Halaman
English in Focus
for Grade VIII
Junior High School (SMP/MTs)
Writers
: Artono Wardiman
Masduki B. Jahur
M. Sukirman Djusma
Editors
: Editor Team of Setia Purna Inves
Layouters
: Layouter Team of Setia Purna Inves
Illustrator
: Illustrator Team of Setia Purna Inves
Cover Designer
: Designer Team of Setia Purna Inves
Cover Photos
:
Documentation of Setia Purna Inves
Book Size
: 17.6 × 25 cm
420.07
WAR
WARDIMAN, Artono
e
English in Focus
2 :
for Grade VIII Junior High School (SMP/MTs)/
Artono Wardiman, Masduki B. Jahur, dan M. Sukirman Djusma;
--Ed
1.
--Jakarta: Pusat Perbukuan, Departemen Pendidikan Nasional, 2008.
viii, 176 hlm.: ilus.; 25 cm.
Bibliogra
À
: hlm. 160
Indeks
ISBN 979-
462
-971
-5
1. Bahasa Inggris–Studi dan Pengajaran I. Judul
II. Jahur, Masduki B.
III. Djusma, M. Sukirman
Diterbitkan oleh Pusat Perbukuan
Departemen Pendidikan Nasional
Tahun 2008
Diperbanyak oleh ...
Hak Cipta pada Departemen Pendidikan Nasional
Dilindungi Undang-undang
iii
Kata Sambutan
Puji syukur kami panjatkan ke hadirat Allah SWT, berkat rahmat dan karunia-
Nya, Pemerintah, dalam hal ini, Departemen Pendidikan Nasional, pada tahun 2008,
telah membeli hak cipta buku teks pelajaran ini dari
penulis/
penerbit untuk
disebarluaskan k
epada masyarakat melalui website Jaringan Pendidikan Nasional.
Buku teks pelajaran ini telah dinilai oleh Badan Standar Nasional Pendidikan
dan telah ditetapkan sebagai buku teks pelajaran yang memenuhi syarat kelayakan
untuk digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran melalui Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan
Nasional Nomor
34 Tahun 2008.
Kami menyampaikan penghargaan yang setinggi-tingginya kepada para
p
penulis/p
enerbit yang telah berkenan
mengalihkan hak cipta
karyanya kepada
Departemen
Pendidikan
Nasional
untuk
digunakan
secara luas oleh
siswa dan
guru
di seluruh Indonesia.
Buku-buku teks pelajaran yang telah dialihkan hak ciptanya kepada Departemen
Pendidikan Nasional
ini,
dapat diunduh (down load), digandakan, dicetak,
dialihmediakan, atau difotokopi oleh masyarakat. Namun, untuk penggandaan yang
bersifat komersial harga penjualannya harus memenuhi ketentuan yang ditetapkan
oleh Pemerintah. Diharapkan bahwa buku teks pelajaran ini akan lebih mudah
diakses sehingga
siswa
dan
guru
di seluruh Indonesia maupun sekolah
Indonesia
yang berada di luar negeri dapat memanfaatkan sumber belajar ini.
Kami berharap, semua pihak dapat mendukung kebijakan ini.
kepada para
siswa
kami ucapkan selamat belajar dan manfaatkanlah buku
ini sebaik-baiknya.
Kami
menyadari bahwa buku ini masih
perlu
ditingkatkan
mutunya. Oleh
karena itu, saran dan kritik sangat kami harapkan.
Jakarta,
Juli
2008
Kepala Pusat Perbukuan
iv
Preface
English in Focus for Grade IX
is one of a three-level English textbooks for you,
young learners in junior high school (SMP/MTs). The necessity of English as one of
the foreign languages studied in Indonesian schools, brings this book forward.
The writers have made an effort to develop your ability in English use through
this book. The content of the book is integrated in the four language skills, i.e.
listening, speaking, reading and writing. It aims to build your language, discourse,
sociocultural and strategic competence. All the components help you understand
English and use it as the media of communication.
This book also presents theories as well as activities that are closely familiar to
the students. The activities will explore your creativity and encourage you to use
your language skills in English.
Last but not least, the writers are very grateful to all people who have helped
and given their input, support and encouragement.
We also would like to appreciate PT Setia Purna Inves and the editorial team
that give the support and contribution so that the books can be used by the young
learners in junior high school (SMP/MTs).
Hopefully, this book will help you learn English in communicative way.
Bandung, July 2008
Writers
v
Guide to Read This Book
1.
Chapter Title
displays the title theme of every chapter.
2.
Materials You’re Going to Learn in This
Chapter
mentions main subjects in every
chapter.
3.
Log On
enriches your knowledge. It materials
has taken from the internet in order to
enhance your ability.
4.
New Horizon
enriches you with knowledge related to
the learning material.
5.
Enrich Your Knowledge
relates to the theme of the chapter.
6. Follow Up Activity
gives you an activity to practice some
materials that you have studied.
7.
Grammar Stage
explains grammar which is learned in
every chapter.
8.
Learning Essential
describes the primary subject of the
chapter.
9.
Learning Review
brings to you in the form of questions
that reminds you of some learning
materials.
10.
UN Challenge
challenges you some problems to solve
that are taken from
Ujian Nasional.
11.
Exercise of Chapters
recycles learning materials from the
preceding chapters.
