Fisika · Bab 5 Dinamika Gerak

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24/08/2021 14:18:42

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Bab 1 Pengukuran dan Besaran Bab 2 vector Bab 3 Gerak Lurus Bab 4 Gerak Melingkar Bab 5 Dinamika Gerak Bab 6 Cahaya dan Optika Bab 7 Kalor Bab 8 Listrik Dinamis Bab 9 Gelombang Elektromagnetik

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83A. GayaMemengaruhiGerak BendaB. PenerapanHukum NewtonDinamika Gerak%6D:<2>6?56<2D:82B:C$(A6=2B:2<2?>6>A6B46A2D=2B:?H2 ,6D6=29>6=6G2D:82B:C$(5:22<2?>6>A6B=2>32D=2B:?H2 A2<29H2?8>6>A6B46A2D52?>6>A6B=2>32D86B2<A6=2B:D6BC63ED:,'*?52D6=29>6>A6=2;2B:86B2<52?9E<E>9E<E>(6GD@?D6?D2?886B2< 2=2><69:5EA2?C692B:92B:?52D:52<A6B?29D6B=6A2C52B:86B2< ,6@B2?82?2<36B=2B:>6?86;2B3@=2?5236B;2=2?<6C6<@=2952?3EC36B86B2<>6?:?882=<2?D6B>:?2=>6BEA2<2?3636B2A24@?D@986B2< A2<29C636?2B?H2H2?8>6?H6323<2?36?5236B86B2<>2D:=2936?5236?5236B86B2<5:C6<:D2B?52>:C2=?H2>@3:=C6A652>@D@B52?36?52H2?836B2HE?A252C6ED2CD2=: 282:>2?2<29 :C:<2>6?;6=2C<2?D6B;25:?H286B2<?522<2?>6>292>:?H2C6D6=29>6>A6=2;2B:323:?: menerapkan Hukum Newton sebagai prinsip dasar dinamika untuk gerak lurus,gerak vertikal, dan gerak melingkar beraturan.Setelah mempelajari bab ini, Anda harus mampu:menerapkan konsep dan prinsip dasar kinematika dan dinamika benda titik.Hasil yang harus Anda capai:Setelah melewati garis finish, pelari memperlambat laju larinya.Bab5Sumber: Bergulir dan Mengalir,2004

84Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XA. Gaya Memengaruhi Gerak Benda*25223?52D6=29>6>A6=2;2B:86B2<CE2DE36?52D2?A2>6=:92D2A2H2?8>6?H6323<2?86B2<36?52D6BC63ED ,E3323:?:2<2?>6>3292CA6?H632352B:86B2< *252AB:?C:A?H2H2?8>6>6?82BE9:86B2<CE2DE36?52252=2982H2 2=2>:=>E :C:<282H2>6BEA2<2?<@?C6AH2?8C2?82DA6?D:?8 523636B2A2>242>82H2H2?8C6B:?85:;E>A2:>:C2=?H282H236B2D82H2@D@D52?82H2A682C "E3E?82?2?D2B286B2<36?5256?82?82H2H2?8>6>6?82BE9:36?52D6BC63ED5:3292C5:52=2>9E<E>9E<E>(6GD@?D6?D2?886B2< 1.Hukum I Newton,6D:2A36?52>6>:=:<:<646?56BE?82?E?DE<>6>A6BD292?<2?<65E5E<2??H2 ,63E29 36?52 52=2> <62522? 5:2> >6>:=:<:<646?56BE?82?E?DE<D6D2A5:2> ,632=:<?H236?5252=2><62522?36B86B2<>6>:=:<:<646?56BE?82?E?DE<D6D2A36B86B2< ,:72DC6A6BD::?:5:?2>2<2?() !"##$2D2E$'(,:72D<6=6>32>2?52A2D?52B2C2<2?<6D:<2?5236B2525: 52=2><6?52B22?H2?8C652?836B86B2<<6>E5:2?C642B2D:32D:32<6?52B22?D6BC63ED5:B6>C69:?882?52D6B5@B@?8<656A2? "2=:?:D6B;25:<2B6?2C636=E>A6?86B6>2??5252=2><62522?36B86B2<<656A2?56?82?<646A2D2?C2>256?82?<6?52B22?C69:?882<6D:<25:B6>?52D6B5@B@?8<656A2?<2B6?2?52>6>:=:<:<646?56BE?82?E?DE<D6D2A36B86B2< A2H2?82<2??522=2>:<6D:<2<6?52B22?>E=2:36B86B2<<6>32=:'6?82A256>:<:2?,:72D<6=6>32>2?36?525:E?8<2A<2?@=690 "$41-,C63282:"E<E>#(6GD@? "E<E>#(6GD@?>6?H2D2<2?329G2 ! '(*")$.. .$ !' & $ (# $$ $%"#! $)'(*) !$ ))& # )* ''! "*'*( $$ !&)$ !%$()$Aktivitas Fisika 5.1KelembamanTujuan PercobaanMengamati sifat kelembaman bendaAlat-Alat Percobaan1.Selembar kertas2.Gelas3.Uang logamLangkah-Langkah Percobaan1.Letakkan selembar kertas di permukaan sebuah gelas, kemudian di atas kertastersebut letakkan sebuah uang logam (koin) seperti pada Gambar 5.1.2.Tariklah kertas dengan cara dihentakkan. Di manakah koin itu jatuh?3.Tariklah kertas secara perlahan-lahan. Apa yang terjadi dengan koin tersebut?4.Apa yang Anda simpulkan dari kegiatan ini?$!$*2++$+.$* ( /')-,0$.', +') $/ ))$/( ) ,* &0- *0- *!$/')21# * +!2)2* 1'& ,Tes Kompetensi Awal A2H2?8?52<6D29E:D6?D2?882H2 A2<29A6B2?2?86B2<52=2><69:5EA2?C692B:92B: 282:>2?29E3E?82?2?D2B282H2>2CC252?A6B46A2D2? 2A2D<29C63E2936?5236B86B2<;:<2D:52<25282H2H2?836<6B;2A25236?52D6BC63ED -E=:C<2?=294@?D@986B2<52=2><69:5EA2?C692B:92B:C6BD2C63ED<2?82H2H2?8>6>6?82BE9:86B2<2?36?52D6BC63EDGambar 5.1Ketika kertas ditarik dengancara dihentakkan, di manakahkoin ini jatuh?TokohSir Isaac Newton lahir diWoolsthorpe, Lincolnshire, Inggrispada 25 Desember 1642. Pada1661, Newton berkesempatanbelajar di Trinity College,Cambridge, dan lulus pada 1665.Penemuannya antara lain dalambidang matematika jenis barusaat itu, yakni kalkulus, penemuandalam bidang cahaya dan warna,dan hukum-hukum tentang geraktermasuk hukum gravitasi.Hukum-hukum tentang gerakyang menghebohkan ialahrumusan dalam jurnalnya yangterkenal, Philosophiae NaturalisPrincipia Mathematica ataudisebut juga Principia.Sumber:Jendela IPTEK, 1997Sir Isaac Newton(1642 – 1727)

85Dinamika Gerak2.Hukum II Newton!2H2H2?836<6B;2A252C63E2936?52>6?H6323<2?36?52D6BC63ED36B86B2<5:A6B46A2D2D2E5:A6B=2>32D "E<E>##(6GD@?>6>A6=2;2B:9E3E?82?2?D2B282H2H2?836<6B;2A252C63E2936?5256?82?A6B46A2D2?H2?85:D:>3E=<2?@=6982H2D6BC63ED 6B:<ED:?:2<2?5:=2<E<2?<68:2D2?C656B92?2 ,6D6=29>6=2<E<2?<68:2D2?D6BC63ED?525:92B2A<2?52A2D>6>292>:9E3E?82?2?D2B282H2>2CC236?52#52?A6B46A2D2?36?52H2?836<6B;2A25236?52D6BC63ED ,6D6=29>6=2<E<2?)1'3'1 0'0') ?52D6=29>6>292>:9E3E?82?2?D2B2>2CC2A6B46A2D2?52?A25236?52H2?8B6CE=D2?82H2H2?85:2=2>:?H2D:52<C2>2?@= 6B52C2B<2?A6B4@322?D6BC63ED?52A6B@=699E3E?82?2?D2B282H252?A6B46A2D2??H2H2:DEN 52AE?92B82<6C632?5:?82??H2:DE>6?E?;E<<2?E<EB2?<6=6>32>2?H2?85:>:=:<:36?52H2:DE>2CC2 ,642B2>2D6>2D:CA6BC2>22??H252A2D5:DE=:CC63282:36B:<ED #N $/0 + , 6 5:<6?2= C63282: "E<E> ## (6GD@? H2?8A6B?H2D22??H2C642B2=6?8<2A252=29329G2A'&)$ .$ )#*"!$%" . .$ !' & (*)* $ ('$. '$$ "*'*( $$. )'(*) $ '$$ )'"! $$ #(( $#Aktivitas Fisika 5.2Hubungan antara Massa, Percepatan, dan GayaTujuan PercobaanMenyelidiki hubungan antara massa, percepatan, dan gaya pada benda yangmengalami gerak lurus berubah beraturan.Alat-Alat Percobaan1.2 buah balok kayu bermassa m12.Meja3.Beban bermassa m2, m2 >> m14.Tali5.Tro l i6.Pewaktu ketikLangkah-Langkah Percobaan1.Susunlah alat percobaan seperti pada Gambar 5.2.2.Nyalakan pewaktu ketik.3.Lepaskan troli sehingga troli bergerak.4.Amati jejak pada pewaktu ketik.5.Hitunglah percepatan troli tersebut.6.Lakukan langkah 2 sampai 5 untuk massa di atas troli sebesar 2 m1, sepertipada Gambar 5.2 (b).7.Apakah percepatan yang dialami kedua percobaan itu sama? Mengapademikian?8.Bagaimana hubungan antara m1 dan a, juga hubungan antara 2m1 dan a?9.Bagaimana hubungan antara F = m2g dan a?m1(a)(b)balokm2m1m1Gambar 5.2(a) Balok bermassa m1 diletakkan diatas troli dan ditarik oleh gaya Fdari beban m2 .(b) Balok bermassa 2 m1 diletakkandi atas troli dan ditarik olehgaya F dari m2.m2bebanbebanbalokbalok

86Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas X!2H252?A6B46A2D2?252=2936C2B2?F6<D@BC652?8<2?>2CC236?52252=2936C2B2?C<2=2B )=69<2B6?2:DE82H25:DE=:CC63282:36B:<ED #%6D6B2?82?82H2H2?836<6B;2A25236?52(#>2CC236?52<8A6B46A2D2?36?52> C2=2>,#C2DE2?82H2252=29<8> C5:C63ED;E82?6GD@?( . $,)%$5:567:?:C:<2?C63282: . .$ !' & #(( !"%'#$ ($ #$#*"!$ &'&)$ #)' &' (!%$ !*')N,63E2936?5236B>2CC2 <836B86B2<56?82?<646A2D2?2G2=> C5:2D2C3:52?852D2B=:4:?<6>E5:2?36?52D6BC63ED5:36B:82H2D6D2AC62B2956?82?86B2<36?52 ,6D6=29>6?6>AE9;2B2<><646A2D2?36?52>6?;25:> C -6?DE<2?36C2B82H2D6BC63ED 4 !:<6D29E:+> C# <8+)> C(>*6BC2>22?86B2<(+)N+N)++( > C N > C >> C3.Hukum III Newton#<2D<2?C6ED2CD2=:A25232D2?8A@9@?6B2D6B2D282BD2=:D:52<=6A2CC6A6BD:A252 +! / *682?8D2=:A252;2B2<3636B2A2>6D6B>:B:?8<2?DE3E9?52C2>3:=>6?2B:<D2=:H2?8CE529D6BA2C2?8 ?52D:52<;2DE93E<2?%2CEC:?:5:D2?8<2A@=69(6GD@?56?82?>6?H2D2<2?329G2! $#$' !$.&(*$$)*!$#$' !$ . & $ .$ ('$. (# ))& $$ ' '",$$*252<6;25:2?D6BC63ED2525E282H2H2?836B=2G2?2?H2:DE82H2D2B:<@=69 2?2< D6B9252A A@9@? 5:C63ED. !( C652?8<2? A@9@?>6>A6BD292?<2?2?2<56?82?82H2H2?8C2>25:C63ED. '!( ,6>2<:?36C2B82H22<C:H2?85:<6?2<2?D6B9252AA@9@?C6>2<:?36C2B82H2B62<C:H2?85:36B:<2?A@9@? !(/'!(N!2H22<C:52?82H2B62<C:36<6B;2A2525E236?52H2?836B365256?82?2B2936B=2G2?2? *6B92D:<2? +! / E<E5:D2B:<E>:,F6BD:<2=<632G29H2?836C2B?H2C636B2D3E<E '6;2>6>36B:<2?82H25@B@?8<6A2523E<EH2?8C2>236C2B56?82?82H28B2F:D2C:E>:,C69:?882;E>=29<65E282H2H2?836<6B;2A2523E<EC2>256?82??@= 82BD:52<C2=29A6BC6AC:<65E282H2D6BC63ED3E<2?A2C2?82?2<C:B62<C:<2B6?2D:52<36<6B;2A25236?52H2?836B3652 Gambar 5.3Putut menarik tali yangdiikatkan pada pohon.Contoh 5.1'6?EBED"E<E>##(6GD@?# <8> C<8> C($25:82H2H2?836<6B;2A25236?52252=29( 4 mFvm = 2 kgGambar 5.4Gaya aksi dan gaya reaksiterjadi pada buku dan meja.Ngaya tekan mejapada bukugaya tekan mejapada buku(gaya reaksi)wgaya gravitasiBumi padabukugaya tekanbuku padameja(gaya aksi)F'FF'FF' = gaya tarikpohon terhadapanakF, = gayatarik anakterhadappohonSebuah palu bermassa 2 kgdiayunkan vertikal ke bawah dengankecepatan 20 m/s. Palu tersebutmenghantam sebuah paku,mengakibatkan paku masuk sedalam5 cm ke dalam kayu. Hitunglah gayahantam palu.Tantanganuntuk Anda

87Dinamika Gerak*252 +! / 3E<E>6?6<2?>6;2C69:?882>6>36B:<2?82H22<C:H2?82B29?H2<632G29 ,63282:B62<C:?H2>6;2>6?6<2?3E<EH2?82B29?H2<62D2CC69:?882>6>36B:<2?82H2B62<C: %65E282H2:?:36C2B?H2C2>252?36B=2G2?2?2B29C6BD236<6B;2A2525E236?52H2?836B3652 )=69<2B6?2:DEA2C2?82?82H2:?:>6BEA2<2?A2C2?82?2<C:B62<C:/ '6C:?DEB3@A6C2G2D>6>36B:<2?82H22<C:>6=2=E:82C3E2?8<6328:2?36=2<2?8 ,632=:<?H2C6>3EB2?82C3E2?8B@<6D>6?892C:=<2?82H2B62<C:H2?8>6?H6323<2?A6C2G2DD6B5@B@?8<656A2?<2B6?2>2CC282C3E2?8C2?82D<64:= !2CD6BC63ED>6?H6>3EB<636=2<2?856?82?<646A2D2?D:?88: !2H22<C:52B:>6C:?DEB3@>6C:?A6C2G2DC2>236C2B?H256?82?82H2B62<C:52B:C6>3EB2?82CD6D2A:2B29?H236B=2G2?2? 4.Gaya Berat%6D:<2?52>6=6>A2B<2?E2?8=@82><62D2C2A2H2?8D6B;25:.2?8=@82>D6BC63ED2<2?36B86B2<?2:<9:?882<6D:?88:2?>2<C:>E><6>E5:2?E2?8=@82>D6BC63ED2<2?;2DE9<6>32=:<6E>: $:<2?52>6=6A2C<2?E2?8=@82>52B:<6D:?88:2?D6BD6?DE52B:D2?29E2?8=@82>D6BC63ED;E822<2?;2DE9<6E>: .2?8=@82>2<2?C6=2=E;2DE9<6E>:56?82?A6B46A2D2?D6BD6?DE<2B6?2252?H282H28B2F:D2C:E>:A252E2?8=@82> ,6>E236?522<2?>6?82=2>:A6B46A2D2?H2?8C2>2D2?A25:A6?82BE9:>2CC2?H2 ?52?2>2<2?A6B46A2D2?:?:56?82?A6B46A2D2?8B2F:D2C:H2?836C2B?H2> C52?5:=2>32?8<2?56?82?%2B:"E<E>##(6GD@?H2?8D6=29?52A6=2;2B:?5252A2D>6?E=:C<2?82H28B2F:D2C:8A25236?5236B>2CC2#C63282:36B:<ED 8#%6?82?>6?88E?2<2?%52?>6?E=:C<2??H2E?DE<82H28B2F:D2C:5:A6B@=694#%Gambar 5.5Gaya aksi dan gaya reaksi terjadipada mesin turbo pesawat.turbin digerakkanoleh gas panasbahan bakar terbakardi dalam bilik bakarbaling-balingmeniup udara kesekeliling mesinaliran udarakompresor tahap keduameningkatkan tekanankompresor tahappertama menekanudara masukbuangan jetN%6D6B2?82?482H236B2D?6GD@?>>2CC236?52<8%A6B46A2D2?8B2F:D2C:> CMassa dan berat bukan besaran yangsama. Satuan massa adalah kg dansatuan berat adalah newton.Ingatlah$:<2A6B46A2D2?8B2F:D2C:5:*@?D:2?2<> C36B2A236B2D36?52H2?8>2CC2?H2<85:*@?D:2?2< 4 !:<6D29E:#<8> CContoh 5.2

88Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas X,6A@D@?832=@<>2CC2?H2 <8D6B=6D2<5:2D2C=2?D2: 2=@<D6BC63ED5:D2B:<@=6982H2F6BD:<2=<62D2CC636C2B( $:<2 > C36B2A2<29A6B46A2D2?H2?85:36B:<2?A25232=@<D6BC63ED 4 !:<6D29E:*25232=@<36<6B;25E282H2H2:DE82H236B2D,52?82H2D2B:<F6BD:<2=<62D2C,# <8 > C (*6B46A2D2?36?525:D6?DE<2?@=6982H252?82H2,.#/, #/,#( N ( <8> C$25:A6B46A2D2?36?52252=29> CwaFContoh 5.3Tugas Anda 5.1Dalam kehidupan sehari-hari,mungkin Anda pernah mendengarkalimat: “berat badan Indro adalah60 kg”. Bukankah satuan beratadalah newton? Apakah timbanganmerupakan alat pengukuran beratatau massa? Bersama kelompokbelajar Anda, diskusikan haltersebut.5.Gaya Gesekan.?DE<>6>32?DE?52>6>292>:<@?C6AD6?D2?882H286C6<2??5252A2D>6=2<E<2?)1'3'1 0'0') 36B:<EDE?DE<>6?82>2D:82H286C6<2?2?D2B232=@<52?>6;2 ,#<8> C($25:36B2D36?52252=29( Aktivitas Fisika 5.3!2H286C6<2?D6B;25:A2525E2A6B>E<22?36?52H2?8C2=:?836BC6?DE92?52?D6B52A2D86B2<B6=2D:72?D2B2<65E2?H2 !2H286C6<2?D6BC63ED>6?892C:=<2?82H2E?DE<>6?892>32D=2;E36?52 !2H286C6<2?2?D2B2Gaya GesekanTujuan PercobaanMengamati gaya gesekan yang terjadi antara dua benda.Alat-Alat Percobaan1.Meja2.Balok kayu3.Neraca pegasLangkah-Langkah Percobaan1.Susunlah alat percobaan seperti pada gambar.2.Ketika balok sedang diam, tarik neraca pegas, kemudian amati gaya yangditunjukkan neraca pegas.3.Catat gaya yang ditunjukkan neraca pegas sesaat balok akan bergerak.4.Tarik neraca pegas sehingga balok bergerak dengan kecepatan konstan.5.Catat gaya yang ditunjukkan neraca pegas pada saat balok bergerak dengankecepatan konstan.6.Bandingkan nilai gaya yang ditunjukkan neraca pegas saat balok akanbergerak dan saat balok bergerak dengan kecepatan konstan?7.Gaya apakah yang ditunjukkan neraca pegas?balokneracapegas

89Dinamika GerakTrT5E236?52H2?836BC6?DE92?32?H2<5:;E>A2:52=2><69:5EA2?C692B:92B: *2523636B2A2<2CEC82H286C6<2?36BC:72D>6BE8:<2?C652?8<2?A252<2CECH2?8=2:?82H286C6<2?36BC:72D>6?8E?DE?8<2? ,6@B2?8C:CG2>6?6?52?8C63E293@=25:2D2C=2A2?82?36BE>AEDD6B;25:82H286C6<2?2?D2B2A6B>E<22?3@=256?82?92>A2B2?BE>AEDC69:?8823@=22<2?36B96?D:A252;2B2<H2?8D:52<D6B=2=E;2E9 !2H286C6<2?>6?892>32D=2;E3@=2 *2524@?D@9=2:?82H286C6<2?D:>3E=2?D2B232?<6?52B22?H2?8C652?836B86B2<56?82?;2=2?H2?85:=2=E:?H2C69:?882D:52<C=:A !2H286C6<2?E52B256?82?C6@B2?8A6?6B;E?A2HE?8D6B;25:C6A2?;2?886B2<2??H2 >3EC2?E52B2H2?8>6?H6?DE93:52?8A2HE?8>6BEA2<2?82H2A6?892>32DD6B9252A=2;EA6?6B;E?C69:?882A6?6B;E?C6=2>2DC22DD:325:D2?29 *252A6B:CD:G2:?:82H286C6<2?C2?82D36B>2?722DD6B9252A<6C6=2>2D2?A6?6B;E?A2HE?8 6.Gaya Sentripetal (Fsp)-6=29?52<6D29E:329G2<646A2D2?252=2936C2B2?F6<D@BH2?8>6>:=:<:36C2B52?2B29 $:<22B2952?<6=2;E2?36BE329F6<D@B<646A2D2?2<2?36BE329;E82 *6BE3292?F6<D@B<646A2D2?2<2?>6?:>3E=<2?A6B46A2D2? '6?EBED"E<E>##(6GD@?82H2>6BEA2<2?A6B<2=:2?2?D2B2>2CC236?5256?82?A6B46A2D2?H2?85:>:=:<:36?52D6BC63ED $:<282H2C6?DB:A6D2=H2?836<6B;2A25236?5236B86B2<>6=:?8<2B36B2DEB2?252=29(&A6B46A2D2?C6?DB:A6D2=H2?85:>:=:<:36?5236B>2CC2#252=29(&>2<282H2C6?DB:A6D2=5:BE>EC<2?C63282:36B:<ED (&#(&Gambar 5.6Gerak turun penerjun payungsemakin lambat ketika semakindekat dengan tanah.Sumber:Physics for You, 2001(&+# #22!2H2C6?DB:A6D2=2B29?H2C6=2=E>6?E;E<6D:D:<AEC2D=:?8<2B2?52?D682<=EBEC56?82?F6<D@B<646A2D2??H2 .?DE<>6?86D29E:252?H282H2C6?DB:A6D2=A25286B2<>6=:?8<2B36B2DEB2?=2<E<2?<68:2D2?36B:<ED Aktivitas Fisika 5.4Gaya SentripetalTujuan PercobaanMengetahui arah gaya sentripetalAlat-Alat PercobaanTali dan bola pingpongLangkah-Langkah Percobaan1.Ikatkan ujung tali pada bola pingpong.2.Putar bola tersebut di atas kepala dengan posisi mendatar.3.Apa yang Anda rasakan terhadap gaya tegangan tali?4.Putarlah tali lebih cepat lagi. Adakah pengaruh kelajuan bola dengan gayategangan tali?5.Apa kesimpulan Anda dari percobaan ini?*6B92D:<2? +! / $:<282H236B2D3@=25:232:<2?82>32BD6BC63ED>6>A6B=:92D<2?82H282H2H2?836<6B;2A2523@=2H2?85::<2D56?82?D2=:52?5:AED2B56?82?D2?82?C63282:D:D:<AEC2D?H2 2A2D5:<2D2<2?329G23@=2D6BC63ED36B86B2<>6=:?8<2B !2H2D682?82?D2=:>6BEA2<2?82H2H2?8>6?H6323<2?36?52D6BC63ED36B86B2<>6=:?8<2B Gambar 5.7Gaya sentripetal menuju pusatlingkaran.N

90Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas X,63E293@=236C:36B>2CC2 85::<2D56?82?C6ED2CD2=:H2?8A2?;2?8?H24><6>E5:2?5:AED2B>6>36?DE<=:?D2C2?>6=:?8<2B56?82?<6=2;E2?> C -6?DE<2?82H2C6?DB:A6D2=3@=236C:D6BC63ED 4 !:<6D29E:# 8 <84>>+> CR = 80 cmm = 50 gContoh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ari Mencari Tahu!2H2C6?DB:A6D2=5:A6B@=6956?82?>6?88E?2<2?A6BC2>22?CA+#2CA24m/s0,1kg2 N0,8m $25:82H2C6?DB:A6D2=3@=236C:252=29 ( Sebuah benda bermassa 200 gramdiikat dengan tali ringan. Kemudian,diputar secara horizontal dengankecepatan sudut tetap 5 rad/s.Panjang tali tersebut adalah 60 cm.Berapakah besar gaya sentripetalpada benda tersebut?a.0,3 Nb.0,6 Nc.3 Nd.6 Ne.30 NUAN, 2001PembahasanDiketahui:m= 200 gram = 0,2 kg= 5 rad/s= 60 cm = 0,6 mFsp= 2vmRDalam kasus ini, = R.Dengan demikian,Fsp= 2vmRFsp= 2mRFsp= (0,2 kg) (5 rad/s)2 (0,6 m)Fsp= 3 NJadi, gaya sentripetal yang bekerjapada benda adalah 3 N.Jawaban: CPembahasan SoalKata Kunci•Hukum I Newton•Hukum II Newton•Hukum III Newton•gaya aksi•gaya reaksi•gaya gesekan•gaya sentripetal!2H2:?:;E8252A2D5:B2C2<2?@=69D2?82??52 !2H2D682?82?D2=::?:>6BEA2<2?82H2H2?82B29?H2>6?E;EAEC2D52?A6?H63233@=2D6BC63ED36B86B2<>6=:?8<2B 2=2>92=:?:H2?836BA6B2?C63282:82H2C6?DB:A6D2=(252=2982H2D682?82?D2=:

