52B:C2DED:D:<<6D:D:<=2:??I25:?I2D2<2?56?82?-O &2A2C:D@B252=29<@>A@?6?=:CDB:<I2?836B7E?8C:E?DE<>6?I:>A2?>E2D2?52?6?6B8:A@D6?C:2==:CDB:< &2A2C:D@B>6BEA2<2?5E2A6=2D<@?5E<D@BI2?85:A:?529<2?@=69CE2DE:C@=2D@B2D2EJ2D5:6=6<DB:< &2A2C:D2C<2A2C:D@B252=29<6>2>AE2?CE2DE<2A2C:D@BE?DE<>6>A6B@=692D2E>6?I:>A2?>E2D2?=:CDB:< -56?82?<2A2C:D2?C:!2B25->E2D2?3652A@D6?C:2=0@=D 6C2B?I2<2A2C:D2C<2A2C:D@B56?82?3292?5:6=6<DB:<5:?I2D2<2?56?82?A6BC2>22?.56?82?.A6B32?5:?82?2?D2B2A6B>:D:F:D2C3292?52?A6B>:D:F:D2CF2<E> %:<2*3E29<2A2C:D@B5:CECE?C6B:36C2B>E2D2?A252C6D:2A<2A2C:D@B252=29C2>2 -D@D--- -652A@D6?C:2=A252E;E?8 E;E?8<2A2C:D@BA6?882?D:C2>256?82?;E>=29D@D2=3652A@D6?C:2=<2A2C:D@B D@D *6C2B<2A2C:D2C<2A2C:D@BA6?882?D:E?DE<*3E29<2A2C:D@BI2?85:CECE?C6B:252=29D@D * %:<2*3E29<2A2C:D@B5:CECE?A2B2=6=36C2B3652A@D6?C:2=A252C6D:2A<2A2C:D@B252=29C2>2 D@D6C2B>E2D2?D@D2=<2A2C:D@BA6?882?D:C2>256?82?36C2B>E2D2?D@D2=<2A2C:D@B -D@D---6C2B<2A2C:D2C<2A2C:D@BA6?882?D:E?DE<*3E29<2A2C:D@BI2?85:CECE?A2B2=6=252=29D@D * 6C2B6?6B8:=:CDB:<I2?8D6BC:>A2?52=2><2A2C:D@B252=29 --

Medan Listrik, Potensial Listrik, dan Kapasitor101Setelah mempelajari bab ini, Anda tentu menjadipaham tentang listrik statis, medan listrik, potensial listrik,energi potensial listrik, kapasitor dan jenis-jenisnya, sertabagaimana cara kapasitor bekerja. Dari semua materipada bab ini, bagian mana yang menurut Anda sulit untukdipahami? Coba Anda diskusikan dengan teman atauguru Fisika Anda.RefleksiPemasangan kapasitor pada sakelar-sakelar listrikyang memiliki daya tinggi dapat menghilangkanterjadinya percikan bunga api. Pemanfaatan ini bergunasekali untuk keamanan. Coba Anda tuliskan manfaat lainpenggunaan kapasitor.9&8&3.786.0>6?:>3E=<2?36BEA2Peta Konsep4@?D@9A6BC2>22?<E2D>652??I2(652?':CDB:<>6?I:>A2?>6?I6323<2?652+@D6?C:2=':CDB:<. ?6B8:+@D6?C:2=':CDB:<,-.(E2D2?.:D:<(E2D2?.6B5:CDB:3EC:M @=2&@?5E<D@BM &2A2C:D@B

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