12.
Final Evaluation
reminds you of the materials in each
chapter.
13.
Bibliography
shows you the resources for this book.
14.
Photo Credits
shows you the resources of pictures.
15.
Glossary
consists list of vocabulary to enrich
vocabulary.
16.
Index
helps you
À
nd grammar, expressions,
and author of each chapter.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
vi
Chapter Contents Chart
Kata Sambutan
.................................................................................
iii
Preface ..........................................................................................
iv
Guide to Read This Book ....................................................................
v
Chapter 1 My Favourite Animals and Plants ..............................................
1
Listening
........................................................................................ 2
• Listening to the expressions for admitting and denying a fact ..................... 2
• Listening to the expressions for asking giving and rejecting a help ............... 3
• Listening to a descriptive text .......................................................... 4
Speaking
........................................................................................
8
• Asking, giving, and rejecting help ...................................................... 11
• Admitting and denying a fact ............................................................ 11
• Responding to a descriptive text ........................................................ 13
Reading
.......................................................................................... 15
• Reading a descriptive text ............................................................... 16
• Reading a short functional text in the form of signs ................................. 18
Writing
........................................................................................... 19
• Writing a descriptive text ................................................................ 21
• Writing a short functional text in the form of memo ................................ 23
Learning Essential
............................................................................. 26
Learning Review
............................................................................... 26
Chapter 2 It’s Time for Holidays ............................................................ 27
Listening
.........................................................................................
28
• Listening to the expressions for asking, giving, and rejecting items .............. 28
• Listening to the expressions for asking and giving opinions ........................ 28
• Listening to the expressions for agreement and disagreement .................... 28
• Listening to a descriptive text .......................................................... 31
• Listening to a short functional text in the form of lea
Á
ets ......................... 33
Speaking
........................................................................................ 34
• Asking, giving, and rejecting items ..................................................... 35
• Asking and giving opinions ............................................................... 35
• Expressing agreement and disagreement .............................................. 35
• Responding to a descriptive text ........................................................ 37
• Responding to a short functional text in the form of notes......................... 37
Reading .......................................................................................... 38
• Reading a descriptive text ............................................................... 39
• Reading a short functional text in the form of notices .............................. 41
Writing ........................................................................................... 42
• Writing a descriptive text ................................................................ 44
• Writing a short functional text in the form of postcard ............................. 44
Learning Essential
............................................................................. 46
Learning Review
............................................................................... 46
vii
Chapter 3 Growing Up ........................................................................ 47
Listening
.........................................................................................
48
• Listening to the expressions for accepting, and declining an invitation .......... 48
• Listening to the expressions for congratulations ..................................... 48
• Listening to the expressions for compliment
.......................................... 49
• Listening to a recount text............................................................... 50
• Listening to a short functional text in the form of advertisement ................ 52
Speaking ......................................................................................... 53
• Accepting and declining an invitation .................................................. 54
• Congratulations and Compliment ....................................................... 54
• Responding to a monologue in the form of recount text ............................ 56
• Responding to a short functional text in the form of announcement ............. 57
Reading .......................................................................................... 59
• Reading a recount text ................................................................... 60
• Reading a short functional text of school’s regulation .............................. 64
Writing ........................................................................................... 65
• Writing a recount text .................................................................... 66
• Writing a short functional text in the form of timetable............................ 67
Learning Essential
............................................................................. 70
Learning Review
............................................................................... 70
Exercise of Chapters 1–3 .................................................................... 71
Chapter 4
A Friend in Need Is a Friend Indeed .......................................... 75
Listening
........................................................................................
76
• Listening to the expressions for asking, giving, and declining opinions........... 76
• Listening to the expressions for asking, offering, giving, and rejecting things
or something ............................................................................... 78
• Listening to a narrative text ............................................................. 79
Speaking ......................................................................................... 81
• Asking, giving, and declining opinions ................................................. 83
• Asking and giving agreement ............................................................ 85
• Asking, giving, and rejecting help ...................................................... 86
• Asking, offering, giving, and rejecting an item ....................................... 86
• Responding to a statement............................................................... 87
• Responding to a narrative text .......................................................... 88
• Responding to a short functional text in the form of brochure .................... 89
Reading .......................................................................................... 91
• Reading aloud a narrative text .......................................................... 92
• Identifying characteristics of a narrative text ........................................ 92
Writing ........................................................................................... 96
• Writing a narrative text .................................................................. 98
• Writing characteristics of a narrative text ............................................ 98
Learning Essential
............................................................................. 102
Learning Review
............................................................................... 102
viii
Chapter 5 Personal Experience ............................................................. 103
Listening
.........................................................................................
104
• Listening to the expressions for starting, extending, and ending a conversation
on the phone ............................................................................... 104
• Listening to the expressions for giving attention to the speaker .................. 104
• Listening to a recount text............................................................... 106
• Listening to a short functional text in the form of diary ............................ 107
Speaking ......................................................................................... 109
• Responding to a recount text ............................................................ 111
• Starting, extending, and ending a conversation on the phone ..................... 112
• Giving attention to the speaker ......................................................... 112
Reading .......................................................................................... 114
• Reading aloud a recount text ............................................................ 115
• Identifying characteristic of a recount text ........................................... 116
Writing ........................................................................................... 119
• Writing a recount text .................................................................... 121
• Writing a short functional text in the form of letter ................................ 122
Learning Essential
............................................................................. 124
Learning Review
............................................................................... 124
Chapter 6 Share Your Story .................................................................. 125
Listening
.........................................................................................