91Dinamika GerakB.Penerapan Hukum Newton*252328:2?:?:?522<2?>6>A6=2;2B:3636B2A2A6?6B2A2?9E<E>(6GD@?52=2><69:5EA2?C692B:92B: 1.Gerak Benda pada Bidang Datar,63E2936?52D6B=6D2<A2523:52?852D2B=:4:?C6A6BD:A252 +! / <6>E5:2?5:36B:82H2>6?52D2B9:?88236?5236B86B2<=EBEC56?82?A6B46A2D2? !2H282H2H2?836<6B;2A252CE>3E.252=29./,6?52D:52<36B86B2<D6B9252ACE>3E.>2<2./,N,#!2H2H2?836<6B;2A252CE>3E--##Tes Kompetensi Subbab A$/( ) ,* &# * +!2)2* 1'& , ":DE?882H2H2?85:3EDE9<2?C63E29>@3:=H2?8>2CC2?H2 <8E?DE<>6?42A2:<646A2D2? > C52=2>G2<DE C ,63E2982H236<6B;2A25236?5236B>2CC2#52?A6B46A2D2?H2?85:D:>3E=<2? > C !2H2H2?8C2>236<6B;2A25236?52=2:?36B>2CC2#A6B46A2D2?H2?85:D:>3E=<2?> C2 6B2A2<29?:=2:B2C:@12##3 $:<2#52?#5:823E?836B2A2A6B46A2D2?H2?85:92C:=<2?@=6982H2 ,63E293EC>2CC2?H2 <836B86B2<56?82?<646A2D2? <> ;2> '@3:=5:B6>52?36B96?D:C6D6=29>6?6>AE9;2B2< > -6?DE<2?82H2B6>H2?836<6B;2A252>@3:=D6BC63ED ?52C652?836B2525:52=2>C63E29A6C2G2DD6B32?8A252<6D:?88:2? > <2<: 6B2A2A6BC6?<29A6BE3292?36B2D3252??52 ,6A@D@?832DE32D2H2?8>2CC2?H2 <8D6B=6D2<5:2>5:2D2CD2?29 %6>E5:2?32DED6BC63ED5:D2B:<<62D2C56?82?82H2(C6=2>2 C=2=E5:=6A2C<2? $:<2> CD6?DE<2?D:?88:>2<C:>E>H2?85:42A2:?H2 ,63E293@=236B>2CC2 8B2>5::<2DA252E;E?8C6ED2CD2=:H2?8A2?;2?8?H24> @=236BAED2B52=2>=:?8<2B2?9@B:I@?D2=56?82?<6=2;E2?D6D2A > C ":DE?8D682?82?D2=: ,63E29A:B:?82?56?82?;2B:;2B:4>5:AED2B56?82?<646A2D2?CE5ED B25 C -6?DE<2?A6B46A2D2?52?82H2C6?DB:A6D2=C63E29D:D:<36B>2CC2 8H2?836B2525:A:?88:BA:B:?82?D6BC63ED ,63E293@=236B>2CC2 <85:AED2B>6?8:D2B:=:?8<2B2?F6BD:<2=H2?8B25:EC?H2 >56?82?=2;E> C ":DE?8D682?82?>2<C:>E>52?D682?82?>:?:>E>D2=:H2?8>6?89E3E?8<2?3@=2<6AEC2D=:?8<2B2?;:<2 > C ,63E29<6?52B22?>6?:<E?85:=:?D2C2?;2=2?>6?52D2B<2C2B56?82?;2B:;2B:<6=6?8<E?82?>>2CC2<6?52B22?52?A6?E>A2?8<8 -6?DE<2?<646A2D2?>2<C:>E>282B<6?52B2?D:52<C=:A;:<282H286C6<2?2?D2B232?52?;2=2? ( ,63E29>@3:=>6=6G2D:;2=2?46>3E?8 :<6D29E:B25:EC > '2CC2>@3:=36C6BD2A6?E>A2?8?H2<8 !2H2D6<2?>@3:=D6B9252A;2=2?( $:<2A6B46A2D2?8B2F:D2C: > CD6?DE<2?=2;E>@3:=A252C22D<65E5E<2?D6BD:?88: Gambar 5.8Gaya-gaya yang bekerja padabalok.NFw

92Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas X#N%6D6B2?82?A6B46A2D2?> C82H2(#>2CC2<8*2523:52?852D2B=:4:?D:52<25282H286C6<2?H2?836<6B;22?D2B236?5256?82?3:52?8 ,63E2936?5236B>2CC2<8D6B=6D2<A252>6;2>6?52D2B=:4:? 6?52:DE5:36B:82H2>6?52D2BC636C2B ( 6B2A2A6B46A2D2?36?52:DE 4 !:<6D29E:#<8 ( (<8# > C$25:A6B46A2D2?36?52 > CNwF = 10 N,63E29>@3:=36B>2CC2 <836B86B2<56?82?<646A2D2?<> ;2> 6B2A2<2982H2H2?85:A6B=E<2?E?DE<>6?86B6>282B>@3:=36B96?D:A252;2B2< > 4 !:<6D29E:# <8+<> ;2> > C(>'@3:=36B96?D:36B2BD:+) (+)N+ > N > C> N > CN> C6?82?>6?88E?2<2?"E<E>##(6GD@?5:A6B@=69# <8N> CN(N7($25:282B>@3:=36B96?D:A252;2B2< >92BEC5:<6B;2<2?82H2C636C2BO (H2?82B29?H236B=2G2?2?56?82?2B2986B2<36?52 2.Gerak pada Bidang Miring,63E2936?52>6>:=:<:82H236B2D, #D6B=6D2<A2523:52?8>:B:?8=:4:?>6>36?DE<CE5ED<6>:B:?82?D6B9252A82B:C9@B:I@?D2= !2H2H2?836<6B;2A25236?52252=2982H2?@B>2= B2982H2?@B>2=D682<=EBECD6B9252A3:52?8C6?DE9C6A6BD:A252 +! / ,E>3E-C6;2;2B3:52?8>:B:?852?CE>3E.D682<=EBEC3:52?8>:B:?8 %@>A@?6?82H236B2DA252CE>3E-,-#C:?CE>3E.,.#4@CGambar 5.9Gaya-gaya yang bekerja padabenda yang diletakkan padabidang miringmgNmg cosmg sinlicinSebuah balok bermassa 2 kg terletakdi atas bidang datar licin. Pada baloktersebut dikenakan gaya tarikdengan arah 60° terhadap arahmendatar. Hitunglah percepatanbalok tersebut.Tantanganuntuk AndaContoh 5.5Contoh 5.6

93Dinamika GerakNvmg cosmg sinmg,6A@D@?832=@<H2?8>2CC2?H2 <85:=E?4EB<2?,EC2?D@A2523:52?8>:B:?8=:4:?D2?A2<646A2D2?2G2= ,E5ED<6>:B:?82?3:52?8D6B9252A9@B:I@?D2=J $:<2 > C36B2A2<292 82H2?@B>2=A25232=@<3 <646A2D2?32=@<C6D6=29>6=E?4EBC6=2>2C 4 !:<6D29E:# <8J > C2 %@>A@?6?82H236B2DA252CE>3E.,.,4@C#4@CJ <8 > C (6?52D:52<36B86B2<<62B29CE>3E.C69:?882-,H ($25:82H2?@B>2=?H2252=2910 3( 3 %@>A@?6?82H236B2DA252CE>3E-,-,C:?#C:?J <8 > C (6?5236B86B2<C6A2?;2?8CE>3E-3:52?8>:B:?8C69:?882-#,-# #4@CN +6CE=D2?82H282H2A252CE>3E-252=29-##C:? #C:?%6D6B2?82?82H2?@B>2=(#>2CC236?52<8CE5ED<6>:B:?82?A6B46A2D2?8B2F:D2C:> CN !2H282H2H2?836<6B;2A252CE>3E.252=29.N,./#4@C6?52D:52<36B86B2<D6B9252ACE>3E.>2<2yFContoh 5.7Perhatikan perubahan padaContoh 5.7. Jika sudut diubahmenjadi 60°, berapakah gaya normalpada balok tersebut dan berapakahkecepatan balok setelah meluncurselama 3 sekon? Buatlah kesimpulantentang perubahan sudutterhadap gaya normal dankecepatan benda.Tantanganuntuk Anda

94Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas X3.Gerak Benda-Benda yang Dihubungkan dengan Tali*6B92D:<2? +! / E232=@<D6B=6D2<5:2D2C3:52?852D2B=:4:? %65E232=@<D6BC63ED5:9E3E?8<2?56?82?C6ED2CD2=:H2?8>2CC2?H25:232:<2? ,22D82H25:<6B;2<2?>2<2D2=:>6>:=:<:D682?82?C636C2BH2?836<6B;2A25232=@< +6CE=D2?82H2A25232=@<A252CE>3E-252=29- # #N +6CE=D2?82H2A25232=@<A252CE>3E-252=29-#/#/#N $/0 + , 6 5:CE3CD:DEC:<2?<652=2>$/0 + , 6 C69:?8825:A6B@=69/###### ## N %6D6B2?82?A6B46A2D2?36?52> C82H2D2B:<(#>2CC236?52<8#>2CC236?52<8> C2=@<36B86B2<D2?A2<646A2D2?2G2=H2:DE+ %646A2D2?A252)C252=29+)+)> CC > C%646A2D2?32=@<C6D6=29C252=29 > C E236?5252?>2C:?8>2C:?8>2CC2?H2<852?<85:2D2C3:52?852D2B=:4:?52?5:9E3E?8<2?56?82?D2=:C6A6BD:A25282>32B $:<232=@<5:D2B:<@=6982H2 (D6?DE<2?2 A6B46A2D2?36?523 D682?82?D2=: 4 !:<6D29E:#<8#<8 (ABTFTGambar 5.10Gaya F menarik balok A danbalok B.BATTFlicinPerhatikan gambar berikut.Berapakah massa tabung B?Tantanganuntuk AndaContoh 5.8CD12 kg15 kg20 kgtegangan taliABtegangan tali

95Dinamika Gerak4.Gerak Benda yang Dihubungkan dengan Tali Melalui KatrolE236?5236B>2CC2#52?#5:9E3E?8<2?@=69C6ED2CD2=:>6=2=E:C63E29<2DB@=C6A6BD:A252 +! / !2H286C6<2?<2DB@=5:232:<2? ?882A##>2<2#2<2?36B86B2<<632G29C62B2956?82?A6B46A2D2?8B2F:D2C:C652?8<2?#36B86B2<<62D2C36B=2G2?2?2B2956?82?A6B46A2D2?8B2F:D2C:C69:?88236B?:=2:?682D:7 %65E236?52>6>:=:<:A6B46A2D2?52?D682?82?D2=:H2?8C2>2 -:?;2E2?A25236?5236B>2CC2###N##N#N -:?;2E2?A25236?5236B>2CC2##N####N )=69<2B6?2D:52<25282H286C6<2?A252<2DB@=C6>E2D682?82?D2=:C2>236C2B 2B:$/0 + , 6 52?$/0 + , 6 5:A6B@=69#N####/####/# # ##/###N *6B92D:<2? +! / 6?5236B>2CC2#D6B=6D2<5:2D2C3:52?852D2BC652?8<2?36?5236B>2CC2#D6B82?DE?83632CA252C6ED2CD2=: !2H286C6<2?A252<2DB@=52?>2CC2D2=:5:232:<2? D:?;2E2?A25236?5236B>2CC2##2 ## (<8<8 > C$25:A6B46A2D2?36?52 > C3 #<8 > C($25:D682?82?D2=:( #N Gambar 5.11Dua buah benda dihubungkan dengantali melalui sebuah katrol.Gambar 5.12Dua benda dihubungkan dengan talimelalui katrol dan m1 terletak padabidang datar.m2m1NTTTTw1 = m1gw2 = m2glicinTTaTTam1gm2glicin

96Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas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erhatikan gambar berikut.Hitunglah percepatan benda A dantegangan tali.20 kgkatrol licin5 kg30°licin)ABCT1T2T3ABABTTwAwBTantanganuntuk AndaContoh 5.10Contoh 5.9

97Dinamika Gerak*252B2?8<2:2?C6A6BD:82>32B36B:<ED>2CC236?5252?>2C:?8>2C:?8<852?<8 '2CC2<2DB@=52?D2=:5:232:<2? > C -6?DE<2?A6B46A2D2?36?5252?D682?82?D2=: 4 !:<6D29E:#<8<8 > C <8 <8 <8> C> C$25:A6B46A2D2?C6>E236?52C2>2H2:DE> C3 -:?;2E2?A25236?52## <8> C($25:D682?82?D2=:(4 -:?;2E2?A25236?52##/#<8 > CN<8> C ($25:D682?82?D2=: ( Gambar 5.13Dua benda dihubungkan dengan talimelalui dua katrol.5.Gerak Benda Dihubungkan Tali Melalui Dua Katrol yangSalah Satunya Dapat Bergerak*252B2?8<2:2?36?5252?36?52C6A6BD: +! / A6B46A2D2?36?52A252<2DB@=36B86B2<3632C252=29C6D6?82952B:N N Contoh 5.11mBgBAmAgNTTTlicinA6B46A2D2?36?52A252<2DB@=D6D2AC69:?882 *6BC2>22?A6BC2>22?H2?836B=2<EA252B2?8<2:2?D6BC63ED252=29C63282:36B:<ED -:?;2E2?A25236?52##-:?;2E2?A25236?52#,N # #N##N

98Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas X#<8 > C-:?;2E2?A25236?52#<8-:?;2E2?A25236?52#N<8 > CN <8 > CN $/0 + ,52?$/0 + ,5:CE3CD:DEC:<2?C69:?8825:A6B@=69<8 <8 > CN<8 <8> C N <8<8 <8> C> C2B:$/0 + ,5:A6B@=69<8> C ($25:A6B46A2D2?36?52252=29> C52?D682?82?D2=:252=29 ( 6.Gaya Tekan pada Alas Lift*6B92D:<2? +! / ,63E2932=@<36B>2CC2#D6B=6D2<5:52=2>=:7DH2?8C652?836B86B2< '6?EBED"E<E>###(6GD@?82H2D6<2?32=@<A2522=2C=:7D,C2>256?82?82H2?@B>2=36?52 2 $/& 1') , +! / =:7D36B86B2<F6BD:<2=<62D2C56?82?<646A2D2?D6D2A>2<2B6CE=D2?82H2H2?836<6B;2A25236?52252=29?@= /# #,>2<2,,3 $/& 1') , +! / !=:7D36B86B2<F6BD:<2=<62D2C56?82?A6B46A2D2?D6D2A>2<2B6CE=D2?82H2H2?836<6B;2A25236?52252=29# /###>2<2, ,4 $/& 1') , +! / "=:7D36B86B2<F6BD:<2=<62D2C56?82?A6B=2>32D2?N>2<2B6CE=D2?82H2H2?836<6B;2A25236?52252=29#N N ABTTTmA = 3 kgmB = 4 kgmA gmB gGambar 5.14Sebuah balok bermassa m terletak didalam lift yang sedang bergerak.(a)(c)(d)mg = wNmg = wNavmg = waNw'vw'w'v(b)mg = wNaw'

99Dinamika Gerak$@<@H2?8>2CC2?H2<836B5:B:5:52=2>C63E29=:7DH2?8C652?836B86B2<<62D2C56?82?A6B46A2D2? > C $:<2A6B46A2D2?8B2F:D2C:E>: > C36B2A2<2982H2D6<2?<2<:$@<@A252=2?D2:=:7D 4 !6?82?>6?88E?2<2?$/0 + , 6 5:A6B@=69#<8 > C > C($25:82H2D6<2?$@<@A252=2?D2:=:7D252=29( Tes Kompetensi Subbab B$/( ) ,* &# * +!2)2* 1'& , ,63E29<@D2<36B>2CC2<8D6B=6D2<5:A6B>E<22?=2?D2:=:4:? $:<2<@D2<D6BC63ED5:D2B:<56?82?82H2C636C2B (36B2A2<29<646A2D2?<@D2<D6BC63ED ,63E2936?525:=E?4EB<2?@=69$@<@A2523:52?8>:B:?8=:4:? $:<2>2CC236?52D6BC63ED<852?CE5ED<6>:B:?82?3:52?8D6B9252A9@B:I@?D2=J9:DE?8=29<646A2D2?36?52C6D6=2936B86B2< C *6B92D:<2?82>32B36B:<ED m1m2$:<2A6B32?5:?82?2?D2B2#52?#252=299:DE?8=29A6B46A2D2?86B2<A252<2DB@=D6BC63ED > C E23E2936?525:CECE?C656>:<:2?BEA2C69:?882D2>A2<C6A6BD:A25282>32B36B:<ED $:<2>2CC2<852?>2CC2 <89:DE?8=29D682?82?D2=:52?A6B46A2D2?36?52<6D:<236?52>6=E?4EB ,:D@BECC652?836B5:B:5:52=2>=:7DH2?8C652?836B86B2<<632G2956?82?A6B46A2D2? > C 6B2A2<2982H2D6<2?<2<:,:D@BECA252=2?D2:=:7DN N ABContoh 5.12 / # #/ # / >2<2, ,5 $/& 1') , +! / #=:7D36B86B2<F6BD:<2=<632G2956?82?A6B46A2D2?D6D2AB6CE=D2?82H2H2?836<6B;2A25236?52252=29##/# # / >2<2, ,Kata Kunci•bidang datar•bidang miring•gaya normal•gaya berat•tegangan tali•katrol

100Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas X>6>6?82BE9:>6>A6=2;2B:', +') $/ )H2?836<6B;2A252CE2DE36?5236C2B?H236B32?5:?8=EBEC56?82?82H252?36B32?5:?8D6B32=:<56?82?>2CC236?52 :BE>EC<2?56?82?# "E<E>###(6GD@?>6?H2D2<2?329G2;:<236?52A6BD2>2>6?86B;2<2?82H2A25236?52<65E236?52<65E22<2?>6?86B;2<2?82H2A25236?52A6BD2>2H2?836C2B?H2C2>2D6D2A:2B29?H236B=2G2?2? :BE>EC<2?56?82?2<C:/B62<C: !2H2>6>6?82BE9:86B2<36?52 ,2DE2?82H252=2>,#252=29?6GD@?( ,2DE?6GD@?5:567:?:C:<2?C63282:82H2H2?8>6>36B:<2?A6B46A2D2? > CA252CE2DE36?52H2?8>2CC2?H2 <8 "E<E>#(6GD@?>6?H2D2<2?329G2;:<2B6CE=D2?82H282H2H2?836<6B;2A25236?52C2>256?82??@=36?52D6BC63ED2<2?D6D2A5:2> 2D2E 36B86B2< =EBEC 36B2DEB2? :BE>EC<2?56?82? "E<E>##(6GD@?>6?H2D2<2?329G2A6B46A2D2?H2?85:D:>3E=<2?@=6982H2D:>3E=<2B6?2"E<E>###(6GD@?>6?H2D2<2?"E<E>#(6GD@?"E<E>##(6GD@?>6?H2D2<2?>6?H2D2<2?$:<236?522<2?K5:2>+2D2EK 36B86B2<=EBEC36B2DEB2?Peta KonsepRangkuman!2H29E3E?82??H2!6B2<Setelah mempelajari bab ini, tentu Anda mem-peroleh manfaat, di antaranya Anda mengetahui bagai-mana hubungan antara massa (m), gaya (F), danpercepatan (a). Dapatkah Anda menyebutkan manfaatRefleksilain Anda mempelajari bab ini? Dalam mempelajaribab ini, apakah ada materi yang Anda anggap sulituntuk dipahami? Jika ada, diskusikan dengan temanatau tanyakan kepada guru.2<C:NB62<C:

101Dinamika Gerak '*'&* &0 * &0 12( 4 ! ,5 ,%. *',%1$. 1# ,)$/( ) ,* &. # !2)2* 1'& , $:<236?5292?H25:A6?82BE9:@=69C63E2982H236?522<2?36B86B2<56?82? 2 <646A2D2?<@?CD2?C62B2956?82?2B2982H23 <646A2D2?<@?CD2?36B=2G2?2?2B2956?82?2B2982H24 A6B46A2D2?<@?CD2?36B=2G2?2?2B2956?82?2B2982H25 A6B46A2D2?<@?CD2?C62B2956?82?2B2982H26 36?52D6D2A5:2> ,63E2982H2>6?H6323<2?A6B46A2D2? > CA25236?52H2?836B>2CC2<8 $:<282H2:DE36<6B;2A25236?52H2?836B>2CC2 <882H2:DE2<2?>6>36B:<2?A6B46A2D2?C636C2B 2 > C5 > C3 > C6 > C4 > C .?DE<>6>A6B46A2D36?52H2?8>2CC2?H2<852B:<646A2D2? > C>6?;25:> CC6=2>2C5:A6B=E<2?82H2C636C2B 2 (5 (3 (6 (4 ( ,63E2936?5236B>2CC2 <8>6=E?4EBA2523:52?8>:B:?856?82?<646A2D2?D6D2A $:<2CE5ED<6>:B:?82?JB6CE=D2?82H2H2?836<6B;2A25236?52252=29 2 5 (3 (6 (4 ( +6CE=D2?82H2A252C63E29>@3:=H2?836B86B2<=EBEC36B2DEB2?5:;2=2?H2?8>6?52<:252=29 2 C2>256?82?82H2?@B>2=3 C2>256?82?82H236B2D>@3:=4 C2>256?82?>2CC236?525 C2>256?82?36B2D>@3:=5:<EB2?8:82H2?@B>2=6 ?@= -:8232=@<52?5:=6D2<<2?C656>:<2:?BEA236B:>A:D5:2D2C3:52?852D2BC6A6BD:A25282>32B !B27:<36B:<ED>6?E?;E<<2?9E3E?82?A6BA:?5292?D6B9252AG2<DE52B:5E236?52H2?8>2CC2?H2C2>2H2?85:<6B;2<2?@=6982H252?C69:?882>6?892C:=<2?A6B46A2D2?52?2=@<5:C6?DE956?82?82H2>6?52D2BC69:?88282H2D6BC63ED5:D6BEC<2?@=69<636?5252?C6=2?;ED?H2<636?52 !2H282H2D6BC63EDH2?8>6BEA2<2?A2C2?82?2<C:B62<C:252=29 2 52?5 52?3 52?6 52?4 52?ABCF1F2F3F42B:8B27:<52A2D5:C:>AE=<2?329G2 2 52? 3 52? 4 52? 5 52? 6 52? !B27:<A6B46A2D2?C63282:7E?8C:B6CE=D2?82H2A252CE2DE36?52C6A6BD:A25282>32B36B:<ED s12t'2CC236?52D6BC63ED252=29 2 <85 <83 <86 <84 <8 6B52C2B<2?"E<E>##(6GD@?52A2D5:C:>AE=<2?329G2;:<282H2H2?836<6B;2A252C63E2936?5236BD2>329>2CC236?52D6BC63ED 2 36B<EB2?852?A6B46A2D2?36BD2>3293 36BD2>32952?A6B46A2D2?36B<EB2?84 D6D2A52?A6B46A2D2?36B<EB2?85 D6D2A52?A6B46A2D2?36BD2>3296 36BD2>32952?<646A2D2?36B<EB2?8 ,63E29<@D2<36B2525:2D2C>@3:=H2?8C652?836B86B2<A6B92D:<2?82>32B ,642B2D:32D:32>@3:=5:B6>C69:?882 2 <@D2<2<2?D6D2A5:2>3 <@D2<2<2?36B86B2<<6C2>A:?84 <@D2<2<2?36B86B2<<6C2>A:?8<2?2?5 <@D2<36B86B2<<6C2>A:?8<:B:6 <@D2<36B86B2<<656A2?26510a(m/s2)F(N)FTes Kompetensi Bab 5

102Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas X ,63E2936?52D6B=6D2<A2523:52?8>:B:?8 !2H2?@B>2=A25236?52:DE252=29 2 C2>256?82?36B2D36?523 =63:936C2B52B:A25236B2D36?524 =63:9<64:=52B:A25236B2D36?525 C2>256?82?>2CC236?526 C2>22D2E=63:9<64:=52B:A25236B2D36?52 6?52H2?8>2CC2?H2#5:D6>A2D<2?5:2D2C3:52?8>:B:?8H2?8=:4:?56?82?CE5ED<6>:B:?82?D6B9252A3:52?89@B:I@?D2= $:<2A6B46A2D2?8B2F:D2C:A6B46A2D2?H2?8D6B;25:A25236?52D6BC63ED252=29 2 C:?5 #C:?3 #C:?6 4@C4 #C:? ,63E2936?5236B>2CC2#36B252A2523:52?8>:B:?8H2?8=:4:?56?82?CE5ED<6>:B:?82?JD6B9252A9@B:I@?D2= $:<2A6B46A2D2?8B2F:D2C:A6B46A2D2?36?52252=29 2 5 83 86 84 8 *6B92D:<2?CECE?2?36?5236?5236B:<ED ,63E293@=236C:5:82?DE?8<2?A252=2?8:D=2?8:DC6A6BD:A25282>32B36B:<ED 6C2B?H2A6B46A2D2?52?D682?82?D2=:36BDEBEDDEBED 2 > C52? ( 5 > C52? (3 > C52?( 6 > C52? (4 > C52?( ,E2DE36?5236B>2CC2<8D6B=6D2<A2523:52?8>:B:?856?82?<6>:B:?82?JD6B9252A9@B:I@?D2= !2H2?@B>2=H2?836<6B;2A25236?52252=29 2 (5 (3 (6 (4 ( ,63E2936?5236B>2CC2<8D6B=6D2<A2523:52?852D2B5:D2B:<56?82?82H2 (F6BD:<2=<62D2C !2H2?@B>2=H2?836<6B;2A25236?52:DE252=29 2 (5 (3 (6 (4 (9 kg1 kg>6?H2D2<2?D682?82?D2=:52?,>6?H2D2<2?36B2D3632? /2?8>6BEA2<2?A2C2?82?82H22<C:B62<C:252=29 2 52?,5 52?3 52?,6 52?4 52? 6B52C2B<2?CECE?2?36?5236?52A25282>32B>6;252?<2DB@=5:2?882A=:4:?C6>AEB?2 $:<236?525:=6A2C<2?D682?82?D2=:36C2B?H2 2 (5 (3 (6 (4 ( ?:D236B>2CC2<85:D:>32?85:52=2>=:7DH2?8C652?8>6=E?4EB<632G2956?82?A6B46A2D2?D6D2A > C $:<2 > C36B2D?:D25:52=2>=:7D252=29 2 (5 (3 (6 (4 ( !2H2?@B>2=A252<2<:,:D@BECH2?836B2525:52=2>=:7D=63:936C2B52B:A25236B2D?H2 "2=:?:D6B;25:;:<2=:7D52=2><62522? 2 5:2>3 36B86B2<<632G2956?82?<646A2D2?D6D2A4 36B86B2<<62D2C56?82?A6B46A2D2?D6D2A5 36B86B2<<632G2956?82?A6B46A2D2?D6D2A6 36B86B2<<62D2C56?82?A6B=2>32D2?ABCTT2 kg3 kg3 kgT2T1T3ww

103Dinamika Gerak 4 !* &.$/1 ,5 ,!$/')21#$,% ,1$. 1 ,63E2932=@<36B>2CC2<85:D2B:<@=6982H2>6?52D2B(5:2D2C3:52?852D2B=:4:? 6B2A2<29A6B46A2D2?32=@<D6BC63ED ,63E2936?5236B>2CC2<836B86B2<56?82?<646A2D2?> C 6B2A2<2936C2B82H2A6B=2G2?2?H2?85:A6B=E<2?282B36?52D6BC63EDD6A2D36B96?D: >52B:D6>A2DC6>E=2 ,63E2932=@<36B>2CC2<8>6=E?4EBD2?A2<646A2D2?2G2=5:2D2C3:52?8>:B:?8H2?8=:4:?C6>AEB?2 $:<2D2?>6BEA2<2?CE5ED<6>:B:?82?3:52?852?> CD6?DE<2?2 82H2?@B>2=A25236?523 A6B46A2D2?H2?8D:>3E=A25236?524 ;2B2<H2?85:D6>AE9C6D6=29C E236?5252?5::<2D<2?A252E;E?8E;E?8D2=:H2?85:C2?8<ED<2?A252<2DB@=C6A6BD:A25282>32B *6B92D:<2?CECE?2?82>32B36B:<ED '2CC2<65E236?52>2C:?8>2C:?8#<852?# <8 > C ,E5ED<6>:B:?82?3:52?8D6B9252A9@B:I@?D2=J $:<23:52?8=:4:?C6>AEB?2D6?DE<2?2 82H2?@B>2=A25236?523 2B2986B2<<65E236?524 A6B46A2D2?86B2<<65E236?525 D682?82?D2=: *6B92D:<2?CECE?2?82>32B36B:<ED AB'2CC252?>2C:?8>2C:?8 <852? <8 '6;2=:4:?C6>AEB?2>2CC2D2=:52?<2DB@=5:232:<2? $:<2> CD6?DE<2?2 A6B46A2D2?36?5252?3 D682?82?D2=:?H2 '2CC252?>2C:?8>2C:?8<852?<8 ,E5ED3:52?8>:B:?8D6B9252A9@B:I@?D2=J52? > C -6?DE<2?2 2B2986B2<36?523 A6B46A2D2?36?524 D682?82?D2=: E23E293@=252?H2?8>2C:?8>2C:?8>2CC2?H2<85::<2D56?82?D2=:52?5:82?DE?8A252=2?8:D=2?8:D=:7D $:<2=:7D36B86B2<<62D2C56?82?A6B46A2D2? > C36B2A2D682?82?C6D:2AD2=: > C E236?5252?5::<2D<2?A252E;E?8E;E?8D2=:H2?85:C2?8<ED<2?A252<2DB@=C6A6BD:A25282>32B36B:<ED AB30° :52=2>C63E29=:7D5:D6>A2D<2?D:>32?82?3252? ,22D=:7D52=2><62522?5:2>"6B:>6?:>32?83252??H2C69:?8825:52A2D<2?36B2D"6B:( $:<2 > CD6?DE<2?A6?E?;E<2?D:>32?82?;:<22 =:7D36B86B2<F6BD:<2=<62D2C56?82?A6B46A2D2?D6D2A > C3 =:7D36B86B2<F6BD:<2=<62D2C56?82?A6B=2>32D2?D6D2A> C4 =:7D36B86B2<F6BD:<2=<632G2956?82?A6B46A2D2?D6D2A> C5 =:7D36B86B2<F6BD:<2=<632G2956?82?A6B=2>32D2?D6D2A> C ,6C6@B2?8H2?8>2CC2?H2<85:D:>32?85:52=2>=:7DH2?8C652?836B86B2<<62D2C56?82?A6B46A2D2?D6D2A > C $:<2A6B46A2D2?8B2F:D2C:252=29 > CD6?DE<2?36B2D@B2?8:DE5:52=2>=:7D '2CC236?5252?>2C:?8>2C:?8<852? <8 %2DB@=5:2?882A=:4:?C6>AEB?2 $:<2A6B46A2D2?8B2F:D2C: > CD6?DE<2?2 2B2986B2<36?523 A6B46A2D2?86B2<36?524 D682?82?D2=: AANTBmA gmB gTTB

104Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XProyek Semester 1*252C6>6CD6B:?:?52D6=29>6>A6=2;2B:D6?D2?8<@?C6A52?AB:?C:A52C2B<:?6>2D:<252?5:?2>:<236?52D:D:< .?DE<>6?:?8<2D<2?A6>292>2?>6?86?2:<@?C6AD6BC63ED?525:DE82C<2?E?DE<>6=2<E<2?<68:2D2?C6>6CD6BC642B236B<6=@>A@<N@B2?8 &2?8<29<68:2D2?H2?892BEC?52=2<E<2?5:EB2:<2?A252AB@H6<C6>6CD6B :?: ,63282:DE82C2<9:B<68:2D2?<6=@>A@<?5292BEC>6>3E2D=2A@B2?<68:2D2?C6>6CD6BH2?82<2?5:AB6C6?D2C:<2?5:2<9:BC6>6CD6B5:9252A2?<6=@>A@<=2:?52?8EBE :C:<2?52 ,:CD6>2D:<2A6?E=:C2?=2A@B2??H2D6B5:B:2D2C$E5E=-E;E2?=2D52?292?*B@C65EB*6B4@322?2D2?2=:C:C2D2C6BD2%6C:>AE=2?52?,2B2?D6B9252AA6?6=:D:2?H2?8D6=295:=2<E<2? Gerak Lurus Beraturan danGerak Lurus Berubah Beraturan2(2 ,$%' 1 ,'6>A6=2;2B:C63E2936?52H2?836B86B2<=EBEC36B2DEB2?52?36B86B2<=EBEC36BE32936B2DEB2? * 1# , & , *2A2?=:?D2C2? %6=6B6?85:2>6D6BL 4> *6?882B:C*2?;2?8 )%&,) 3E29 -E>AE2? %2AEBDE=:C2D2ECA:5@=/-0$#2/$/"-! , ,ECE?=292=2D2=2DC6A6BD:A25282>32B36B:<ED -2?52:52?9:DE?8;2B2<2?D2B2D:D:<2G2=D:D:<52?D:D:< &6A2C<2?<6=6B6?852B:D:D:<9:?882>6?86=:?5:?8<6D:D:<>6=2=E:D:D:< ":DE?8G2<DED6>AE9<6=6B6?852B:<6D:D:<52?52B:D:D:<<6D:D:< 1 1 ,$2B2<N36B<:C2B2?D2B2 N 4>52?;2B2<N36B<:C2B2?D2B2N 4> $,%-* & , 1 2D2D=29;2B2<52?G2<DED6>AE9N52?N A2<29A252=:?D2C2?N<6=6B6?8>6?82=2>:A6BE3292?<646A2D2?$:<2H236B2A2 A2<29<6=6B6?8>6?82=2>:A6BE3292?<646A2D2?A252=:?D2C2?N$:<2H236B2A2 '6?EBEDA6?52A2D?52D6B>2CE<86B2<2A2<29<6=6B6?8A252=:?D2C2?N52?A252=:?D2C2?N A2H2?852A2D?52C:>AE=<2?52B:A6B4@322?:?:ABCKelerengPapan lintasanTumpuanPapan lintasan