126
• Listening to the expressions for asking, giving, and denying information ........ 126
• Listening to the expressions for starting, extending, and ending a conversation ... 126
• Listening to the narrative texts ......................................................... 127
Speaking ......................................................................................... 129
• Asking, giving, and denying information ............................................... 130
• Starting, extending, and ending a conversation ...................................... 133
• Responding to narrative monologue .................................................... 134
• Retelling stories ........................................................................... 134
Reading .......................................................................................... 135
• Reading narrative texts ................................................................... 135
• Identifying characteristics of narrative texts ......................................... 136
• Reading an advertisement
............................................................... 138
Writing ........................................................................................... 140
• Writing a narrative text .................................................................. 143
• Writing a short functional text in the form of weather chart ...................... 144
Learning Essential
............................................................................. 148
Learning Review
............................................................................... 148
Exercise of Chapters 4–6 .................................................................... 149
Final Evaluation
................................................................................ 153
Bibliography .................................................................................... 160
Photo Credits ................................................................................... 161
Glossary ......................................................................................... 163
Index ............................................................................................. 167
Listening Script ................................................................................ 169
Answer Key ..................................................................................... 172
1
My Favourite Animals
and Plants
S
o
u
r
c
e
:
P
u
b
li
s
h
e
r
'
s
D
o
c
u
m
e
n
t
a
t
i
o
n
Chapter
1
Things You Are Going to Learn in This Chapter
Things You Are Going to Learn in This Chapter
Materials You Are Going to Learn in This Chapter
Listening
• Listening to the expressions for admitting and denying a fact
• Listening to the expressions for asking, giving, and rejecting a help
• Listening to a descriptive text
Speaking
• Asking, giving, and rejecting help
• Admitting and denying a fact
• Responding to a descriptive text
Reading
• Reading a descriptive text
• Reading a short functional text in the form of signs
Writing
• Writing a descriptive text
• Writing a short functional text in the form of memo
2
English in Focus
for Grade VIII
Answer the following questions.
1. Do you have any plants at home?
2. If yes, what kind of plants do you have?
3. How do you take care of plants?
While listening, complete the dialogue.
Father : Rian, don’t
1
to water the plants. They
will die if you do not
2
them
3
a
day.
Rian : Okay, Dad. I won’t forget.
The next day, Rian forgets to water the plants. Then two days
later...
Father : Rian, the plants are
4
. I’ve told you to
water them. Did you water them yesterday?
Rian : Ummm.... Yes, I did.
Father : But, why are the plants dead now? Don’t
5
to me.
Rian : I don’t lie, Dad.
Father : Lying is a bad habit, isn’t it? Now
6
me.
Did you water the plants yesterday?
Rian : Actually.... I forgot, Dad.
Father : So you didn’t water the plants.
Rian : No, I didn’t. I’m
7
. I
8
I won’t
forget next time.
Father : Promise me you won’t lie next time.
Rian : I promise.
Practice
1
Practice
2
In this section, you will learn how to:
• listen to the expressions for admitting and denying a fact;
• listen to the expressions for asking, giving, and rejecting help;
• listen to a descriptive text.
After learning the lesson in this section, you are expected to be able to:
• identify and respond to expressions for admitting and denying a fact;
• identify and respond to expressions for asking, giving, and rejecting a help;
• identify and respond to expressions for describing about animals and plants;
• identify and give responses to a descriptive text.
Listening
3
My Favourite Animals and Plants
sorry
lie
forget
twice
water
tell
dead
promise
Answer the following questions.
1. Do you like
Á
owers?
2. If yes, what is your favourite one?
3. Can you state
À
ve kinds of
Á
ower?
Work with your partner. Check the words that you
À
ll in the Practice 2 by looking through the box
below.
Practice
3
Look at the dialogue in Practice 2. You are going to
listen to the dialogue again. Check your answers.
Practice
4
Practice
5
Listen to your teacher reading the following
dialogue.
Andi is visiting his classmate Nila. At this time, Nila is in the
backyard of her house.
Andi : Hi, Nila.
Nila : Hi, Andi.
Andi : What are you doing?
Nila : Well. I’m planting a rose now. Can you help me
get the
Á
ower pot over there, please?
Andi : Yes, of course.
Andi takes the
Á
ower pot and gives it to Nila.
Andi : Here you are.
Nila : Thank you, Andi.
Andi : You’re welcome. These
Á
owers are beautiful.
Are they all yours?
Nila : Yes. My mother bought them for me.
Andi : Oh, I see. By the way, would you like me to water
the
Á
owers?
Nila : No, thanks. You don’t have to.
Practice
6
4
English in Focus
for Grade VIII
Look again at the dialogue in Practice 6, and then
answer the following questions.
1. Which sentence in the dialogue indicates a request?
2. Can you give other expressions a request? State
them!
Source
:
CD Images
There are
1
growing in my garden. I like them
very much. The
Á
owers are
2
but there are lots of
them. The
3
is
4
just like
5
. My favorite
thing about
Á
owers is the smell. Jasmine
6
very
good.
1. What kind of
Á
ower is it?
2. What is the color of the
Á
ower?
3. Does it smell good?
Work with your partner. Answer the following
questions based on the dialogue.
1. What
Á
ower is being planted by Nila?
2. Do all of the
Á
owers belong to Nila?
3. What does Nila ask Andi to do?
Practice
7
Practice
8
Look at the picture. Then, answer the following
questions.
Practice
9
Listen to the text from the tape. Then, complete
the text.
Practice
10
5
My Favourite Animals and Plants
1. Do you have a pet?
2. What kind of pet do you have?
3. What kind of food do you give to your pet?
4. What does your pet like to do?
5. Describe your pet.
Source
:
CD Images
I Have a Cat
Spot is a regular house cat. He is an adorable cat.
He has orange fur with white and black spots. I like to
cuddle him because his fur feels soft. Every morning I
give Spot milk. Spot does not like rice, so I give him cat
food. Spot is an active animal. He likes to run around
the house. He likes to chase everyone in my house.
When he feels tired or sleepy, Spot usually sleeps on
the sofa in the living room or sometimes under the
table.
Answer the following questions.
Practice
11
Horizon
New
Why do Cats Meow?
Cats have 4 different
meanings for “meow”.
If you listen carefully, you
can hear that each meow is
different.
• I’m hungry!
• I want to go out!
• Help!
• I want attention!
Source
:
www.breeders-choice.com
Listen to your teacher reading the following
text carefully. Then,
À
nd the meanings of the
underlined words in Indonesian. Use your dictionary
if necessary.
Practice
12
F
ollow-up
Activity
Plant a
Á
ower in front of your house. Before deciding what
kind of
Á
ower you will plant, you should
À
nd out how
to take care of it. Observe the growth of the
Á
ower. After
several days or weeks, compare its growth with your
friend’s
Á
owers.
6
English in Focus
for Grade VIII
Answer the following questions based on the text
in Practice 12.
1. What kind of animal is Spot?
2. What does Spot look like?
3. What is Spot’s fur like?
4. What food does Spot have every morning?
5. What kind of food does Spot like?
6. What does Spot like to do?
7. Where does Spot usually sleep?
Decide whether the following statements are true
(T) or false (F) based on the text.
1. Spot is a dog.
2. Spot lives inside house.
3. Spot is an adorable animal.
4. Spot’s fur is white with black and orange spots.
5. Spot likes to drink water every morning.
6. Spot likes to eat cat food.
7. Spot doesn’t like to move around.
8. When Spot is tired or sleepy, he likes to sleep under
the chair.
1. pet animal
/
pet
ˈænɪml
/
a. passive
/
ˈ
p
æsɪv
/
2. regular
/
ˈregjʊ
l
ɘ
(
r
)/
b. wild animal
/
wa
ɪ
l
d ˈænɪml
/
3. fat
/
fæt
/
c. thin
/
θ
ɪ
n
/
4. soft
/
s
ɒ
ft
/
d. hard
/
hɑ:d
/
5. active
/
ˈ
ækt
ɪv
/
e. irregular
/
ɪˈregjʊ
l
ɘ
(
r
)/
Words
Antonyms
Practice
13
Practice
14
Match the words with their antonyms.
Practice
15
Pronounce It!
1. pet : /
pet
/
2.
spot
:
/spɒt/
3.
cuddle
:
/ˈ
k
ʌdl/
4. soft
:
/sɒft/
5. fur
:
/fɜ:/
6. chase
:
/tʃeɪs/
7. tired
:
/ˈtaɪəd/
8. sleepy
:
/sli:pɪ/
7
My Favourite Animals and Plants
Source
:
CD Image
Source
:
CD Image
Watermelon
•
1
• Colors are red or yellow
• Flesh is soft, juicy, and
sweet
•
2
• Can be found locally
• Small and round
•
3
• Flesh is crunchy and sour
•
4
• Has to be imported from
other countries
• Known as Malang Apple
Green Apple
Practice
16
Pay attention to the pictures and listen to the
notes form the tape.
Practice
17
Choose the appropriate words to complete these
sentences.
1. I feel very (sleepy/active). I think I have to lie
down.
2. You have to take care of your (pet/wild animal).
3. My pet likes to eat so it is very (thin/fat).
4. The carpet in my bedroom is very (soft/rough). So,
it makes me comfortable.
5. The dog (walk/runs) to chase the cat.
6. My fat cat is not an (active/passive) animal.
7. There is nothing special about my pet. It is a
(regular/irregular) house cat.
8
English in Focus
for Grade VIII
What does
a giraffe look like?
Hmm. It’s
1
with
2
spots and it’s
very
3
you know.
How about its legs?
The legs are very
4
and
5
.
Complete the dialogue with suitable adjectives
provided in the box. Then practise with your
friend.
Practice
1
Source
Size
Price
Flesh
Taste
Watermelon
Green apple
1
big
3
soft
5
imported
2
expensive
4
sour
Fill in the blanks below with the information given
in Practice 17.
Practice
18
In this section, you will learn how to:
• use the expressions for asking, giving, and rejecting a help;
• use the expressions for admitting and denying a fact;
• retell a descriptive text.
After learning the lesson in this section, you are expected to be able to:
•
practise how to ask, give, respond and reject help;
•
practise how to admit and deny a fact;
• practise how to retell a descriptive text.