105Tes Kompetensi Fisika Semester 1 '*'&* &0 * &0 12( 4 ! ,5 ,%. *',%1$. 1# ,)$/( ) ,* &. # !2)2* 1'& , :>6?C:82H2252=29 2 0'10&10-1N 5 0'10&10-1N 3 0'10&10-1N 6 0'10&10-14 0'10&1N 0-1N .C292C6D:2AC2DE2?G2<DE>6>:=:<:5:>6?C:C2>256?82?5:>6?C: 2 6?6B8:<:?6D:< 5 6?6B8:A@D6?C:2=3 52H26 82H24 D6<2?2? E2F6<D@B>2C:?8>2C:?8C2DE2?52?C2DE2?C2DEC2>2=2:?C2=:?8D682<=EBEC ,6=:C:9<65E2F6<D@BD6BC63ED252=29 2 C2DE2?5 C2DE2?3 C2DE2?6 C2DE2?4 C2DE2? E2F6<D@B52?C2DEC2>2=2:?>6>36?DE<CE5EDJ +6CE=D2?F6<D@B>6>36?DE<CE5EDJD6B9252AF6<D@B $:<2F6<D@B(F6<D@B252=29 2 (5 (3 (6 (4 ( %6D6=:D:2?2=2DE<EBA6?882B:C;2?8<2C@B@?852?>:<B@>6D6BC6<BEAC642B236BDEBEDDEBED252=29 2 >> >>52? >>3 >> >>52? >>4 >> >> >>5 >> >>52? >>6 >> >>52? >> *252A6?8E<EB2?A2?;2?836?525:A6B@=6992C:=A6?8E<EB2?> 2?H2<?H22?8<2A6?D:?892C:=A6?8E<EB2?D6BC63ED252=29 2 5E25 =:>23 D:826 6?2>4 6>A2D =E>:?:E>H2?8>2CC2?H2 852?F@=E>6?H24>>6>:=:<:>2CC2;6?:C 2 8 4>5 8 4>3 8 4>6 8 4>4 8 4> ,63E29>@3:=36B86B2<<632B2D56?82?<646A2D2? > CC6=2>2 56D:< %6>E5:2?36?5236B86B2<<6>32=:<6D:>EB56?82?<646A2D2?> CC6=2>256D:< %646A2D2?B2D2B2D2>@3:=252=29M 2 > C5 > C3 > C6 > C4 > C$2B2<H2?85:D6>AE936?52C6=2>2C252=29 2 >5 >3 >6 >4 > ,6C6@B2?8>6?86?52B2:>@3:=56?82?A6B46A2D2?D6D2A > C ,6D6=2936B;2=2? C>@3:=:DE>6?6>AE9;2B2<> %646A2D2?2G2=>@3:=:DE252=29 2 > C5 > C3 > C6 > C4 > C ,63E29>@3:=52B:<62522?5:2>9:?88236B86B2<56?82?<646A2D2? > C>6>3EDE9<2?G2<DEC $2B2<H2?85:D6>AE9>@3:=252=29 2 >5 >3 >6 >4 > ,63E29>@3:=>6>:=:<:<646A2D2?2G2=> C>6?52A2DA6B=2>32D2?D6D2A> C '@3:=D6BC63ED2<2?36B96?D:C6D6=29>6?6>AE9;2B2< 2 >5 >3 >6 >4 > ,63E2936?525:D6>32<<2?F6BD:<2=<62D2C56?82?<646A2D2?2G2= > C %6D:?88:2?36?52C6D6=29 C52B:A6?6>32<2?252=29 > C2 >5 >3 >6 >4 > :2?D2B2A6B?H2D22?36B:<EDH2?8A2=:?8D6A2DE?DE<C63E2936?52;2DE93632C252=29 2 A6B46A2D2?D6D2A<646A2D2?D6D2A3 A6B46A2D2?36BD2>329<646A2D2?D6D2A4 A6B46A2D2?D6D2A<646A2D2?36BD2>3295 A6B46A2D2?36BD2>329<646A2D2?36BD2>3296 A6B46A2D2?52?<646A2D2?36B<EB2?8 6B:<ED252=298B27:<<646A2D2?+D6B9252AG2<DE)52B:36?52H2?836B86B2<=EBEC Tes Kompetensi FisikaSemester 1842068t(s)v(m/s)

106Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas X ,63E2936?5256?82?>2CC2?H2#5:82?DE?856?82?C6ED2CD2=:<6>E5:2?D2=:5:D2B:<<62D2C56?82?A6B46A2D2?D6D2A $:<2A6B46A2D2?8B2F:D2C:252=29> CD682?82?D2=:252=29 2 #5 #N#3 ##6 #N#4 #N# *6B92D:<2?82>32B36B:<ED %252=29<2DB@=H2?8C2?82D=:4:? '2CC236?5252?>2C:?8>2C:?8<852?<8 $:<236?525:=6A2CD682?82?D2=:52?>2C:?8>2C:?8252=29 2 (52? ( 5 (52?(3 (52? ( 6 (52? (4 (52? ( ,6C6@B2?856?82?>2CC2<85:D:>32?85:52=2>=:7DH2?8C652?8>6=E?4EB<632G2956?82?<646A2D2?D6D2A > C $:<2 > C36B2D@B2?8:DE252=29 2 (5 (3 (6 (4 (vt21 6?5256?82?>2CC2<836B86B2<56?82?<6=2;E2? <> ;2> !2H2H2?85:A6B=E<2?282B36?52:DE36B96?D:A252;2B2< >52B:D6>A2DC6>E=2252=29 2 (36B=2G2?2?56?82?86B2<36?523 (C62B2956?82?86B2<36?524 (36B=2G2?2?56?82?86B2<36?525 (C62B2956?82?86B2<36?526 (C62B2956?82?86B2<36?52 ,63E2936?5256?82?>2CC2<8D6B=6D2<A2523:52?852D2B 6?52D6BC63ED5:36B:82H2 (H2?8>6>36?DE<CE5EDJD6B9252A3:52?8>6?52D2B !2H2?@B>2=H2?836<6B;2A25236?52:DE252=29 2 (5 (3 (6 (4 ( *6B92D:<2?82>32B36B:<ED !2>32BD6BC63ED>6?E?;E<<2?8B27:<<646A2D2?D6B9252AG2<DE52B:5E23E2986B2<36?52H2?8>2CC2?H2#52?# %65E236?52>6?52A2D82H2H2?8C2>2C69:?882>6?52A2D<2?A6B46A2D2?52? 2B:8B27:<52A2D5:C:>AE=<2?329G2 2 52?# #3 52?# #4 52?# #5 52?# #6 52?# #ABT1T2T2K ,6@B2?8?6=2H2?>6?H636B2?8:CE?82:>6?88E?2<2?A6B29E52HE?8 *6B29E52HE?8C6=2=E5:2B29<2?D682<=EBECD6B9252A2B292BEC2:B56?82?<646A2D2?> C $:<2<646A2D2?2=:B2?2:B> C9:DE?8=29<646A2D2?D@D2=A6B29E52?2B29?H252=2>>6=:?D2C:CE?82: ,63E2936?525:=6A2C<2?D2?A2<646A2D2?2G2=52B:A6C2G2DH2?8C652?836B86B2<56?82?<6=2;E2?D6D2A $:<2D:52<252A6?82BE92?8:?;6=2C<2?=293282:>2?236?DE<=:?D2C2?36?52D6BC63ED ,63E2936?52H2?8>2CC2?H2<836B86B2<C642B236B2DEB2?52=2>=:?D2C2?>6=:?8<2B56?82?<646A2D2? > C $:<2;2B:;2B:=:?8<2B2?:DE>36B2A2<2982H282H2C6?DB:A6D2=?H2 '6?82A2<29@B2?8H2?8C652?8>6?2:<:A6B>2:?2?@?D2?82?D:?8D:52<D6BA6?D2=<6=E2B=:?D2C2??H2 ,63E2932DE56?82?>2CC2 <85::<2D56?82?D2=:52?5:AED2BC69:?882=:?D2C2??H236B36?DE<=:?8<2B2?F6BD:<2=56?82?;2B:;2B:> $:<2<646A2D2?CE5ED32DEB25 C52? > CD6?DE<2?=29D682?82?D2=:A252C22D32DE5:D:D:<D6BD:?88: 4 !* &.$/1 ,5 ,!$/')21#$,% ,1$. 1