Speaking
9
My Favourite Animals and Plants
Yeah, the smell.
It smells pretty
9
.
Anything else?
Answer the following questions orally.
1. Your friend wants you to describe your pet. How do
you describe it?
2. Your friend doesn’t know about the jasmine
Á
ower.
She wants you to describe it. How do you describe it?
3. What do you usually say to describe things?
tall
pale brown
strong
yellow
black
big
red
bad
long
Practice
2
Role play
Act the following dialogue with your friend.
Practice
3
Rudy : Hi, Dedy. How are you today?
Dedy : Hi, Rudy. Fine, and a bit excited.
Rudy : Are you? Excited about what?
Dedy : Well, my pet cat has had kittens. They’re cute,
small, and very adorable. Oh you should have
seen them.
Rudy : Sure, I’d love to!
What does a
Raf
Á
esia look like?
Let me see, it’s a
very
6
Á
ower. The
colors are
7
and
8
.
10
English in Focus
for Grade VIII
It has a train of dazzling
feathers.
An ancient animal with
huge size
Source
:
CD Image
2
4
1
The king of the jungle. Tigers
are strong swimmers.
3
The Komodo monitor
from Komodo Island
Describe these things orally.
Practice
5
Study the following expressions.
Practice
4
It is a cat. It is very cute and cuddly. It has white and
black fur. Its tail is long with white stripes.
Source
:
CD Image
11
My Favourite Animals and Plants
Horizon
New
Raf
Á
esia, (or stinging
corpe lily) any of group
of parasitic plants
without stems, native to
Malaysia, Indonesia, and
Thailand. There are 14
species, several of which
are endangered by the
destruction of the forests
where they grow. The
fruits is used locally for
medicine. The largest
Á
owers in the world are
produced by
R. arnoldiana
.
About 1 m or 3 ft across,
they exude a small or
rotting
Á
ies to pollinate
them.
Source
:
The Hutcinson
Encyclopedia
, 2001
Role play
Read the following dialogues. Fill in the blanks.
Then, act them with your friends.
Practice
6
Dialogue 1
Nina : Niko, can you do me a favour, please?
Niko : Of course, what can I do for you?
Nina : Would you be so kind as to take care of my cat.
I’m going to Bogor tomorrow to visit my uncle,
he is sick. I’ll be there for about two days.
Niko : I’d be very happy to take care of your cat. I love
cats.
Nina : Great. Thanks.
Niko : Should I bathe it?
Nina : No, it’s not necessary.
Dialogue 2
Baron and Jaja are visiting the Bogor Botanical Garden
.
Jaja
wants to see the Raf
Á
esia
Á
ower
.
Jaja
: I’ve never seen a Raf
Á
esia
Á
ower.
Baron : You’ll be surprised when you see it?
Jaja
: Why? Is it beautiful?
Baron :
1
.
Jaja
: Does it smell good!
Baron : Yes, it smells very good.
Jaja
: I can’t wait to see it.
After a few minutes, they arrive at the Raf
Á
esia
Á
ower place.
Jaja :
2
?
Baron : What smell? I don’t smell anything. Anyway,
that is the Raf
Á
esia
Á
ower. (pointing at the
Raf
Á
esia
Á
ower)
Jaja
: Wow, it is beautiful.
Baron : Just like I said, right?
Jaja
: Yes. But I still smell something. The smell is
stronger now. I wonder .... Ron, you said a
Raf
Á
esia
Á
ower smells good, didn’t you?
Baron :
3
.
Jaja
: Yes, you did. You lied to me. This
Á
ower
doesn’t smell good at all. It smells very bad.
Baron : Yes, it does. I lied to you.
Jaja
: Now you admit it.
Baron :
4
. I was just trying to give you a
surprise for you.
12
English in Focus
for Grade VIII
Before you read the following text, answer the
questions.
1. Do you like gardening?
2. Do you have a garden in your yard?
3. Mention one famous garden in your country.
Practice
9
Go outside the classroom and
À
nd some animals or
plants. Make descriptions about them. Then, read
them in front of the class.
Practice
8
Work with your partner to answer the
questions.
1. What is Nina asking Niko to do?
2. Where will Nina go tomorrow?
3. Why is Nina going there?
4. What kind of
Á
ower do Baron and Jaja want to see?
5. Has Jaja seen that kind of
Á
ower before?
6. Does the
Á
ower smell good?
Practice
7
Speech Act
To ask for someone’s help, you could use these
expressions:
•
Can you help me, ...?
•
Please, help me.
•
Can you do me a favour, please?
•
Would you be so kind as to ...?
To give help to someone, you could use these
expressions:
•
Let me give you a hand.
•
Here, I’ll do it for you.
•
May I help you with ..., Sir/Ma’am?
To reject someone’s help, you could use these
expressions:
•
No, it’s not necessary.
•
Thank you for offering, but ....
To admit a fact, you could use these expressions:
•
Yes, I admit it.
•
Yes, I did ....
•
Yes, it’s true.
To deny a fact, you could use these expressions:
•
I’m not lying, Dad. (actually you lie).
•
No, I didn’t say that. (actually you said it).
• The
Á
ower smells good. (actually the
Á
ower smells
bad)
Informal
Informal
Formal
(to older people or
a stranger)
Formal
(to older people or
a stranger)
13
My Favourite Animals and Plants
Source
:
Microsoft Encarta Library Reference
,
2008
Source
:
CD Images
Read the following text.
Mr Warsidi has a garden in his yard, and he likes
to work there. He says it is fun. Today he is planting
Á
owers in the garden. There is also an old mango tree
in the yard. He always cut the leaves and the branches
in taking care of it. He said that the
Á
owers must get
more sun. Mr Warsidi often involves his children
to take care together of the garden. So they will
understand how to take care their environment. Many
people tell Mr Warsidi how beautiful his garden is.
Work with your partner to answer the following
questions based on the text.
1. What is Mr Warsidi’s hobby?
2. What is he planting in the garden today?
3. What tree does he always cut its leaves and
branches?
4. Why does he always cut them?
5. What do many people think about his garden?
2
4
1
Source
:
The World Book Encyclopedia
, 2007
3
Source
:
Microsoft Encarta Library Reference
,
2008
A Raf
Á
esia
Á
ower at the
Bogor Botanical Garden.
A rose in your garden.
An orchid in your garden.
A lotus in your pond.
Practice
10
Practice
11
Role play
Describe these things orally.
Practice
12
14
English in Focus
for Grade VIII
Simple Present Tense
:
Be and Have
Note
Be
and
have
are irregular in the simple present tense.
Singular
Be
I
am
you are
he/she/it
is
Singular
Have
I have
you have
he/she/it
has
Plural
Be
we/you/they are
Plural Have
we/you/they have
Grammar
Stage
Study the following examples:
•
The color of the feather
is
light brown.
• Birds
are
beautiful.
•
A sea eagle
has
a strong and sharp yellowish beak.
• Eagles
have
many sizes, shapes, and colors.
Simple Present Tense: Regular Verbs.
Study the following examples:
•
The bird
Á
ies easily.
•
I like peacocks very much.
•
The simple present tense is used to describe regular actions or
things that are generally true.
•
For third person singular (he/she/it + verb), add -
s/
-
es
to the
base form of most verbs.
Examples
:
1. A d d
-es
to the base form if the verb ends in
-s
,
-sh
,
-ch
, or
-x
and for the verbs
go
and
do.
do
does
miss
misses
À
x
À
xes
go
goes
watch
watches
2. Change
-y
into
-i
and then add
-es
if the base form ends in
consonant
-
y
.
study
studies try
tries
But do not change -
y
to
-i
if the base form ends in -
ay
, -
ey
, -
oy
, -
uy
.
stay
stays
deploy
deploys
obey
obeys
buy
buys
•
We use
do
/
does
to make question and negative sentences.
15
My Favourite Animals and Plants
Read the following dialogue.
Restu and Roni are in a zoo, looking at some birds in the cages
.
Roni : What’s so special about birds? Tell me about
them.
Restu : Of course, most birds can
Á
y.
Roni : Do you know birds that can’t
Á
y?
Restu : Hmm, ostriches, emus, and the bird from Papua
... what’s its name?
Roni : Oh, cassowary, right?
Restu : Yeah, that’s right. Why are you asking? Do you
like birds too?
Roni : Sure, birds are beautiful. I like peacocks very
much.
Restu :
Peacocks? With their fanlike tails, right? I like them
too.
Practice
2
Before you read the text, answer the following
questions.
Source
:
CD Image
1. What is in the picture?
2. Is it a tropical bird?
3. What is the shape of its beak?
4. Can this kind of bird be trained to imitate human
speech?
5. What is special about this bird?
Practice
1
Check these web sites to
get information about
animal, plant, or natural
life:
www.wwf.or.id
www.panda.org
Log On
In this section, you will learn how to:
• read a descriptive text;
• read a short functional text in the form of sign.
After learning the lesson in this section, you are expected to be able to:
• read and understand a descriptive text correctly;
• read and understand a short functional text in the form of sign
.
Reading
16
English in Focus
for Grade VIII
Read the text carefully.
Practice
3
Characteristics of Descriptive Text
•
A descriptive text
is a text that describes the features
of someone, something, or a certain place.
•
Introduction
is the part of the paragraph that
introduces the character.
Example :
Paragraph 1 in Sea Eagle text.
•
Description
is the part of the paragraph that
describes the character.
Example :
The color of its feathers is light brown. It has
a strong and sharp yellowish beak.
Note
The Sea Eagle
There is an eagle nesting
on the tree top near my grand-
parent’s house in Pangandaran.
It was a sea eagle.
The color of its feathers
is light brown. It has a strong
and sharp yellowish beak.
Its claws are very sharp. It
hunts for
À
sh in the sea but
sometimes it hunts chickens
and small birds.
Eagles have many sizes, shapes, and colors, but
the sea eagle is easy to recognise because it has a
strong a streamlined, sharp beak and a stream-line
body.
Its forelimbs (or arms) serve as wings. This means
that they are of little use for anything except
Á
ying.
It walks on two legs and has a very
Á
exible neck and
strong beak to handle foods, to care for its feathers,
and for many other jobs that non-
Á
ying animals do
with paws, claws, or hands on their forelimbs.
Source
:
CD Image
introduction
description
Horizon
New
Cockatoos are
extremely affectionate,
their feathers are very soft.
They are real intelligent
and very inquisitive birds!
Cockatoos love to show
off and make comical
displays with outspread
wings, head bobbing,
dancing and loud calls.
They are very active
and curious about their
environment.
The term “cockatoo”
is a Malaysian word
thought to have possibly
two meanings, “pincher”
or “old father”.
Source
:
www.indoforum.org
Cockatoos
17
My Favourite Animals and Plants
Answer the following questions based on the text
in Practice 3.
1. What do you know about eagles?
2. Why is the sea eagle easy to recognise?
3. What do you think of its
Á
ying? Is it easy or hard to do?
4. What do the forelimbs of an sea eagle do?
5. What are the sea eagle’s neck and beak like?
Practice
4
Find the meanings of these words in Indonesian.
Use the dictionary to help you.
1. mushroom (n)
2. eel (n)
3. orchid (n)
4. caterpillar (n)
5. toad
(n)
6. eagle (n)
7. cockatoo
(n)
8. owl (n)
9. raven (n)
10. shark (n)
Practice
5
Put the words in Practice 5 into these sentences.
1. A
grows into a beautiful butter
Á
y.
2. The
lives in a land but breeds in water.
3. The
usually grows in a dead tree.
4. The
is a predator bird. It hunts for
À
sh or
chickens.
5. A
is a bird that can imitate words.
6. An
is a very beautiful
Á
ower.
7. The sound of a
is very annoying.
8. There is a big
À
sh called a
living in the
sea.
9. I see an
in that tree.
10. An
is a snake-like animal that lives in the
mud.
Practice
6
18
English in Focus
for Grade VIII
1. Where can you
À
nd the sign?
2. Why are we prohibited to feed the animal?
DO NOT
FEED
THE ANIMAL
Find words which have the same meanings as the
following. Then,
À
ll in the boxes with those words
according to their numbers.
1. smooth, gentle
2. move,
Á
oat
3. develop,
Á
ourish
4. green, plant
5. mouth
6. take, swallow
7. arms,
Á
y
8. animals,
Á
y
9. fur, coverings
10. color, coal
11. tissue, nerve
12. egg, place
13. foot, sharp
Practice
7
Practice
8
Look at the sign below and then answer the
questions.
1
2
3
4
5
F
L
O
R
A
O
Y
G
S
B
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
A
N
D
F
A
U
N
A
T
I
I
R
K
S
T
S
19
My Favourite Animals and Plants
Answer these questions.
1. Have you ever written the description of a beautiful
Á
ower?
2. What do you usually have in a descriptive text?
Practice
1
Practice
9
Discuss the following sign with your friend. Where
do you usually
À
nd this sign? What is the meaning?
Etc.
Answer the following question by choosing a, b, c or d
based on the text.
Mrs Abdurrahman is a doctor. She has a sharp nose,
wavy hair and creamy yellow skin. Mrs Abdurrahman is
tall, slim and beautiful. Mrs Abdurrahman works in a big
hospital in the city. She works from at eight o'clock in the
morning until
À
ve at noon. Everyone likes her.
1. What time does Mrs Abdurrahman begin to work?
a. At 5.00.
c.
At 8.00.
b. At 7.00.
d. At 9.00.
2. Mrs Abdurrahman is a
doctor.
a. lazy c. proud
b. kind d. clever
Taken from
Ujian Nasional Bahasa Inggris
, 2004
UN
Challenge
In this section, you will learn how to:
• write a descriptive text;
• write a short functional text.
After learning the lesson in this section, you are expected to be able to:
• write a descriptive text correctly;
• write a short functional text correctly.
Writing
20
English in Focus
for Grade VIII
What do you think
of this Raf
Á
esia?
I think it’s big.
I think lions are
bigger than cheetahs.
Yes, that’s right.
What do you think
of lions compared to
cheetahs?
But cheetahs run
faster than lions.
Read the following dialogues.
Practice
2
Read aloud the following descriptive text.
Bongo the Orangutan
Source
:
www.omepage.mac.com
There is an orangutan in the Bandung zoo. People
call her Bongo. She comes from a dense forest on the
island of Kalimantan.
Practice
3
identi
À
cation
21
My Favourite Animals and Plants
Read the text in Practice 3 again, then
À
ll in the
table with some data from the text.
Practice
4
Write a description for each of the following
pictures (animal and plant). Use the words given
next to the pictures. These guiding questions will
help you to make good descriptions.
1. What is the name of the animal or plant?
2. Where does it live?
3. What are the physical features?
• Its legs and arms
• Its color
• Its fur or feather s
4. What is the unique about it?
Practice
5
She has physical features similar to a human.
Bongo has brownish fur, and walks with two feet.
Bongo is almost as big as a human. She is a mammal,
that means she gives birth to her children and breast
feeds them.
• City Park
• Netherlands
• plant
• beautiful
• yellow, red, purple
1
2
• Sydney Zoo
• mammal
• Australia
• brown fur
• jumps with two legs
• has a pouch
Kind of Animals
Origin
Description
description
22
English in Focus
for Grade VIII
Source
:
CD Image
• lives in Papua and Irian Jaya
• Cendrawasih or bird of
paradise
• has colorful feathers
• has a large terminal
in
Á
orescence of white
Á
owers
3
• has a heady perfume
• called garland
Á
owers or
butter
Á
y lilies
•
the most commonly
cultivated ginger in
Indonesia
4
Source
:
Indonesian Heritage,
1996
Practice
6
Memo
Mom, I borrowed your clutch bag.
The one with black suede colour and
two side pockets. I need it for Bima’s
birthday party tonight.
Thank you so much!
Putri
1. Where is Putri going?
2. Which bag did Putri borrow from her mother?
Describe.
Look at the memo below then answer the
questions.
Practice
7
Work with your partner. Choose one of the
following topics. Write a complete description
based on the topic.
1. A gorilla at a zoo named King-Kong.
2. A parrot at a circus named Polly.
3. A dog a movie named Rin Tin-tin.
4. A chimpanzee in a movie entitled MVP.
23
My Favourite Animals and Plants
Write your own note.
Practice
9
Memo
Uncle Coky, I ....
Thank you so much!
Pendi
Complete the following memo based on the given
situation.
Practice
8
Enrich Your
Knowledge
A. Here is a song about parts of plants. Try to sing it with your
friends. While you are singing, point to the parts of the plant in
the picture.
Parts of My Plant
Sung to: “
Head, Shoulders, Knees and Toes
”
Do you know parts of my plant, parts of plant
?
Do you know parts of my plant, parts of plant
?
Kinds of plant that grow and grow and grow
Do you know parts of my plant, parts of plant
?
The roots hold the plant in place, plant in place.
The roots hold the plant in place, plant in place.
The roots store food and water too.
The roots hold the plant in place, plant in place.
You borrow your uncle’s shoes for playing football.
Describe the shoes.
24
English in Focus
for Grade VIII
B. Here is a map of Indonesia and some names of animals living
in Indonesia. Put the names of the animals on the islands where
they live.
Source
:
ppvt.setjen.deptan.go.id
The stem moves water up the plant, up the plant.
The stem moves water up the plant, up the plant.
The stem brings water to the leaves.
The stem moves water up the plant, up the plant.
The leaves soak up the sun, soak up the sun.
The leaves soak up the sun, soak up the sun.
The sun helps the plant to grow and grow and grow.
The leaves soak up the sun, soak up the sun.
The
Á
ower grows into a fruit, into a fruit.
The
Á
ower grows into a fruit, into a fruit.
Inside the fruit are little, tiny seeds.
The
Á
ower grows into a fruit, into a fruit.
Source
:
www. preschool education.com
Answer the questions based on the song.
1. Could you name the parts of the plant?
2. What are the functions of each part of the plants?
3. What are needed by the plants to grow?
Fauna:
• orangutan • tree kangaroo
• tiger • wild buffalo
•
komodo dragon
•
black bear
• rhinoceros • cassowary
•
bird of paradise
•
anoa
• elephant
25
My Favourite Animals and Plants
Complete the sentences by using the positive or
the comparative degree.
1. Toni and Rendi are the same age.
It means Toni is
Rendi.
2. Lia is 15 years old. Keni is 17 years old.
It means Lia is
Keni or Keni is
Lia.
3. This shirt is Rp. 30,000. That shirt is Rp. 35,000.
It means this shirt is
that shirt.
4. Duta is 75 kg in weight. Hamim is 75 kg in weight.
It means Duta is
Hamim.
5. Joko is 1,75 metres tall. Daeng is 1,75 metres tall.
It means Joko is
Daeng.
Practice
10
Observe the following sentences.
•
I think the rhinoceros is as big as the hippopotamus. But the
elephant is bigger.
•
A saguaro cactus is as tall as a house.
•
A sun
Á
ower is not as big as a raf
Á
esia.
•
A crocodile has the same shape as an alligator.
•
An eagle is different from a condor.
Grammar
Stage
Note
We use the
positive degree of adjectives
when no comparison is
involved; e.g.,
as ... as
so ... as
the same ... as
different from
We use the
comparative degree of adjectives
when comparing
two objects, persons, or ideas; e.g., bigger, taller, higher.
26
English in Focus
for Grade VIII
L
earning Review
After studying all subjects in this chapter, answer the
following questions.
1. What have you learnt in this chapter?
1. What will you say to somebody to ask for help?
2. What do you say when you are willing to help your
friends?
3. What will you say if you do not want someone to help
you?
4. What do you say to admit something?
5. What will you say if you want to deny something?
If you
À
nd some dif
À
culties while answering the questions,
you can learn the subjects once more or you may consult
your teache
r.
•
Language Function
ʇ
Asking and offering for help
-
Can you help me to get ...?
-
Would you like me to help you?
ʇ
Describing the physical features
- The
Á
owers are red and smell good
-
The cat is very cute and cuddly. It has white and black fur
•
Genre of text: Descriptive
ʇ
Social function : To describe a particular person, place, or thing.
ʇ
Generic structure:
- identi
À
cation: identi
À
es phenomenon to be described
- description: identi
À
es phenomenon to be described
Spot is a regular house cat. He is quite fat, ve ry
Á
uffy, and adorable.
He has orange fur with white and black spots
....
• Grammar:
ʇ
Simple Present Tense
Example:
- The bird
Á
ies
easily.
- I
like
peacocks very much.
ʇ
Comparative Degree
Example:
- A sun
Á
ower is not
as big as
a Raf
Á
esia.
- An eagle
is different from
a condor.
Learning Essential